A Cognitive Psychological Study on the Acquisition of Chinese Word’s Coloring Meaning--Chinese as a Second Language

Lexical meaning mainly includes rational meaning,grammatical meaning,and coloring meaning.Mastering the coloring meaning of vocabulary is of great significance for foreign students to use Chinese vocabulary correctly.This study mainly examines the psychological mechanism of Chinese second language learners mastering the coloring meaning of words,examines the psychological characteristics of students mastering the color meaning of words from the perspectives of second language learning theory and cognitive theory,establishes a cognitive schema for coloring meaning learning,and proposes corresponding learning models and teaching strategies.

Exploring the meaning of care among lived experiences of patients with blindness:an interpretive phenomenological study

Objective:To explore the meaning of care experienced by people with blindness in hospitals.Methods:Interpretive phenomenology along with the 6-step method of van Manen was used to conduct the study.Using purposeful sampling,15 people with legal blindness were interviewed.Thematic analysis was used to isolate the meaning of care.Results:Five themes emerged:(a)nurses in the eyes of patients with blindness;(b)negligence in the caring moments;(c)being cared for in ambiguity;(d)Uncoordinated care;and(e)Psychological discomfor t.These sub-themes were condensed into an overarching theme titled as“marginalized patients inside the stereotypical healthcare system.”Conclusions:Lived experiences of patients with blindness revealed that hospitals provide stereotypic or inappropriate care for this minority group in society.Health professionals par ticularly nurses should be skilled to provide person-centered and coordinated care for patients with blindness.

Lossless embedding: A visually meaningful image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaos and compressive sensing

A novel visually meaningful image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a hyperchaotic system and compressive sensing(CS), which aims to improve the visual security of steganographic image and decrypted quality. First, a dynamic spiral block scrambling is designed to encrypt the sparse matrix generated by performing discrete wavelet transform(DWT)on the plain image. Then, the encrypted image is compressed and quantified to obtain the noise-like cipher image. Then the cipher image is embedded into the alpha channel of the carrier image in portable network graphics(PNG) format to generate the visually meaningful steganographic image. In our scheme, the hyperchaotic Lorenz system controlled by the hash value of plain image is utilized to construct the scrambling matrix, the measurement matrix and the embedding matrix to achieve higher security. In addition, compared with other existing encryption algorithms, the proposed PNG-based embedding method can blindly extract the cipher image, thus effectively reducing the transmission cost and storage space. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed encryption algorithm has very high visual security.

Meaning in Life and Mental Health Issues in Older Adults:A Meta-Analysis

This study aims to be the first to use meta-analysis to explore the relationship between meaning in life(MIL)and mental health issues among older adults.A meta-analysis was conducted using six databases,resulting in 16 studies with 5,074 participants in total.The“metacor”and“forestplot”packages in R-Studio were used for data analysis.The total effect was calculated using a random-effects model,with I2=86%in the heterogeneity test.The results showed a moderate negative correlation between MIL and mental health issues among older adults,with an average effect of−0.37.Five potential moderating variables were examined:the conceptualization of MIL(value vs.purpose),region(Asian vs.Western countries),residence status(community vs.nursing home vs.hospital),types of mental health issues,and evaluation methods(clinical vs.non-clinical).The first four had no significant moderating effect.The mean correlation coefficients between mental health issues and value/purpose were−0.49/−0.33;the mean correlation coefficients in Asian countries and Western countries were−0.48 and−0.34;the mean correlation coefficients among participants living in community/nursing home/mixed status were−0.33/−0.40/−0.40;the mean correlation coefficients between MIL and depression/others were−0.37/−0.35;however,the negative relationship between MIL and mental health issues was stronger when non-clinical evaluations(self-report only)were used.Specifically,the mean correlation coefficient for non-clinical evaluations was−0.42 and for clinical evaluations was−0.29.This study is the first meta-analysis to identify the negative correlation between older adults’MIL and mental health issues.Significant moderating effects of evaluation methods were found.

Visually meaningful image encryption algorithm based on digital signature

Traditional image encryption algorithms transform a plain image into a noise-like image.To lower the chances for the encrypted image being detected by the attacker during the image transmission,a visually meaningful image encryption scheme is suggested to hide the encrypted image using another carrier image.This paper proposes a visually meaningful encrypted image algorithm that hides a secret image and a digital signature which provides authenticity and confidentiality.The recovered digital signature is used for the purpose of identity authentication while the secret image is encrypted to protect its confidentiality.Least Significant Bit(LSB)method to embed signature on the encrypted image and Lifting Wavelet Transform(LWT)to generate a visually meaningful encrypted image are designed.The proposed algorithm has a keyspace of 139.5-bit,a Normalized Correlation(NC)value of 0.9998 which is closer to 1 and a Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR)with a value greater than 50 dB.Different analyses are also performed on the proposed algorithm using different images.The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is with high key sensitivity and strong robustness against pepper and salt attack and cropping attack.Moreover,the histogram analysis shows that the original carrier image and the final visual image are very similar.

不同开机年龄人工耳蜗植入儿童术后早期语前听能康复效果的研究

目的 探讨不同开机年龄人工耳蜗(CI)植入儿童术后早期语前听能(EPLAD)康复效果,并与健听儿童进行横向比较。方法 选取2015-2022年四川大学华西医院完成CI术后开机的1~4岁听障儿童共141例,按开机年龄分为1~2岁组(n=50)、2~3岁组(n=50)、3~4岁组(n=41)。采用婴幼儿有意义听觉整合量表(ITMAIS)和有意义听觉整合量表(MAIS)进行评估,构建广义估计方程(GEE)模型,分析受试者在开机前和开机后1、3、6、12个月时的EPLAD,并与健听儿童进行比较。结果 141例1~4岁CI植入儿童在开机后各个随访时间点的ITMAIS/MAIS得分均有提高,各个随访时间点量表得分两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);基于3组不同开机年龄组的ITMAIS/MAIS得分,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组CI植入患儿在开机12个月内与健听儿童12个月内的得分水平相当。结论 1~4岁CI植入患儿在开机后12个月内,其听能发展水平随着术后康复时间的延长而逐渐提高,EPLAD康复效果与健听儿童一致。不同开机年龄对CI植入患儿术后开机12个月内的ITMAIS/MAIS得分无明显影响。

Analysis of the Symbolic Meaning of James Joyce’s Araby

Araby is a short story by the famous Irish stream-of-consciousness writer James Joyce.Through a series of images,the novel expresses the theme of the story:the“mental paralysis”of Dubliners and the“spiritual Epiphany”of the little boy,which reflects the spiritual barren of Dubliners at that time.Through the analysis of the symbolic meaning of many images in the work,this paper reveals the social background and religious significance hidden behind the images.

The Comparative Study of Chuangtse’s English Translations Under the Theory of Spirit Transmission and Meaning Conveyance

Cultural-loaded word is one of the most popular topics in translation studies.The theory of spirit transmission and meaning conveyance provides a new way for the translation of cultural-loaded word.Based on the A Happy Excursion,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the translation strategies of seven English versions.This study will reveal the similarities and differences between Chinese and foreign translators’translation strategies.

An Exploratory Study of the Interpersonal Meanings of President Xi’s New Year Speech Based on Appraisal Theory

The research examines President Xi’s 2021 New Year speech with research questions centering around its abundant interpersonal meanings.Through qualitative content analysis,the research finds that it is typical for Chinese president to frequently use judgment and appreciation resources in reviewing the past year.Even in the face of the pandemic and natural disasters,the overall emotions of the speech remain positive,which corresponds to the forward-looking feature of New Year speech.Significance of the study abounds and future research can investigate how COVID-19 impacts the ideologies conveyed through political leaders’speeches through a comparative lens and how to produce more understandings that can help dismantle stereotypes and discrimination hidden in reports about COVID-19 by using Appraisal Theory critically,systematically,and comprehensively.

融合IMR-WGAN的时序数据修复方法

工业数据由于技术故障和人为因素通常导致数据异常,现有基于约束的方法因约束阈值设置的过于宽松或严格会导致修复错误,基于统计的方法因平滑修复机制导致对时间步长较远的异常值修复准确度较低.针对上述问题,提出了基于奖励机制的最小迭代修复和改进WGAN混合模型的时序数据修复方法.首先,在预处理阶段,保留异常数据,进行信息标注等处理,从而充分挖掘异常值与真实值之间的特征约束.其次,在噪声模块提出了近邻参数裁剪规则,用于修正最小迭代修复公式生成的噪声向量.将其传递至模拟分布模块的生成器中,同时设计了一个动态时间注意力网络层,用于提取时序特征权重并与门控循环单元串联组合捕捉不同步长的特征依赖,并引入递归多步预测原理共同提升模型的表达能力;在判别器中设计了Abnormal and Truth奖励机制和Weighted Mean Square Error损失函数共同反向优化生成器修复数据的细节和质量.最后,在公开数据集和真实数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法的修复准确度与模型稳定性显著优于现有方法.

意义体验下的西安红色革命文化互动装置设计研究

体验经济时代下,通过文化意义体验创新,使受众在与互动装置互动过程获得情感以及精神层面的意义体验,从而增加文化的认同感。文章分析了文化互动装置与体验设计相关理论以及现状,结合“文化三层次”理论、符号学相关理论,探索了基于意义体验的文化互动装置设计转化方法。通过具体设计实践验证该方法的有效性。基于意义体验的西安红色革命文化互动装置设计研究是以体验设计以及符号学视角来实现文化传播与传承的桥梁,通过文化内涵的挖掘与创意设计转译,为西安红色革命文化的传承提供了新的方向。

转录组和代谢组联合分析阐释木薯叶片花青素合成机制

木薯是世界上第六大粮食作物,其块根富含淀粉但缺乏蛋白质、花青素、胡萝卜素等营养物质。为了探索木薯花青素生物合成机制,本研究选取了两种不同颜色木薯种质资源叶片(FL与PL)为材料,进行转录组和花青素靶向代谢组及其联合分析。转录组分析结果显示在FL和PL中6864个差异表达基因,其中包含4112个上调表达和2752个下调表达。代谢组分析结果显示26种显著差异代谢物在PL中显著高于FL,其中21种属于花青素类。联合分析结果显示,其中7个差异表达的基因与花青素生物合成相关,且花青素含量与差异基因的表达呈正相关,尤其是MeANS1的表达差异最大。本研究结果为阐明木薯花青素的生物合成机制提供了候选基因,同时也为提高木薯花青素含量奠定科学基础。

材料·元素·融入:经管类课程思政如何开展?——以新华网课程思政平台经管类课程为例

在大思政课背景下,如何切实开展好课程思政,关乎我国思想政治教育体系的进一步完善与深化。本文以经管类课程为例,结合新华网课程思政优秀案例的文本材料,借助Nvivo20软件进行内容分析,对相关内容进行编码,归纳出经管类课程的思政材料、思政元素以及融入方式体系。研究发现,我国经管类课程思政能够多渠道选取思政材料、全方位挖掘思政元素、引导学生自主学习,呈现出素材上重视实践和制度类材料,元素上偏重道德与品质的培养,方式上理论教育重于实践教育的特点。结合有意义学习理论,本研究认为,课程思政应在吸收已有优点的基础上,重视实践和制度类材料的选取;挖掘思政元素时以理想信念教育为基础,兼顾素质与能力;更加重视师生互动,提高实践教育占比,提高学生学习主动性,从而实现有意义学习,更好地构建理论学习与实践学习共同发展的大思政课格局。

不合规任务对酒店员工退缩行为的影响机制:一个被调节的链式中介模型

不合规任务在酒店企业中的普遍性,以及对员工的消极影响已得到初步验证。然而,现有研究大多探讨不合规任务对酒店员工绩效表现的影响,缺乏对员工消极工作行为及其整合性作用机制的关注。本研究基于资源保存理论和认知-情感人格系统理论,通过411份酒店一线员工4个时点的有效问卷数据,构建了不合规任务对员工工作退缩行为的链式中介模型,并探讨了员工学习目标导向的多路径调节作用。结果表明:不合规任务对工作退缩行为存在正向影响;工作意义感与和谐型激情在不合规任务与工作退缩行为之间起链式中介作用;学习目标导向分别削弱了不合规任务对工作意义感的负向影响,以及不合规任务对和谐型激情的负向影响,进而负向调节整个链式中介作用。研究结果揭示了不合规任务对酒店员工消极行为的多路径作用机制及其边界条件,对酒店等旅游企业应对不合规任务的负面影响具有指导意义。

有意义人类控制(MHC)在AI影视创作中的探索与应用

当前AI工具存在自动化程度过高、人类控制不足造成生成结果可控性差的问题,成为其应用于专业影视创作的主要壁垒。本文通过总结自主视频生成流程“墨池”(Inkstone)设计与应用中的经验,结合人工智能(AI)与自动化领域的有意义人类控制(Meaningful Human Con⁃trol,MHC)概念,对比了三种不同的自动化工具设计思路,分析了基于MHC的AI影视创作流程和工具开发具体方式,以及目前加强人类控制的若干可行技术路径。研究表明,加强AI训练和生成过程中的MHC,有望在发挥AI工具优势的前提下,对生成内容进行准确控制,从而使创作能够体现艺术家意图,适应专业影视创作需求。

Mean Shift跟踪算法创新实验项目设计

视频跟踪算法是计算机视觉实践课程中比较受关注的实验项目。针对突变情况下传统Mean Shift跟踪算法无法实时准确跟踪的问题,设计了基于模板更新和线性预估的Mean Shift跟踪算法创新实验项目。在模板更新策略下,引入背景模板,通过将原目标模板和背景模板与设定的阈值进行比较来对干扰因素进行判定,当干扰因素判定目标受到遮挡时,引入线性预估方程进行目标位置预测,有效解决目标在遮挡情况下跟踪丢失的问题。通过对测试视频的跟踪效果和性能进行对比分析,验证了算法在突变情况下相较于传统算法具有更好的抗干扰能力。以算法创新设计为核心,通过开放性创新实验项目的选题、设计、答辩、反馈的闭环实验过程,有效提高了学生算法创新设计能力。

创业型领导与工作重塑对创新行为的影响——一个链式中介效应模型

数字化转型背景下,创业型领导兼具创业者和领导者的双重特征,在应对不确定的市场环境,促进组织创新方面具有较强优势。本研究基于自我决定理论,采用问卷法,以328名员工为样本进行研究,探索创业型领导如何激发下属创新。结果表明:创业型领导与下属创新行为显著正相关;工作重塑部分中介创业型领导与创新行为;工作意义部分中介创业型领导与创新行为;工作重塑、工作意义连续中介了创业型领导和创新行为之间的关系。

基于深度对比学习的文本聚类

无监督聚类的目的是根据表示空间中的距离将数据划分为有意义或有用的簇,但往往不同类别在表示空间中是相互重叠的,为了实现不同类别的良好分离,使用实例对比学习模型,修改模型的激活函数为Tanh,并将单层感知机修改为多层感知机,提出了深度对比学习聚类模型。模型首先将原始中文长文本数据集输入神经网络特征提取层BERT中,然后将提取到的全部特征输入实例对比学习层中,对特征进行优化,最终使用K⁃means进行聚类。深度对比学习聚类模型在中文长文本聚类方面的性能相比于无监督聚类,在THUCNews数据集上的准确度提高了10%~25%。能够更好地促进不同类别相互重叠的数据的有效分离,实验效果显著优于现有的其他相关模型。

京津冀地区碳排放时空格局变化及其驱动因子

人类对陆地生态系统的改变是碳排放增加的主要原因。在“双碳”目标背景下探索土地利用变化与碳排放的动态关系,有助于区域土地低碳可持续利用。研究基于土地利用转移视角,采用重心-标准差椭圆方法揭示了京津冀地区土地利用碳排放时空格局演化特征,评估了碳排放与生态环境、社会经济发展的协调程度,并借助改进的Kaya模型和LMDI分解模型定量分析了土地利用变化对碳排放的影响程度。结果表明:(1)建设用地的转入是土地利用碳排放增加的主要来源,引起碳排放量增加15844.36万t;耕地、草地向林地、水域的转变促进了地区固碳能力的提升。(2)土地利用碳排放空间分布格局呈现出东北-西南方向向中心进一步聚集的趋势,并且东-西向聚集趋势大于南-北向。(3)京津冀地区整体碳排放与生态环境的协调性呈向好趋势发展,但大部分地区碳排放与社会经济发展出现失衡现象,地区间碳生产力差异逐渐增大。(4)经济水平是促进碳排放增加的最显著因素,单位GDP用地强度是抑制碳排放增加的最主要因素。分析结果表明,严格控制建设用地的无序扩张是促进低碳土地利用的基础,低碳经济发展是促进地区减碳的重要途径。

Record-breaking High-temperature Outlook for 2023: An Assessment Based on the China Global Merged Temperature(CMST) Dataset

According to the latest version(version 2.0) of the China global Merged Surface Temperature(CMST2.0) dataset, the global mean surface temperature(GMST) in the first half of 2023 reached its third warmest value since the period of instrumental observation began, being only slightly lower than the values recorded in 2016 and 2020, and historically record-breaking GMST emerged from May to July 2023. Further analysis also indicates that if the surface temperature in the last five months of 2023 approaches the average level of the past five years, the annual average surface temperature anomaly in 2023 of approximately 1.26°C will break the previous highest surface temperature, which was recorded in 2016of approximately 1.25°C(both values relative to the global pre-industrialization period, i.e., the average value from 1850 to1900). With El Ni?o triggering a record-breaking hottest July, record-breaking average annual temperatures will most likely become a reality in 2023.