Improving innovation and entrepreneurship education in higher institutions: the impact of "Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation" education on undergraduates' entrepreneurial intentions

The exploration of the way"mass entrepreneurship and innovation"(MEI)education influences students'aspirations to become entrepreneurs has grown into an important area of analysis in studies related to higher education.This research intends to examine the consequences of MEI education on students'tendency towards entrepreneurship,and to put forward methods for augmenting the teaching of innovation and entrepreneurship in private higher educational establishments.To achieve this objective,questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were employed in the study,which involved a total of 197 students and five education experts.The statistical analysis of the questionnaire data revealed that MEI education was positively related to students'entrepreneurial intentions,and that both entrepreneurial experience and family entrepreneurial background played moderating roles in this relationship.The interview findings indicated that private universities could enhance educational reforms by designing talent training programs,developing diversified curricula,and developing more professional entrepreneurial platforms to encourage students'entrepreneurial intentions.This study offers fresh insights for improving and perfecting the mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship education in private universities.

On Cultures of Curriculum in Mass Higher Education-Taking SEIB in GDUFS as an Example

The thesis focuses on the reconstruction of cultures of curriculum,their qualities of cultural reflection,generativity,and the renewal of their natures and logics,in order to serve for the practice of quality education.By taking the cultures of curriculum of School of English for International Business (SEIB) in Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (GDUFS) as an example,the thesis adopts qualitative approach,on the one hand,to obtain the current situation of cultures of curriculum by exploring the contemporary value orientation of curriculum in Business English (BE) major;on the other hand,to be aware of teachers' and students'understandings of cultures of curriculum for comparison by a survey for students and in-depth interviews for both of the two parts.Consequently,problems are identified and solved through seeking the reconstruction of cultures of curriculum which aims at pursuing cultures of curriculum as they ought to be.

Analysis of Anthropometric Measurements and Dietary Intake in Patients Undergoing a Multi-Professional Osteoarthritis Education Program (PARQVE-Project Arthritis Recovering Quality of Life by Means of Education)

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) has a major impact on mobility and the loss of productivity of patients, especially knee OA (KOA). Obesity is one of the main risk factors for the incidence and prevalence of KOA. Weight loss alone decreases pain and improves quality of life and functional scores. Objective: To use BMI, body fat, and calorie intake to measure the effect of a multi-professional educational program on patients with KOA and correlate these measurements with subjective questionnaire results. Methods: A total of 198 patients undergoing standard treatment for KOA were randomized to 4 groups. All groups received written and video information regarding KOA. Three groups (1, 2 and 3) also attended two days of lectures 1, 2 and 3 months apart, respectively, whereas group 4 did not. Each group was divided into subgroups A (bimonthly telephone calls) and B (no telephone calls). All patients were evaluated at baseline and at one year for BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat, and calorie intake and with the WOMAC, LEQUESNE, VAS and SF-36 questionnaires. Results: The WHR showed 89.4% of android obesity at baseline and 87.9% at one year without improvement (p = 0.38). Body fat decreased by 0.44% regardless of group or subgroup. Calorie intake was different between groups (p = 0.019) according to phone calls and follow-up (p = 0.03). BMI and body fat percentage were correlated with the WOMAC, WOMAC pain, VAS and LEQUESNE scores at baseline and at reassessment. Weight was correlated with the baseline results of the WOMAC pain (r = 0.175, p = 0.014), VAS (r = 0.155, p = 0.029), LEQUESNE (r = 0.161, p = 0.023), SF-36-PCS (r = ?0.186, p = 0.009) and SF-36-MCS (r = 0.155, p = 0.029) scores and with the one-year results of the WOMAC (r = 0.155, p = 0.029) and WOMAC pain (r = 0.151, p = 0.034) scores. Conclusion: The multi-professional treatment program had very little impacts on the percentage of body fat. This improvement was independent of classes, telephone calls, or improvements in pain, function and quality of life. Calorie intake improvement was influenced by telephone calls and classes but was not associated with objective measurements of/or changes in weight, BMI, or body fat percentage or with subjective improvements.

Strategies for "Mass Enterpreneurship and Innovation" Education in Local Universities to Promote Rural Revitalization through Integrating Industry and Education

At present, there are still some problems, such as insufficient integration between universities and local industry and education, urgent need to optimize the collaborative education system, limited quality of "mass enterpreneurship and innovation" education subjects, insufficient joint efforts of relevant policies, lack of rural revitalization subjects, and imperfect rural infrastructure and public service system. In view of the above difficulties and the practical efficiency analysis of "mass enterpreneurship and innovation" education in Hubei University of Science and Technology, this paper puts forward the strategies for "mass enterpreneurship and innovation" education in local universities to promote rural revitalization from the perspective of integration between industry and education: colleges and universities should deepen the reform of the education system of integration between industry and education, and cultivate "mass enterpreneurship and innovation" talents for rural revitalization;the government and society should strengthen the construction of rural service support system and optimize the "mass enterpreneurship and innovation" environment for rural revitalization.

Verifying the Effects of an Education Program Leveraging Information Technology to Promote Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Aged 20 - 29—A One-Year Longitudinal Study

The purpose of this research is to implement an IT-based education program in order to promote cervical cancer screenings for women aged 20 - 29 years, as well as to examine the results of said program. This is a longitudinal/comparative study of two groups, one for which the program was implemented (the intervention group), and the other for which it was not (the control group). The program consisted of attending a health lecture and encouragement to be screened one month, six months, and one year later sent through IT-based methods. The target was unmarried women aged 20 - 29 who had neither previously given birth nor had been screened for cervical cancer in a period one year prior. They were divided into two groups, the intervention group (n = 142) and control group (n = 145). The effectiveness of the program was assessed via an initial survey and further surveys six months and one year later. Results were based on the Japanese version of the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and the Pap Smear Test (HBMSCCPST), knowledge scores in the categories of Healthy Lifestyles, Cervical Cancer, Cervical Cancer Screening, and screening behavior. A two-way ANOVA of the HBMSCCPST subscales and knowledge scores in the initial, six-month, and one-year surveys was performed, showing interaction in Cervical Cancer (p = 0.00). Main effects were observed in Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.00) and Healthy Lifestyles (p = 0.00). Regarding the amount of change from the initial survey, knowledge scores in the Cervical Cancer (p = 0.027) and Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.016) categories were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in cervical cancer screening rates (p = 0.26) between the two groups. However, a small-degree effect size was observed for Benefits, Seriousness, and Susceptibility subscales in both examinees and non-examinees. Although the educational program of this study was effective in improving the knowledge of women in their twenties, there was little improvement in HBMSCCPST and it did not lead to the promotion of cervical cancer screening. In order to raise interest in cervical cancer screening, it is necessary to consider useful content to guide women to consult with healthcare professionals, a long-term population approach, and organizational structure of consultation.

Model Reduction Methods for High-Rise Buildings with Active Mass Damper Control Systems

To improve the performance of an active mass damper control system,the controller should be designed based on a reduced-order model. An improved method based on balanced truncation method was proposed to reduce the dimension of high-rise buildings,and was compared with other widely used reduction methods by using a framework with ten floors. This optimized method has improvement of reduction process and choice of the order. Based on the reduced-order model obtained by the improved method and pole-assignment algorithm,a controller was designed. Finally,a comparative analysis of structural responses,transfer functions,and poles was conducted on an actual high-rise building. The results show the effectiveness of the improved method.

MassWorks^(TM)与气相色谱-质谱联用分析洋甘菊精油成分

采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC/MS)技术,结合Mass WorksTM质谱解析软件,对产自甘肃省永登县的洋甘菊(Chamomila recutitaL.)精油成分进行分析。对两种不同极性的色谱柱进行分离比较实验,确定了适合于洋甘菊精油分离分析的色谱条件和质谱条件,解析并确定出精油中的35种化合物。Mass Works软件在低分辨率质谱上可对化合物分子质量实现精确测量,为低分辨四极杆质谱确定化合物的元素组成和解析化合物结构提供重要依据,同时也为植物精油的成分分析提供新的技术手段。

香蕉果实可溶性淀粉合成酶基因MaSSⅢ-1的分子特征与时空表达模式

为弄清香蕉果实可溶性淀粉合成酶基因(MaSSⅢ-1)的分子特征及时空表达模式,以‘巴西蕉’果肉为试材,采用PCR法进行MaSSⅢ-1基因克隆,通过Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR)和Western blot技术对MaSSⅢ-1基因及其蛋白表达模式进行分析。结果显示:MaSSⅢ-1基因cDNA全长为2397 bp,编码798个氨基酸,包括4个典型的结构域,GenBank登录号为KU757067。MaSSⅢ-1基因在香蕉根、球茎、花和苞片中表达量较低,在叶、果皮和果肉中表达量较高;随着香蕉果实发育,MaSSⅢ-1基因表达量逐渐上升,在抽蕾后50～60天达到最大;随着果实采后成熟,MaSSⅢ-1表达量在采后5天达到最大,随后逐渐下降。在香蕉果实不同发育及采后成熟阶段,MaSSⅢ-1蛋白呈现出与mRNA水平相一致的表达趋势。证明MaSSⅢ-1基因的表达不仅涉及到香蕉果实支链淀粉合成代谢,可能还涉及采后早期果实成熟或者支链淀粉降解。

Photodissociation Dynamics of 2-1odotoluene Investigated by Femtosecond Time-Resolved Mass Spectrometry

The photodissociation dynamics of 2-iodotoluene following excitation at 266 nm have been investigated employing femtosecond time-resolved mass spectrometry. The photofragments are detected by multiphoton ionization using an intense laser field centered at 800 nm. A dissociation time of 3804-50 fs was measured from the rising time of the co-fragments of toluene radical （C7H7） and iodine atom （I）, which is attributed to the averaged time needed for the C-I bond breaking for the simultaneously excited nσ and ππ＊ states by 266 nm pump light. In addition, a probe light centered at 298.23 nm corresponding to resonance wavelength of ground-state iodine atom is used to selectively ionize ground-state iodine atoms generated from the dissociation of initially populated hσ＊ and ππ＊ states. And a rise time of 4004-50 fs is extracted from the fitting of time-dependent I＋ transient, which is in agreement with the dissociation time obtained by multiphoton ionization with 800 nm, suggesting that the main dissociative products are ground-state iodine atoms.

“有用知识”与大众教育--霍尔布鲁克与美国学园运动(1826—1839)

一个国家经济的增长和社会的进步不仅是新思想和新观念传播的结果,也与这些思想观念为大众所用的路径有关。随着科学的兴起以及工业的发展,从18世纪下半叶开始,美国知识精英的兴趣发生了巨大变化,“有用知识”逐渐成为知识界流行的概念。19世纪初期,美国的知识精英试图探索将“有用知识”传播到普通大众之中的途径。美国学园运动的主要创始人约西亚·霍尔布鲁克是其中的代表,他通过在全国范围内广泛建立学园系统,建立自助与互助的教育组织来传播“有用知识”,并探寻培养社会公民方案。霍尔布鲁克领导的学园运动不仅为工业时代早期的知识传播和大众教育探索了一条独特的道路,也影响了后来美国公共教育体系的建设。

Δ4-3-oxosteroid-5β-reductase deficiency: Responses to oral bile acid therapy and long-term outcomes

BACKGROUND Disorders of primary bile acid synthesis may be life-threatening if undiagnosed,or not treated with primary bile acid replacement therapy. To date, there are few reports on the management and follow-up of patients with Δ4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase(AKR1 D1) deficiency. We hypothesized that a retrospective analysis of the responses to oral bile acid replacement therapy with chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA) in patients with this bile acid synthesis disorder will increase our understanding of the disease progression and permit evaluation of this treatment regimen as an alternative to the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) approved drug cholic acid, which is currently unavailable in China.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic responses of patients with AKR1 D1 deficiency to oral bile acid therapy, specifically CDCA.METHODS Twelve patients with AKR1 D1 deficiency, confirmed by fast atom bombardment ionization-mass spectrometry analysis of urine and by gene sequencing for mutations in AKR1 D1, were treated with differing doses of CDCA or ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA). The clinical and biochemical responses to therapy were monitored over a period ranging 0.5-6.4 years. Dose adjustment, to optimize the therapeutic dose, was based on changes in serum biochemistry parameters,notably liver function tests, and suppression of the urinary levels of atypical hepatotoxic 3-oxo-Δ4-bile acids measured by mass spectrometry.RESULTS Physical examination, serum biochemistry parameters, and sonographic findings improved in all 12 patients during bile acid therapy, except one who underwent liver transplantation. Urine bile acid analysis confirmed a significant reduction in atypical hepatotoxic 3-oxo-Δ4 bile acids concomitant with clinical and biochemical improvements in those patients treated with CDCA. UDCA was ineffective in down-regulating endogenous bile acid synthesis as evidenced from the inability to suppress the urinary excretion of atypical 3-oxo-Δ4-bile acids. The dose of CDCA required for optimal clinical and biochemical responses varied from 5.5-10 mg/kg per day among patients based on maximum suppression of the atypical bile acids and improvement in serum biochemistry parameters, and careful titration of the dose was necessary to avoid side effects from CDCA.CONCLUSION The primary bile acid CDCA is effective in treating AKR1 D1 deficiency but the therapeutic dose requires individualized optimization. UDCA is not recommended for long-term management.

Extraction of essential oil from shaddock peel and analysis of its components by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Essential oil, with more than thirty kinds of compounds separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, was extracted from Shatian shaddock peel and Sweet shaddock peel by squeeze-steam distillation and direct steam distillation method. Among their composition, the main components are terpene compounds, which account for 93.926% (mass fraction, the same below) and 85.843% of essential oils extracted from Shatian shaddock peel and Sweet shaddock peel, respectively. Although nootkatone is the major contributor of shaddock characteristic scent, and its contents are 1.069% and 1.749% of essential oils from Sweet shaddock peel and Shatian shaddock peel, respectively. The results show that squeeze-steam distillation gives higher yield and good quality of essential oil and the compositions of essential oils from two kinds of shaddock peels are different, but the main contributors of the shaddock scent are the same.

基于GC-MS和MassHunter统计方法的芝麻油掺伪识别

目的提出了一种用于芝麻油掺伪识别的新方法。方法为实现芝麻油中掺伪的识别,对掺入不同比例的大豆油、玉米油、棕榈油的芝麻油的40个样品进行近红外分析,并且基于主成分分析对掺入油进行识别;应用固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用仪(SPME-GC/MS)和Mass Hunter软件,对于玉米油掺伪芝麻油的风味质谱数据进行了研究。结果 Mass Hunter解卷积软件和Agilent Mass Profiler Professional数据统计软件更加灵敏地从复杂包埋的目标物剖析分离得到了独特的标记物。倍率变化(FC=5)分析和ANOVA(P=0.05)分析的结果以火山曲线表示,确定区分芝麻油和玉米油的独特特征标记物。基于此独特的标记物,通过主成分分析,可对纯芝麻油和掺伪芝麻油进行分类。结论试验证明通过统计分析风味质谱数据寻找特征标记物可解决芝麻油掺伪的识别问题。

A SUPER SENSITIVITY MINICYCLOTRON MASS SPECTROMETER SPECIALIZED FOR CARBON-14 DATING

The structure consideration of a minicyclotron as super- sensitivity mass spectrometer for carbon -14 dating being constructed at this Institute is described. Some new design ideas and techniques are presented.

Causal effect of education on type 2 diabetes:A network Mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND The causality between education and type 2 diabetes(T2DM)remains unclear.AIM To identify the causality between education and T2DM and the potential metabolic risk factors[coronary heart disease(CHD),total cholesterol,lowdensity lipoprotein,triglycerides(TG),body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),fasting insulin,fasting glucose,and glycated hemoglobin]from summarized genome-wide association study(GWAS)data used a network Mendelian randomization(MR).METHODS Two-sample MR and network MR were performed to obtain the causality between education-T2DM,education-mediator,and mediator-T2DM.Summary statistics from the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium(discovery data)and Neale Lab consortium(replication data)were used for education and DIAGRAMplusMetabochip for T2DM.RESULTS The odds ratio for T2DM was 0.392(95%CI:0.263-0.583)per standard deviation increase(3.6 years)in education by the inverse variance weighted method,without heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy.Education was genetically associated with CHD,TG,BMI,WC,and WHR in the discovery phase,yet only the results for CHD,BMI,and WC were replicated in the replication data.Moreover,BMI was genetically associated with T2DM.CONCLUSION Short education was found to be associated with an increased T2DM risk.BMI might serve as a potential mediator between them.

Impact of Education on Productivity:A Model in China

Improving the quality of human resources through edu-cation and training is of great strategic significance.However, few people have done in depth and systematicstudies on the relationship between education and pro-ducttvity in China. This study developed an educationproductivity transform model and empirically tested themodel using data on the most districts of China. The ba-sic notion is that the effect depends both on the capabilityresulted from education, and on the environment inwhich this capability can be exercised, the effect is a re-sult of two factors combined.

Upshots of health education among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A field study in Mysuru

Objective:This study was conducted to assess the impact of health education on lifestyle modification and disease status of diabetic patients for 6 months in rural Mysuru in Southern India.Materials and Methods:A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 104 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural Mysuru,India from July to December 2022.Participants were assigned to two groups:intervention(n=52)and control(n=52),and their data were collected.The intervention group was educated about the disease and its management and was given printed pamphlets containing information to be followed,whereas the participants in the control group were asked to continue their routine health checkups.The body mass index(BMI),weight,fasting blood sugar(FBS),knowledge about the disease,and behavior changes were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after 6 months.Results:The mean FBS value,BMI and weight decreased significantly in the intervention group after 6 months(FBS:164.79±47.59 mg/dL vs.141.92±25.63 mg/dL,P<0.001;BMI:22.97±3.75 kg/m2 vs.22.62±3.29 kg/m2,P<0.05;weight:62.82±11.92 kg vs.61.54±10.67 kg,P<0.05).The posttest period also showed an improvement in physical activity,diet,and medication adherence in the intervention group compared to the control group(P<0.05).The knowledge scores also improved postintervention which was statistically significant with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test(P<0.05).Conclusions:The effectiveness of the educational intervention was also supported by lower FBS levels and decrease in BMI and weight compared to before.The findings of this study may help and make it easier to plan studies on people with diabetes mellitus in various settings.

Comparative Studies on Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Linear Chiral Secondary Alcohols (R)-1-(4-Alkylphenyl) and (R)-1-(4-Alkoxyphenyl/Alkylthiophenyl) Alcohols

Mass spectrometric behaviour of （R） -1- （ 4-alkylphenyl ） alcohols, 1- （4-alkoxylphenyl） alcohols, and 1- （4-alkylthiophenyl） alcohols were studied with the aid of mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry under electron impact ionization. All the title compounds show a tendency to eliminate a water molecule to form alkene ions and undergo an a-cleavago to produce protonated aldehyde ions by the loss of alkyl radicals. Except these two common fragment ions, they also show some different fragmentations due to with or without oxy/thioether-linkage.