To What Extent Does the Market Price of Imported Fishmeal Affect the Market Price of Pisciculture Products in Japan？ The Case of Yellowtail and Sea Bream

This study investigates the extent of the influence of imported fishmeal price changes on the market price of pisciculture products. To date, there have been only a few insufficient researches on this topic in Japan. This paper aims to reveal the causality relationship between the market price of imported fishmeal and the market price of pisciculture products using the granger causality test, and to simulate the market price of pisciculture products using impulse response functions as the price of imported fishmeal increases. The results of the granger causality test and impulse response function analyses were as follows： （1） there is a market linkage from the price of imported fishmeal to the market price of sea bream, but no causality with the market price yellowtail; and （2） this has a positive impact on the market price of sea bream when the price of imported fishmeal changes. Moreover, spillover effects were noticed in this simple scenario （at a market price of 800 yen/kg and one unit shock of 1 yen） of about 3 yen/kg.

AR Model Based on Time Series Modeling for Predicting Egg Market Price in 2021

Eggs,as a meat consumer product in China,are closely related to the vegetable basket project.Exploring and predicting the future trend of egg market price is of great significance for stabilizing egg price and market supply.In this study,the time series AR model was used for fitting the egg market prices in the 66 d from January 1 to March 7,2021,and the delay operator nlag18 was used for white noise test,giving pr>probability of chisq<0.005.The time series was not a white noise series,and then the stationary series was used for modeling.The optimal model was selected as the AR series(BIC(3,0)),and finally,the egg market price model AM was obtained as X_(t)=9.0556+(1+0.8926)ε_(t),which was the optimal model.The model showed that the egg price fluctuations in 2021 will be clustered,and the later price will be significantly affected by external factors in the previous period.The dynamic prediction results of the model showed that the egg price would stop falling in March 2020,and the egg price would continue to slow down in March.

Determinants of market price of stock： A study on bank leasing and insurance companies of Bangladesh

Financial firms make up a substantial fraction of the domestic equity market. A number of studies subsequently used different conceptual and methodological approaches to model equity return of financial services firms. Movement of the stock price as the consequence of the movement of the micro and macroeconomic factors is strongly supported by the literature review. Dhaka Stock Exchange in Bangladesh is inefficient in weak form. Multiple regression analysis is conducted to find out the relationship microeconomic factors with the stock price. In this study found a significant linear relationship among market return and some microeconomic factors such as net asset value per share, dividend percentage, earning per share of bank leasing and insurance companies. Also found non-linear relationship among the variables is insignificant at 95 percent level of significance.

Rice quality in relation to market prices in Yunnan Province

Factors affecting rice quality and their impacts on market price were investigated in this study. On-farm survey and market survey was undertaken in three selected sites namely Kunming, Dali, and Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province, China. Market sampling was conducted to determine important rice quality characteristics. Sixty milled rice samples were collected from domestic markets of the three sites during a period of Mar to Apr in 1994. The grain physicochemical properties of the milled rice samples were analyzed on the basis of Chinese Agricultural Ministry Standard for testing rice quality. A hedonic price model (implicit price model) was further employed to quantify relationships between quality characteristics and market prices of rice. The model can be expressed mathematically as the following function (1) This function shows that the average price paid by consumer for different grades of rice with attribute Xj. Using the ordinary least square (OLS) regression of observed market prices on measures

Seminar on“Cotton Price and Market”Outlook and Expectation for 2011

Sponsored by Cotton Council International and co-organized by the Hong Kong Association of Textile Bleachers,Dyers,Printers and Finishers and the Hong Kong Cotton Spinners Association,the seminar on"Cotton Price and Market:Outlook and Expectation for 2011"was held at the Clothing

Cotton Market Fundamentals ＆ Price Outlook

Recent price movement All benchmark prices except the CC Index increased over the past month.Prices for the March NY futures contract surged in late December,rising from75 cents/lb to just below 80 cents/lb.Following that round of increases,

Pricing Decision Support System for Generation Companies in Electricity Market

In order to meet the requirement of separating power plants from power network and that of the competition based power transaction in power market, the pricing decision support system for generation companies (GCPDSS) is built in electricity market. This paper introduces the conception of intelligent decision support system (IDSS) and puts emphasis on the systematical structural framework, work process, design principal, and fundamental function of GCPDSS. The system has the module to analyze the cost, to forecast the demand of power, to construct the pricing strategies, to manage the pricing risk, and to dispatch giving the pricing strategies. The case study illustrates that the friendly window-based user interface of the system enables the user to take full advantage of the capabilities of the system in order to make effective real-time decisions.

Influencing Factors and Prediction of Carbon Trading Market Prices in China via Elliptical Factor Analysis

In this paper,the authors take Hubei carbon trading market prices as a sample,and select 27 variables from five aspects:International carbon market prices,energy prices,the macroeconomic situation,exchange rate factors and climate environment.The authors construct the elliptical approximate factor model and use a robust two step method based on multivariate Kendall's Tau matrix to extract common factors,identify the influencing factors of carbon prices,make out-of-sample forecasting of carbon prices,and compare with the prediction based on the historical mean of carbon trading market prices.The results show that the prediction of carbon trading market prices using elliptical approximate factor model is more accurate than the prediction based on the historical mean of carbon trading market prices.Among them,fossil energy prices,international carbon prices and climate environment are important influencing factors of carbon trading prices.

Investing and Pricing with Supply Uncertainty in Electricity Market:A General View Combining Wholesale and Retail Market

Renewable energy,such as wind and solar energy,may vary signifi cantly over time and locations depending on the weather and the climate conditions.This leads to the supply uncertainty in the electricity(power) market with renewable energy integrated to power grid.In this paper,electricity in the market is classified into two types:stablesupply electricity(SSE) and unstablesupply electricity(USE).We investigate the investment and pricing strategies under the electricity supply uncertainty in wholesale and retail electricity market.In particular,our model combines the wholesale and retail market and capture the dominant players,i.e.,consumers,power plant(power operator),and electricity supplier.To derive the market behaviors of these players,we formulate the market decision problems as a multistage Stackelberg game.By solving the game model,we obtain the optimal,with closedform,wholesale investment and retail pricing strategy for the operator.We also obtain the energy supplier's best price mechanism numerically under certain assumption.We fi nd the price of SSE being about 1.4 times higher than that of USE will benefi t energy supplieroptimally,under which power plant's optimal strategy of investing is to purchase USE about 4.5 times much more than SSE.

A new method on hydrothermal scheduling optimization in electric power market

The hydrothermal scheduling in the electric power market becomes difficult because of introducing competition and considering sorts of constraints. An augmented Lagrangian approach is adopted to solve the problem,which adds to the standard Lagrangian function a quadratic penalty term without changing its dual property,and reduces the oscillation in iterations. According to the theory of large system coordination and decomposition,the problem is divided into hydro sub-problem and thermal sub-problem,which are coordinated by updating the Lagrangian multipliers,then the optimal solution is obtained. Our results for a test system show that the augmented Lagrangian approach can make the problem converge into the optimal solution quickly.

Optimal operation of cascaded hydroelectric power plants in the power market

An improved network flow algorithm, which includes the minimum cost network flow and the same period network flow, is proposed to solve the optimization of cascaded hydroelectric power plants in a competitive electricity market. The typical network flow is used to find the feasible flow and add the discharge water to different cascaded hydroelectric power plants at the same step. The same period network flow is used to find the optimal flow and add the power output at a different step. This new algorithm retains the advantages of the typical network flow, such as simplicity and ease of realization. The result of the case analysis indicates that the new algorithm can achieve high calculation precision and can be used to calculate the optimal operation of cascaded hydroelectric power plants.

Economic Assessment of Selected Regulatory Ecosystem Services (RES) in the Elgeyo and Nyambene Watersheds Ecosystems in Kenya

Evidence of increased valuation of ecosystem services (ES) globally is significant. However, most of these studies focus on marketed subsets of ES at national and international levels. Ecosystems differ in spatial scale, biophysical and ecological structure, and functionality. This requires conducting studies at the local level to understand how, for example, the watershed ecosystem contributes to humanity locally and nationally. This study focuses on selected regulatory ecosystem services (RES) in Kenya’s catchment area ecosystems (Elgeyo and Nyambene). Field-based sampling and Landsat imagery with secondary information were used to generate biophysical and ecological data. The study used market price-based, cost-based, and unit transfer methods for RES valuation. The study estimates the total value of the six selected regulatory ecosystem services (RES) at KES 41.4 billion (US$386.7 million) and KES 14.73 billion (US$137.71 million) for Elgeyo and Nyambene, respectively. This equates to KES 1.64 million (US$15,331.19) and KES 2.72 million (US$25,375) per hectare per year. Extrapolating the study estimates to the national level, the country’s regulatory ecosystem services would range from US$18.4 billion to US$30.45 billion annually. This equates to between 16.7% and 27.7% of Kenya’s GDP in 2021, underscoring the importance of watersheds to the national economy.

Reliability-based congestion pricing model under endogenous equilibrated market penetration and compliance rate of ATIS

A reliability-based stochastic system optimum congestion pricing(SSOCP) model with endogenous market penetration and compliance rate in an advanced traveler information systems(ATIS) environment was proposed. All travelers were divided into two classes. The first guided travelers were referred to as the equipped travelers who follow ATIS advice, while the second unguided travelers were referred to as the unequipped travelers and the equipped travelers who do not follow the ATIS advice(also referred to as non-complied travelers). Travelers were assumed to take travel time, congestion pricing, and travel time reliability into account when making travel route choice decisions. In order to arrive at on time, travelers needed to allow for a safety margin to their trip.The market penetration of ATIS was determined by a continuous increasing function of the information benefit, and the ATIS compliance rate of equipped travelers was given as the probability of the actually experienced travel costs of guided travelers less than or equal to those of unguided travelers. The analysis results could enhance our understanding of the effect of travel demand level and travel time reliability confidence level on the ATIS market penetration and compliance rate; and the effect of travel time perception variation of guided and unguided travelers on the mean travel cost savings(MTCS) of the equipped travelers, the ATIS market penetration, compliance rate, and the total network effective travel time(TNETT).

有效市场、有为政府与深化能源体制革命

能源体制革命是能源安全新战略的组成部分。本文从市场建设、价格改革、管理优化、法治完善等方面,梳理了2014年“四个革命、一个合作”能源安全新战略,此战略提出后我国深入推进能源体制改革,本文分析了新形势下深化能源体制改革面临的新要求,对进一步深化能源体制改革进行了探论和建议。

考虑灵活调节需求的容量市场出清模型与定价方法

新能源占比的提升使得电力系统对灵活调节资源的需求显著增加,而传统容量市场仅以保障负荷峰值时段的系统充裕度为目标,仍可能存在因灵活调节能力不足而导致电力供应短缺的情况。为此,提出考虑灵活调节需求的容量市场鲁棒优化出清模型与定价方法,给出不同类型资源的结算规则,并验证所提出的容量市场机制能够满足社会效率、收支平衡、个体理性、激励相容等性质。最后,采用IEEE 118节点系统进行算例验证。结果表明,所提出的容量市场机制能够同时保障负荷峰值时段系统充裕度与灵活调节能力的充裕度,合理刻画灵活调节资源的容量价值,有效区分不同类型资源的有效容量贡献与引起灵活调节需求的责任,有助于引导新能源机组平抑出力不确定性波动,激励灵活性资源提供容量满足系统灵活调节需求。

跨国跨州/跨省跨区输电定价机制及对中国专项工程定价的启示

中国资源禀赋和能源需求呈逆向分布,促进新能源资源在更大范围的优化配置是中国新型电力系统建设的内在要求。跨省跨区输电价格作为跨省跨区电力交易价格的重要组成部分,其定价机制的合理性不仅会影响输电工程投资成本的合理回收,还会影响电力市场竞争效率乃至资源在更大范围内优化配置。为此,在梳理中国及欧洲、美国典型电力市场跨省跨区和跨国跨州输电工程现状的基础上,对国际典型电力市场跨国跨州和跨市场输电定价机制的历史沿革和发展情况进行梳理,探究影响跨国跨州和跨市场输电定价的关键因素,并结合中国跨省跨区专项工程输电定价机制的发展沿革,分析了中国现行的跨省跨区专项工程输电定价机制在新型电力系统和全国统一电力市场体系建设的背景下将面临的问题,提出对中国跨省跨区专项工程输电定价的启示与未来发展方向。

电力体制改革回顾与展望

2014年,在能源安全新战略的指引下,我国电力体制改革取得了新的突破。本文聚焦从新一轮电力体制改革至今取得的历史性成就,总结回顾电力体制改革的时代背景与战略要求,从输配电价改革、电力市场建设、竞争性环节电价放开、配售电改革、交易机构规范运行、电力科学监管等方面,系统评估电力体制改革取得的积极进展与显著成效,并围绕碳达峰碳中和目标、新型电力系统建设等新形势新要求,展望新征程上进一步深化电力体制改革的可行路径。

高水平社会主义市场经济体制:理论逻辑、目标指向与路径对策

新时代以来,全面深化经济体制改革并构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制成为推动我国经济高质量发展的关键性课题。基于对社会主义市场经济体制的理论探析,以及对中国特色社会主义市场经济发展历程的梳理,研究认为,构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制应在夯实坚持党的核心领导、公有制和多种所有制共同发展、政策调控与市场激励相结合等社会主义市场经济体制基本要求的基础上,进一步确保多种所有制经济活力更强、价格机制反应的灵敏度更高、政策引导调控的靶向更准,其目标得以实现,关键则在于要不断提升党和政府执政能力、持续完善要素配置体制机制、更加优化产权权能结构体系、坚持创新服务供给技术平台、聚力营造共建共享营商环境等。

国际碳市场发展及对油气行业的影响分析

国际碳市场自1997年起步以来发展迅速,截至2023年末,全球已建成36个不同级别的碳市场,覆盖99亿吨二氧化碳当量,占全球温室气体排放量的18%以上。碳市场在全球温室气体控排中发挥的作用越来越重要,已成为世界各国应对气候变化的主要政策工具之一。随着碳市场逐渐向主要油气资源国拓展、覆盖范围不断扩大,油气行业面临更大的减排和成本上升压力,全球油气投资和贸易格局也将重塑。未来油气行业应继续深度参与全球气候治理,积极采取行动应对气候变化,塑造行业绿色低碳新形象,保持行业竞争力,同时,加强低碳技术合作,推动行业减排标准和方法学制定与完善。油气企业需要加速低碳转型,努力实现产业链和产品深度脱碳,并密切关注全球碳定价政策变化,将碳成本纳入项目投资决策,加强碳资产和碳价格风险管理。