Stress-Strain Relationship and Failure Criterion for Concrete after Freezing and Thawing Cycles

The research of the failure criterion and one-dimensional stress-strain relationship of deteriorated concrete were carried out. Based on the damage mechanics theory, the dsmage which reflects the alternation of internal state of material were introduced into the formula presented by Desayi and Krishman and the weighted twin-shear strength theory. As a nondestructive examination method in common use, the ultrasonic technique was adopted in the study, and the ultrasonic velocity was used to establish the damage variable. After that, the failure criterion and one-dimensional stress-strain relationship for deteriorated concrete were obtained. Eventually, tests were carried out to study the evolution laws on the damage. The results show that the more freezing and thawing cycles are, the more apparently the failure surface shrinks. Meanwhile, the comparison between theoretical data and experimental data verifies tile rationality of tile damage-based one-dimensional stress-strain relationship proposed.

Stress-strain relationship of unsaturated cohesive soil

A moisture-content based constitutive model was proposed based on the hyperbolic model as an attempt to move towards the implementation of unsaturated soil mechanics into routine geotechnical engineering practice. The stress-strain behavior of in-situ soil at a depth of 5 m was investigated by conducting undrained triaxial compression tests using the remolded soil samples. The test results show that the stress-strain relationship of unsaturated cohesive soil is still hyperbolic. The values of parameters a and b given in the model decrease with increasing the confining pressure for soil samples with the same moisture content and increase with increasing the moisture content for soil samples under the same confining pressure. The relationships between parameters a, b and moisture content were studied for confining pressures of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kPa. The comparison between the measured and predicted stress-strain curves for an additional group of soil samples, having a moisture content of 25.4%, shows that the proposed moisture content-dependent hyperbolic model provides a good prediction of stress-strain behavior of unsaturated cohesive soil.

Nonlinear model characterizing stress-strain relationship and permeability change of contact compression fracture at closing stage

Understanding the stress-strain relationship and permeability change for contact compression fracture at closing stage has been a hot issue for a long time.Previous investigations of this topic were mainly focused on experimental tests;however,theoretical approaches were rarely reported.Based on this,this paper focuses on the contact fracture at closing stage when rock is uniaxially loaded,and then a theoretical model is proposed.Based on the change of fracture elasticity modulus,it shows that as crack apertures are gradually reduced in the loading process,the permeability of rock sample will decrease progressively.This scenario shows that theoretical computation matches well with the experimental results.Finally,the effects of ratio of sample size to fracture aperture(n).pore pressure(P),and initial aperture(b) on stress-strain relationship and permeability change for contact compression fracture at closing stage are analyzed.

Effect of Engineering Character on Stress-Strain Relationship in Post-Peak Area

Constitutive experiments are the base of all rock mechanics works. The effect of engineering character on constitutive law is a new problem of rock mechanics. The results of series specimens based on the uniaxial and plane strain compression experiments were presented and discussed. It is found that engineering or experiment character has obvious effects on stress-strain relationship and especially on mechanic parameters in post-peak area. And the law of size effect of softening materials was also discussed.

Mechanical Properties and Stress Strain Relationship Models for Bamboo Scrimber

In order to investigate the basic mechanical properties and stress strain relationship model for bamboo scrimber manufactured based on a new technique,a large quantities of experiments have been carried out.Based on the analysis of the test results,the following conclusions can be drawn.Two main typical failure modes were classified for bamboo scrimber specimens both under tension parallel to grain and tension perpendicular to grain.Brittle failure happened for all tensile tests.The slope values for the elastic stages have bigger discreteness compared with those for the specimens under tensile parallel to grain.The failure modes for bamboo scrimber specimens under compression parallel to grain could be divided into four.Only one main failure mode happened both for the bending specimens and the shear specimens.With the COV values of 28.64 and 25.72 respectively,the values for the strength and elastic modulus under tensile perpendicular to grain have the largest discreteness for bamboo scrimber.From the point of CHV values,the relationship among the mechanical parameters for bamboo scrimber were proposed based on the test results.Compared with other green building materials,bamboo scrimber manufactured based on a new technique has better mechanical performance and could be used in construction area.Three stress strain relationship models which are four-linear model,quadratic function model,and cubic function model were proposed for bamboo scrimber specimens manufactured based on a new technique.The latter two models gives better prediction for stress strain relationship in elastic plastic stage.

A novel binary effective medium model to describe the prepeak stressstrain relationship of combined bodies of rock-like material and rock

Combined bodies of rock-like material and rock are widely encountered in geotechnical engineering,such as tunnels and mines.The existing theoretical models describing the stress-strain relationship of a combined body lack a binary feature.Based on effective medium theory,this paper presents the governing equation of the“elastic modulus”for combined and single bodies under triaxial compressive tests.A binary effective medium model is then established.Based on the compressive experiment of concretegranite combined bodies,the feasibility of determining the stress threshold based on crack axial strain is discussed,and the model is verified.The model is further extended to coal-rock combined bodies of more diverse types,and the variation laws of the compressive mechanical parameters are then discussed.The results show that the fitting accuracy of the model with the experimental curves of the concretegranite combined bodies and various types of coal-rock combined bodies are over 95%.The crack axial strain method can replace the crack volumetric strain method,which clarifies the physical meanings of the model parameters.The variation laws of matrix parameters and crack parameters are discussed in depth and are expected to be more widely used in geotechnical engineering.

Stress-strain relationship for reactive powder concrete with recycled powder under uniaxial compression

The recycled powder(RP)from construction wastes can be used to partially replace cement in the preparation of reactive powder concrete.In this paper,reactive powder concrete mixtures with RP partially replacing cement,and natural sand instead of quartz,are developed.Standard curing is used,instead of steam curing that is normally requested by standard for reactive powder concrete.The influences of RP replacement ratio(0%,10%,20%,30%),silica fume proportion(10%,15%,20%),and steel fiber proportion(0%,1%,2%)are investigated.The effects of RP,silica fume,and steel fiber proportion on compressive strength,elastic modulus,and relative absorption energy are analyzed,and theoretical models for compressive strength,elastic modulus,and relative absorption energy are established.A constitutive model for the uniaxial compressive stress-strain relationship of reactive powder concrete with RP is developed.With the increase of RP replacement ratio from 0% to 30%,the compressive strength decreases by 42% and elastic modulus decreases by 24%.

砌体本构关系的研究进展

介绍国内外砌体结构本构关系的研究现状和发展趋势,归纳砌体本构关系的各种类型及影响因素.根据实验数据的回归分析,得到混凝土多孔砖砌体受压本构关系的表达式.通过对国内外学者提出的不同本构关系进行比较和分析,给出了各本构关系的实用价值及存在问题,这是砌体结构内力分析、强度计算及有限元分析时必不可少的依据.最后,提出了砌体本构关系研究中存在的一些问题以及需要进一步完善的地方.

砖砌体单轴压缩与拉伸应力应变关系

砖砌体是被广泛应用的建筑材料,大量学者对砖砌体的压缩和拉伸行为特性以及应力-应变关系进行了试验研究。研究发现:砖砌体表现出与混凝土相近的应力-应变关系,为基于混凝土应力-应变关系模型发展砖砌体的应力-应变关系模型提供了基础。对已经提出的几种不同的砖砌体应力-应变关系模型进行了比较,通过比较分析,基于中国混凝土应力-应变关系模型,推荐了可用于估计砖砌体单轴压缩和拉伸载荷下应力-应变曲线的简单分析模型,模型中使用的参数不仅可以很容易地通过实验获得,而且常在规范中被规定使用。

普通砖砌体受压本构模型

从普通砖砌体的受压试验结果出发,借鉴混凝土本构模型,全面描述了普通砖砌体受压的本构关系。同时采用5次多项式的数学模型,用一条曲线反映普通砖砌体受压的应力-应变全过程,对比结果表明该模型是可行的,能满足工程计算和有限元分析的要求。

轴压砌体随机损伤本构关系研究

基于砌体破坏机制,发展了相应的细观损伤单元模型,它由弹脆性的微弹簧和模拟裂缝滑移的塑性元件组成,轴压砌体可等效为细观单元的并联体.通过引入单元破坏应变分布随机场,推导了应力与损伤的均值、方差表达式.根据砌体单轴受压时的应力-应变全曲线试验结果,结合随机建模原理和优化算法确定随机场参数和材料参数,将分析得出的受压随机应力-应变关系与试验结果进行比较,二者吻合良好.

砌体受压本构关系模型的研究

从分析砌体受压应力—应变全曲线所具有的特征出发 ,基于施楚贤教授提出的砌体受压应力—应变曲线式 ,指出了其存在的问题 ,进而提出了反映砌体受压应力—应变全曲线的本构关系 ,该本构关系包含了砌体受压试验所表现出的几乎全部特征。

组合砌体剪力墙的抗弯承载能力

组合砌体剪力墙是由多种不同力学特性的材料复合而成的结构构件，其承弯能力的计算比较复杂。从各组成材料的本构关系出发，并借助平截面假定，给出了砌体材料和混凝土材料的匹配关系，推导了该类剪力墙在两种极限状态下的承弯能力，同时指出这两种极限状态的界限受压区高度。用本文公式计算的结果与弹塑性有限元及试验结果相比具有相当好的精度。

免蒸压免烧结粉煤灰多孔砖砌体力学性能试验研究

免蒸压免烧结粉煤灰多孔砖是一种新型承重墙体材料,为使其在地震区村镇建筑中得到推广应用,进行了多孔砖砌体抗压强度和抗剪强度试验,分析了砌体裂缝开展及破坏过程。试验结果表明:免蒸压免烧结粉煤灰多孔砖砌体的受压、受剪破坏过程及特征与普通黏土砖砌体类似,但具有更大的脆性;抗压、抗剪强度均小于普通黏土砖砌体;采用6次多项式的受压本构关系数学模型,反映了免蒸压免烧结粉煤灰多孔砖砌体受压应力-应变全过程,计算值与实测数据比较接近。

藏式石砌体受压应力-应变全曲线特征研究

为了研究藏式石砌体轴心受压下的变形特征和损伤机理,对2组共8个三石叠放的棱柱体试件进行了轴心受压试验。2组试件分别反映普通毛石砌筑风格和藏式风格。得到了试件的开裂及破坏形态、变形特征和受压全过程应力-应变曲线。试验结果表明,藏式石砌体具有阶段性变形和损伤特征,应力-应变曲线与其他类型砌体存在差异。根据试验现象和试验数据提出了藏式石砌体轴心受压的开裂前应力-应变曲线本构关系表达式,采用两段式二次多项式来表达。该表达式与实验结果吻合度较好。对试验的适用性进行了探讨,提出了对后续试验的建议。

不同砌筑方式蒸压加气混凝土砌块砌体抗压强度研究

主要研究采用不同方式砌筑的蒸压加气混凝土砌块砌体的轴心抗压强度,讨论蒸压加气混凝土砌体的裂缝发展特点和破坏特征,分析其抗压承载力及应力应变关系。结果表明,蒸压加气混凝土砌体开裂后砌体还可以承受一定的压力,延性较好。蒸压加气混凝土砌体对砌块的抗压强度利用率较高,轴心受压砌体的抗压强度为砌块抗压强度的70%左右。在灰缝中配钢筋和纤维能显著提高抗压砌体的开裂强度,延缓抗压砌体开裂,提高其延性。蒸压加气混凝土承重砌块砌体的强度与传统承重砌体的强度水平相当,完全可以用于多层住宅房屋的承重结构。

砌体受压应力-应变关系

通过一个细观模型,从细观层次上分析了砌体在单调受压荷载作用下的损伤破坏机制,解释砌体受压应力-应变关系的非线性和应变软化,根据能量原理,建立了砌体轴心受压时的损伤本构关系模型,提出一类损伤函数表达式,利用应力-应变曲线特征条件和标准试件强度值确定模型参数,分析得出应力-应变关系仅与砌体的峰值点割线弹性模量与原点切线弹性模量有关,该式能反映砌体受压试验所表现的特征,与已有受压结果相比较,结果吻合良好.

蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体本构关系试验与模拟

为研究蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体受压本构关系,对18个蒸压粉煤灰实心砖砌体试件进行轴心受压试验,研究试件的受力状况及其应力应变关系曲线.以试验测得曲线为基础,与数值模拟数据相结合,并与国内外已有研究成果进行综合比较分析,给出蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体的本构关系建议表达式.将所得表达式代入ANSYS有限元分析软件中模拟砌体偏心受压力学性能,并将模拟值与试验值进行比较分析,验证了所得本构关系表达式的正确性.

混凝土多孔砖砌体及砌体材料弹性模量取值研究

砌体弹性模量是砌体结构的基本力学指标,从3个不同的角度研究混凝土多孔砖砌体及砌体材料弹性模量取值的问题,即:利用试验统计资料,得到混凝土多孔砖砌体及混凝土多孔砖、砂浆的弹性模量表达式;由砌体轴心抗压试验,得到其受压本构关系并推导了弹性模量的表达式;基于混凝土多孔砖、砂浆的弹性模量推导了砌体的弹性模量。结果表明,这3种方法得到的表达式的计算结果与试验结果及现行规范的取值吻合较好,为混凝土多孔砖砌体结构的理论研究和工程设计提供了基础资料。

砌体结构加固截面承载力分析

本文评述了国内外各种砌体受压应力-应变关系表达式及极限变形取值的合理性,从实用角度提出了“改进对数型”表达式作为加固砌体结构理论分析的依据,并针对加固砌体的受力特征,对两种常用加固方法的结构进行了分析,建立了加固砌体轴心受压及偏心受压构件截面承载力实用设计计算方法.