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Contrasted continental rifting via plume-craton interaction: Applications to Central East African Rift 被引量:4
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作者 Alexander Koptev Evgueni Burov +4 位作者 Eric Calais Sylvie Leroy Taras Gerya Laurent Guillou-Frottier Sierd Cloetingh 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第2期221-236,共16页
The East African Rift system (EARS) provides a unique system with the juxtaposition of two contrasting yet simultaneously formed rift branches, the eastern, magma-rich, and the western, magma-poor, on either sides o... The East African Rift system (EARS) provides a unique system with the juxtaposition of two contrasting yet simultaneously formed rift branches, the eastern, magma-rich, and the western, magma-poor, on either sides of the old thick Tanzanian craton embedded in a younger lithosphere. Data on the pre-rifr, syn-rift and post-rift far-field volcanic and tectonic activity show that the EARS formed in the context of the interaction between a deep mantle plume and a horizontally and vertically heterogeneous lithosphere under far-field tectonic extension. We bring quantitative insights into this evolution by implementing high-resolution 3D thermo-mechanical numerical deformation models of a lithosphere of realistic rheology. The models focus on the central part of the EARS. We explore scenarios of plumelithosphere interaction with plumes of various size and initial position rising beneath a tectonically pre-stretched lithosphere. We test the impact of the inherited rheological discontinuities (suture zones) along the craton borders, of the rheological structure, of lithosphere plate thickness variations, and of physical and mechanical contrasts between the craton and the embedding lithosphere. Our experiments indicate that the ascending plume material is deflected by the cratonic keel and preferentially channeled along one of its sides, leading to the formation of a large rift zone along the eastern side of the craton, with significant magmatic activity and substantial melt amount derived from the mantle plume material. We show that the observed asymmetry of the central EARS, with coeval amagmatic (western) and magmatic (eastern) branches, can be explained by the splitting of warm material rising from a broad plume head whose initial position is slightly shifted to the eastern side of the craton. In that case, neither a mechanical weakness of the contact between the craton and the embedding lithosphere nor the presence of second plume are required to produce simulations that match observations. This result reconciles the passive and active rift models and demonstrates the possibility of development of both magmatic and amagmatic rifts in identical geotectonic environments. 展开更多
关键词 Plume-lithosphere interaction Continental rifting East African rift System 3D numerical modeling
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四原子分子振转相互作用的Lie代数方法
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作者 冯东太 丁世良 王美山 《化学学报》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2003年第11期1729-1733,共5页
利用Lie代数方法研究了四原子分子振转相互作用 ,在代数框架内首次给出四原子分子振转相互作用的张量算子非对角矩阵元的表达式 ,利用这些表达式对线型四原子分子HCCF振转相互作用的l
关键词 lie代数方法 四原子分子 振转相互作用 张量算子 约化矩阵元
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Formation Water Geochemistry and Its Controlling Factors: Case Study on Shiwu Rifted Sub-basin of Songliao Basin, NE China
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作者 Xiang Caifu Lu Youmin 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第2期14-21,共8页
A common way to trace fluid flow and hydrocarbon accumulation is by studying the geochemistry of formation water. This paper focuses on the spacial distribution of the geochemical features of the formation water in th... A common way to trace fluid flow and hydrocarbon accumulation is by studying the geochemistry of formation water. This paper focuses on the spacial distribution of the geochemical features of the formation water in the Shiwu Rifled Basin and its indication of the water-rock interaction processes. The hydrodynamic field controls the spacial distribution of formation water. Due to the penetration of meteoric water, the salinity is below 4,500mg/L at the basin margin and the severely faulted central ridge and increases basin ward to 7,000-10,000mg/L. The vertical change of formation water can be divided into 3 zones, which correspond respectively to the free replacement zone (〈1,250m), the obstructed replacement zone (1,250m-1,650m) and the lagged zone (〉 1,650m) in hydrodynamics. In the free replacement zone, the formation water is NaHCO3-type with its salinity increased to 10,000mg/L. The formation water in the obstructed replacement zone is Na2SO4-type with its salinity decreased to 5,000mg/L-7,000mg/L because of the dehydration of mud rocks. The formation water in the lagged zone is CaC12-type, but its salinity decreases sharply at a depth of 1,650m and then increases vertically downward to 10,000mg/L. This phenomenon can be best explained by the osmosis effect rather than the dehydration of mud rocks. The relationships between Cl^--HCO3^- and Na^++K^+-Ca^2+ show that the initial water-rock interaction is the dissolution of NaCl and calcium-beating carbonate, causing an increase of Na^+-K^+-Ca^2+-Cl^- and salinity. The succeeding water-rock interaction is albitization, which leads to a decrease of Na^+ and an increase of Ca2+ simultaneously, and generates CaCl2-type fluid. The above analysis shows that the geochemical evolution of formation water is governed by the water-rock interactions, while its spacial distribution is controlled by the hydrological conditions. The water-rock interaction processes are supported by other geological observations, suggesting that formation water geochemistry is a viable method to trace the fluid-rock interaction processes and has broad applications in practice. 展开更多
关键词 Geochemistry of formation water hydrodynamic fields fluid-rock interaction Shiwu rifted Basin Songliao Basin
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Research advances on transfer zones in rift basins and their influence on hydrocarbon accumulation
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作者 Yixin Yu Changgui Xu +5 位作者 Xintao Zhang Lang Yu Xu Tang Fan Yang Yuemeng Niu Rui Yang 《Energy Geoscience》 2023年第3期1-8,共8页
Transfer zones are structural areas of faults interactions where fault motion or displacement can be transferred from one fault to another, regional strain maintains laterally constant. Transfer zones are widely devel... Transfer zones are structural areas of faults interactions where fault motion or displacement can be transferred from one fault to another, regional strain maintains laterally constant. Transfer zones are widely developed in rift basins and have significance on hydrocarbon accumulation. In this review article, we attempt to summarize recent advances on the types, distance-displacement curves, evolutionary stages and controlling factors of transfer zones in rift basins and their effects on sedimentary systems, reservoir properties, trap formation and hydrocarbon migration. The formation of transfer zones is genetically related to the segmented growth of normal faults. Depending on the degree of interaction between these normal faults, transfer zones in rift basins could be divided into two types: soft-linked and hard-linked, which are further subdivided into transfer slope, oblique anticline, horst and transfer fault based on the combination patterns of normal faults. In general, the development of transfer zones experiences several stages including isolated normal faulting, transfer slope forming, complicating and breaking. During the interaction and growth of segmented normal faults, stress-strain and spatial array of faults, pre-existing basement structures, and mechanical conditions of rocks have a great influence on the location and development processes of transfer zones. A transfer zone is commonly considered as a pathway for conveying sediments from provenance to basin, and it hence exerts an essential control on the distribution of sandbodies. In addition, transfer zone is the area where stresses are concentrated, which facilitates the formation of various types of structural traps, and it is also a favorable conduit for hydrocarbon migration. Consequently, there exists great hydrocarbon potentials in transfer zones to which more attention should be given. 展开更多
关键词 Transfer zone Normal fault Fault interaction Hydrocarbon accumulation rift basin
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功能性近红外光谱技术在说谎研究中的应用 被引量:9
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作者 白学军 章鹏 +2 位作者 张琪涵 宋璐 杨宇 《心理科学进展》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2019年第1期160-170,共11页
功能性近红外光谱技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS)是近年来新兴起的一种脑成像技术,其凭借生态效度高、成本低等优势已成为一种具有广阔前景的测谎技术。研究者使用了被动说谎和主动说谎的实验范式,验证了fNIRS技... 功能性近红外光谱技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS)是近年来新兴起的一种脑成像技术,其凭借生态效度高、成本低等优势已成为一种具有广阔前景的测谎技术。研究者使用了被动说谎和主动说谎的实验范式,验证了fNIRS技术在说谎研究中的可行性和准确性,揭示了其在探讨年幼儿童说谎行为和真实互动情景中自发说谎行为的神经机制中的优势。未来研究应综合运用多种指标和方法,考察说谎行为的神经网络,加强真实人际互动情景下自发谎言神经机制和儿童说谎认知发展神经机制的研究,这将有助于揭示说谎的本质,提高测谎效力。 展开更多
关键词 功能性近红外光谱技术 人际互动 测谎
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用动力学方法研究原子分子碰撞过程中的统计平均问题(英文) 被引量:2
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作者 王晓艳 候立霞 +3 位作者 王鹏程 鲁文 谢晋东 丁世良 《原子与分子物理学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第4期683-688,共6页
动力学李代数方法在研究原子分子碰撞问题中是一种很重要的方法.在计算过程中我们用密度算子导出了物理量的统计平均值.同时我们用时间演化算子计算了振转能量的跃迁几率.作为例子我们用此方法计算了H2和He的碰撞问题.
关键词 相互作用 碰撞 李代数
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黏土实验模拟分段剪切拉张下的偏斜角差异对汾渭裂谷带形成演化的影响 被引量:1
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作者 卓燕群 S.A.Bornyakov +2 位作者 郭彦双 马瑾 S.I.Sherman 《地震地质》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2016年第2期259-277,共19页
汾渭裂谷带由2组走向不同的盆地组成:以拉张为主的NEE向盆地(或盆地系)和以右旋走滑为主的NNE向盆地。相邻NEE向盆地(或盆地系)间的连接区由NNE向盆地和地垒组成。汾渭裂谷带南、北段总体走向NEE并以拉张为主,中段总体走向NNE且具走滑... 汾渭裂谷带由2组走向不同的盆地组成:以拉张为主的NEE向盆地(或盆地系)和以右旋走滑为主的NNE向盆地。相邻NEE向盆地(或盆地系)间的连接区由NNE向盆地和地垒组成。汾渭裂谷带南、北段总体走向NEE并以拉张为主,中段总体走向NNE且具走滑兼拉张的性质。汾渭裂谷带各段具有以下特征:各裂谷段新生代盆地按照先南、再北、后中段的时间顺序形成;盆地连接区规模依中、北、南段递减;忻定盆地东端平行于裂谷带北段走向延伸成NEE向,西端沿逆时针方向旋转成NNE向,而临汾盆地与忻定盆地呈近似反对称的展布。但是已有模拟实验或数值实验均无法解释这些特征,原因在于它们忽略了裂谷分段性对NEE向盆地及其连接区演化的控制作用。文中结合已有地质调查资料,基于黏土实验和数字图像相关方法,观测了在基底的分段右旋剪切拉张作用下上覆黏土盖层的裂陷过程,并对黏土盖层表面的变形场时空演化进行了定量分析。实验再现了汾渭裂谷带的主要构造特征,结果表明:1)裂谷带南、北、中段偏斜角(裂谷带两侧块体的相对运动方向与裂谷带走向之间的夹角)的依次递减是造成NEE向盆地的形成时间和连接区规模在各裂谷段呈现上述特征的原因。2)相邻NEE向盆地的相互作用是形成具有右旋剪切拉张的NNE向连接区的原因。3)相邻裂谷段之间的相互作用可能是造成忻定盆地和临汾盆地特殊构造特征的原因。因此,汾渭裂谷带各段的构造差异主要源于各段偏斜角的差异。但模型还存在不足之处,其中值得进一步完善的是模型未考虑汾渭裂谷带先存构造的影响,因而未能详细模拟汾渭裂谷带南、北段内盆地的构造特征。 展开更多
关键词 偏斜角 盆地相互作用 裂谷段相互作用 变形场时空演化 汾渭裂谷带
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劳动论争之解明:马克思思想的生态轨迹之四 被引量:1
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作者 黄瑞祺 黄之栋 《鄱阳湖学刊》 2010年第1期50-60,共11页
对于应该如何理解马克思理论中劳动这个概念,环境研究者向来存有重大疑虑。争议的起因源自劳动理论中"物质代谢"与"对象化活动"的割裂与对立。对此,作者认为劳动理论中的这两个侧面与环保思想并不相违。因为,物质... 对于应该如何理解马克思理论中劳动这个概念,环境研究者向来存有重大疑虑。争议的起因源自劳动理论中"物质代谢"与"对象化活动"的割裂与对立。对此,作者认为劳动理论中的这两个侧面与环保思想并不相违。因为,物质代谢观认为人是自然这个大循环中的一个小循环,人在维系自身小循环之际,不得不同时虑及自然界大循环的运行;这种顾及大循环永续不坠的方法,又得仰赖对象化活动中目的性意识的改变来达成。基此,我们认为这两个概念应该被放在辩证的观点中来理解。 展开更多
关键词 马克思 物质代谢 对象化活动 生态思想
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相互作用的量子系统模型及其物理控制过程 被引量:3
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作者 丛爽 《控制理论与应用》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第1期131-134,共4页
在充分考虑量子系统中粒子之间的相互作用以及可能需要的几何控制的基础上,建立了一个变量在李群的SU(4)上变化的、两个具有相互作用的自旋1/2粒子系统的数学模型.详细地描述了对具有相互作用的量子系统的物理控制过程.为进一步对量子... 在充分考虑量子系统中粒子之间的相互作用以及可能需要的几何控制的基础上,建立了一个变量在李群的SU(4)上变化的、两个具有相互作用的自旋1/2粒子系统的数学模型.详细地描述了对具有相互作用的量子系统的物理控制过程.为进一步对量子系统有关的可控性、操纵以及反馈控制做好了准备工作. 展开更多
关键词 自旋1/2粒子 量子系统模型 相互作用 李群
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Entanglement and Sudden Death for a Two-Mode Radiation Field Two Atoms
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作者 Eman M.A.Hilal E.M.Khalil S.A.bdel-Khalek 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2021年第2期1227-1236,共10页
The effect of the field–field interaction on a cavity containing two qubit(TQ)interacting with a two mode of electromagnetic field as parametric amplifier type is investigated.After performing an appropriate transfor... The effect of the field–field interaction on a cavity containing two qubit(TQ)interacting with a two mode of electromagnetic field as parametric amplifier type is investigated.After performing an appropriate transformation,the constants of motion are calculated.Using the Schrödinger differential equation a system of differential equations was obtained,and the general solution was obtained in the case of exact resonance.Some statistical quantities were calculated and discussed in detail to describe the features of this system.The collapses and revivals phenomena have been discussed in details.The Shannon information entropy has been applied for measuring the degree of entanglement(DE)between the qubits and the electromagnetic field.The normal squeezing for some values of the parameter of the field–field interaction is studied.The results showed that the collapses disappeared after the field–field terms were added and the maximum values of normal squeezing decrease when increasing of the field–field interaction parameter.While the revivals and amplitudes of the oscillations increase when the parameter of the field–field interaction increases.Degree of entanglement is partially more entangled with increasing of the field-field interaction parameter.The relationship between revivals,collapses and the degree of entanglement(Shannon information entropy)was monitored and discussed in the presence and absence of the field–field interaction. 展开更多
关键词 Field-field interaction su(1 1)lie group degree of entanglement normal squeezing
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Dynamical approach to the statistical average of atom-diatom collision
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作者 WANG Xiao-yan DING Shi-liang 《原子与分子物理学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第B04期105-110,共6页
关键词 交互作用 统计学 原子碰撞 动力学
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多通道交互的虚拟现实样板间
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作者 王伟志 冯文琪 王聪 《数字技术与应用》 2018年第7期156-158,共3页
旨在设计实现一种脱离鼠标、键盘等传统交互设备,实现对场景中家具和物品抓取和挪放的虚拟现实样板间。采用Oculus Rift虚拟现实眼镜获取样板间场景内容,使用户置身于虚拟环境;通过游戏手柄控制场景中人物的移动实现样板间场景内的无障... 旨在设计实现一种脱离鼠标、键盘等传统交互设备,实现对场景中家具和物品抓取和挪放的虚拟现实样板间。采用Oculus Rift虚拟现实眼镜获取样板间场景内容,使用户置身于虚拟环境;通过游戏手柄控制场景中人物的移动实现样板间场景内的无障碍漫游;利用Kinect体感设备的手势识别,实现对样板间中家居陈列的抓取、移动、放置。系统测试表明,达到了所设计的各项功能。 展开更多
关键词 虚拟现实 样板间 多通道交互 KINECT Oculus rift
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Application of Lie algebraic method to the calculation of rotational spectra for linear triatomic molecules
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作者 孟庆田 关大任 丁世良 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS 2001年第6期571-581,共11页
The Hamiltonian describing rotational spectra of linear triatomic molecules has been derived by using the dynamical Lie algebra of symmetry group U1(4)?U24. After rovibrational interactions being considered, the eigen... The Hamiltonian describing rotational spectra of linear triatomic molecules has been derived by using the dynamical Lie algebra of symmetry group U1(4)?U24. After rovibrational interactions being considered, the eigenvalue expression of the Hamiltonian has the form of term value equation commonly used in spectrum analysis. The molecular rotational constants can be obtained by using the expression and fitting it to the observed lines. As an example, the rotational levels ofv 2 band for transition (0200–0110) of molecules N2O and HCN have been fitted and the fitting root-mean-square errors (RMS) are 0.00001 and 0.0014 cm?1, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 symmetry group U_(1)(4)■U_(2)(4). lie algebraic method rovibrational interaction rotational constants
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清华大学物理系原子核物理研究的新进展 被引量:1
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作者 朱胜江 龙桂鲁 +1 位作者 庄鹏飞 阮东 《物理》 CAS 北大核心 2006年第5期382-387,共6页
在清华大学物理系成立80周年之际,对近年来清华大学物理系原子核物理研究的主要进展情况作一介绍,包括原子核高自旋态的实验研究,原子核结构的理论研究,高能核物理的理论研究.在高自旋态研究方面,内容包括在A~100丰中子核区核的集体振... 在清华大学物理系成立80周年之际,对近年来清华大学物理系原子核物理研究的主要进展情况作一介绍,包括原子核高自旋态的实验研究,原子核结构的理论研究,高能核物理的理论研究.在高自旋态研究方面,内容包括在A~100丰中子核区核的集体振动转动带结构、新的准粒子带特性、新手征二重带等特性研究;在A~140丰中子核区核的八极形变及八级关联等特性研究;在A~130缺中子核区核的形状驱动效应,包括扁椭形变带、形状共存等特性研究.在原子核结构理论研究方面,内容包括用相互作用玻色子模型、推转壳模型、投影壳模型以及相对论平均场对原子核特性的研究;对原子核结构或其他量子系统的各种对称性和代数方法的研究,如动力学对称性、超对称性、势代数方法等;与对称性紧密联系的普通李代数和非线性李代数的表示,如普通李代数、李超代数、平方根型非线性李代数、多项式型非线性李代数等.在高能核物理研究方面,内容主要包括量子色动力学(QCD)在高温高密条件下的相变以及在相对论重离子碰撞中相变信号的研究. 展开更多
关键词 原子核结构 高自旋态 相互作用玻色子模型 相对论自洽投影壳模型 动力学对称性和代数方法 (非线性、超)李代数表示.QCD相变 夸克胶子等离子体
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涠西南凹陷边界断层演化及其对地层充填的控制 被引量:7
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作者 秦春雨 王华 +3 位作者 姜平 陆江 何杰 赵彦璞 《中国矿业大学学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第2期318-327,共10页
陆相断陷盆地的构造-沉积充填演化受到主干断层的控制.为加深断陷盆地边界断层活动与层序沉积充填演化时空耦合关系的认识,以北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷为例,综合利用三维地震资料、地层厚度以及断层活动性数据,并基于正断层的分段联接模式,... 陆相断陷盆地的构造-沉积充填演化受到主干断层的控制.为加深断陷盆地边界断层活动与层序沉积充填演化时空耦合关系的认识,以北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷为例,综合利用三维地震资料、地层厚度以及断层活动性数据,并基于正断层的分段联接模式,分析边界断裂(一号断层)的时空演化,对涠西南凹陷始新世流沙港组沉积充填及盆地演化进行精细解剖,认为涠西南凹陷边界断层的不同演化阶段控制了凹陷的沉积充填(包括烃源岩的发育和储集砂体的展布),从而为油气藏的形成奠定了有利基础.研究结果表明:始新世一号断层最初由5个孤立的分段断层组成,共经历了初始孤立断层阶段、相互作用与联接阶段、断层贯通阶段和消亡阶段4个演化阶段.孤立断层阶段(流沙港组三段),活动速率较低,介于15~50 m/Ma,湖盆范围小,地层平均厚度为200~300 m,以发育大范围的河流-冲积相地层为主;相互作用与联接阶段(流沙港组二下段),活动速率显著增高但沿走向差异性强,断层活动速率可达80 m/Ma以上,湖盆有所扩张,沉积-沉降中心受中部的分段断层活动的控制;断层贯通阶段(流沙港组二上段),活动速率整体增强,湖盆快速扩张,凹陷内湖盆范围达到最大,沉积大套湖相泥岩,累积最大厚度可达1500 m,该阶段为烃源岩发育阶段;断层消亡阶段(流沙港组一段),断层活动速率降至30 m/Ma以下,湖盆萎缩,厚度中心向凹陷中心迁移,以发育滨浅湖三角洲相地层为特征,该阶段为储集砂体发育阶段. 展开更多
关键词 涠西南凹陷 陆相断陷盆地 边界断层 分段联接模式 构造-沉积充填演化
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