Event segmentation in ADHD:neglect of social information and deviant theta activity point to a mechanism underlying ADHD

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is one of the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents.Although the symptoms appear to be well described,no coherent conceptual mechanistic framework integrates their occurrence and variance and the associated problems that people with ADHD face.Aims The current study proposes that altered event segmentation processes provide a novel mechanistic framework for understanding deficits in ADHD.Methods Adolescents with ADHD and neurotypically developing(NT)peers watched a short movie and were then asked to indicate the boundaries between meaningful segments of the movie.Concomitantly recorded electroencephalography(EEG)data were analysed for differences in frequency band activity and effective connectivity between brain areas.Results Compared with their NT peers,the ADHD group showed less dependence of their segmentation behaviour on social information,indicating that they did not consider social information to the same extent as their unaffected peers.This divergence was accompanied by differences in EEG theta band activity and a different effective connectivity network architecture at the source level.Specifically,NT adolescents primarily showed error signalling in and between the left and right fusiform gyri related to social information processing,which was not the case in the ADHD group.For the ADHD group,the inferior frontal cortex associated with attentional sampling served as a hub instead,indicating problems in the deployment of attentional control.Conclusions This study shows that adolescents with ADHD perceive events differently from their NT peers,in association with a different brain network architecture that reflects less adaptation to the situation and problems in attentional sampling of environmental information.The results call for a novel conceptual view of ADHD,based on event segmentation theory.

ISO Annual Meeting

The ISO Annual Meeting is the world’s premier event for the international standards community.This year’s event is hosted by ICONTEC,the national standards body of Colombia.With the theme“Breaking boundaries”,this open-to-all event comes at a pivotal time for the world.Over the course of a week,participants will engage in meaningful discussions about the most pressing challenges facing our planet today,while also exploring collaborative standards-based solutions for the future.

ITU and UNIDO join forces for smart and inclusive industry

The International Telecommunication Union(ITU)and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization(UNIDO)aim to strengthen their collaboration to advance the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).ITU Secretary-General Doreen Bogdan-Martin and UNIDO Director General Gerd Müller signed the Joint Declaration regarding the collaboration between the two UN specialized agencies on the advancement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,in particular on industrialization,infrastructure development,and innovation in the digital age,on June 25 at ITU headquarters in Geneva,Switzerland.“The signature of this Joint Declaration with UNIDO Director General Gerd Müller at such a critical time in our common efforts to achieve the SDGs reinforces the strong link between universal meaningful connectivity and the revolution taking place in the industrial sector,”said Bogdan-Martin.

‘Nihao! China’--2024 Silk Road Tourism Overseas Promotion Season

Seriesof activities of"Nihao!China"-2024 Silk Road Tourism Overseas Promotion Seasonaimed at launching regional and thematic tourist products and exquisite tourist routes for the international community,showing the picturesque natural scenery and meaningful cultural heritage along the Silk Road,presenting the thought,culture and spiritual connotation carried by the Silk Road for thousands of years,achieving in continuing to enhance the exchanges,cooperation and common prosperity among countries,regions and ethnic groups,and enabling the high-quality development of China's inbound tourism.

Space Exploration

The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month we discuss whether it is worthwhile to explore the space.As an avid fan of science fiction,I am constantly drawn to the enigmatic wonders of the universe.With its vastness and myriad mysteries,the universe never fails to capture my imagination.It is in the context of this fascination that I reflect on the importance of investing in space exploration-an issue that is deeply meaningful to me.

Lossless embedding: A visually meaningful image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaos and compressive sensing

A novel visually meaningful image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a hyperchaotic system and compressive sensing(CS), which aims to improve the visual security of steganographic image and decrypted quality. First, a dynamic spiral block scrambling is designed to encrypt the sparse matrix generated by performing discrete wavelet transform(DWT)on the plain image. Then, the encrypted image is compressed and quantified to obtain the noise-like cipher image. Then the cipher image is embedded into the alpha channel of the carrier image in portable network graphics(PNG) format to generate the visually meaningful steganographic image. In our scheme, the hyperchaotic Lorenz system controlled by the hash value of plain image is utilized to construct the scrambling matrix, the measurement matrix and the embedding matrix to achieve higher security. In addition, compared with other existing encryption algorithms, the proposed PNG-based embedding method can blindly extract the cipher image, thus effectively reducing the transmission cost and storage space. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed encryption algorithm has very high visual security.

Vestibular rehabilitation in cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome(CANVAS)-A case report

Background and purpose:Cerebellar ataxia,neuropathy,and vestibular areflexia syndrome(CANVAS)is a neurodegenerative disease of the cerebellum.The disease progression is slow,with up to 25%of people diagnosed needing to use a wheelchair after 15 years from diagnosis.Vestibular symptoms arise from centrally-mediated ocular movement degradation and the reduced vestibular-ocular reflex functioning bilaterally.To date,no report has shown an improvement in VOR gain or gait outcome measures in someone with CANVAS after a course of vestibular physical therapy.Case description:A 65-year-old male,Patient X,first noticed symptoms in his fourth decade of life and was diagnosed with(CANVAS)in his seventh decade.Patient X reported numbness and tingling in his hands and feet,decreased ability to perform daily activities,and several falls.Intervention:Patient X completed a four-month course of vestibular physical therapy,including vestibular ocular reflex exercises,balance training,gait training,and the VestAid application for eye gaze compliance monitoring.The Vestaid application uses eyes and facial recognition software to record the percentage of time that the patient kept their eyes on the target.Outcomes:After vestibular therapy,Patient X had a clinically meaningful improvement in gait speed:from 1.02 m/s to 1.13 m/s and in the Functional Gait Assessment from 20/30 to 27/30.Patient X's eye gaze compliance improved from a median of 43%(range 25e68%)to a median of 67%(58e83%).Discussion:This case study demonstrates that vestibular rehabilitation improved eye gaze compliance and functional outcomes in a person living with CANVAS.

Visually meaningful image encryption algorithm based on digital signature

Traditional image encryption algorithms transform a plain image into a noise-like image.To lower the chances for the encrypted image being detected by the attacker during the image transmission,a visually meaningful image encryption scheme is suggested to hide the encrypted image using another carrier image.This paper proposes a visually meaningful encrypted image algorithm that hides a secret image and a digital signature which provides authenticity and confidentiality.The recovered digital signature is used for the purpose of identity authentication while the secret image is encrypted to protect its confidentiality.Least Significant Bit(LSB)method to embed signature on the encrypted image and Lifting Wavelet Transform(LWT)to generate a visually meaningful encrypted image are designed.The proposed algorithm has a keyspace of 139.5-bit,a Normalized Correlation(NC)value of 0.9998 which is closer to 1 and a Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR)with a value greater than 50 dB.Different analyses are also performed on the proposed algorithm using different images.The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is with high key sensitivity and strong robustness against pepper and salt attack and cropping attack.Moreover,the histogram analysis shows that the original carrier image and the final visual image are very similar.

Flattening the biological age curve by improving metabolic health:to taurine or not to taurine,that’s the question

The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed countries.Although med-ical advances have substantially extended life span,the same cannot be said for the duration of health span.We are seeing in-creasing numbers of elderly people who are frail and/or have multiple chronic conditions;all of these can affect the quality of life of the elderly population as well as increase the burden on the healthcare system.Aging is mechanistically related to common medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus,ischemic heart disease,cognitive decline,and frailty.A recently accepted concept termed‘Accelerated Biological Aging’can be diagnosed when a person’s biological age—as measured by biomarkers of DNA methylation—is older than their corresponding chronological age.Taurine,a conditionally essential amino acid,has received much attention in the past few years.A substantial number of animal studies have provided a strong scientific foundation sug-gesting that this amino acid can improve cellular and metabolic health,including blood glucose control,so much that it has been labelled one of the‘longevity amino acids’.In this review article,we propose the rationale that an adequately powered random-ized-controlled-trial(RCT)is needed to confirm whether taurine can meaningfully improve metabolic and microbiome health,and biological age.This trial should incorporate certain elements in order to provide the much-needed evidence to guide doctors,and also the community at large,to determine whether this promising and inexpensive amino acid is useful in improving human metabolic health.

International Smiling Children Sri Lanka Food Packages Project Launch Ceremony Successfully Held

At 10:30 am local time on October 25th,the ceremony to launch the International Smiling Children Sri Lanka Food Packages Project initiated by the China Foundation for Rural Development(CFRD)was successfully held in Sri Lankan Prime Minister's Office.Sri Lankan Prime Minister Dinesh Gunawardena appreciated the distribution of food packages by the CFRD to children in povertystricken areas in Sri Lanka.He said,Sri Lanka needs to learn from China's experience in poverty reduction to achieve sustainable development.Chinese Ambassador to Sri Lanka Qi Zhenhong said China's experience in poverty reduction is meaningful for Sri Lanka.

Promoting Exchanges and Mutual Learning Among Civilizations and Jointly Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

We live in an Age of Fractures.Humanity is divided along ideological,economic,wealth,cultural,social as well as geographical lines.These fractures occur not only between,but also within States.We are also simultaneously living with threats which threaten us all.Climate change is the most obvious,but lest we forget,there still exists enough nuclear weapons to obliterate the world many times over.It is therefore clear humanity has no choice but to come together,cooperate more closely and more meaningfully.

全球气候治理新动向与中国应对

After more than 30 years of negotiations,a multilateral climate governance system,with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(hereinafter referred to as the Convention),the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement as the key pillars,has been formed worldwide.This system promotes collaboration among all parties to address the challenges of climate change within the framework of sustainable development and to protect the Earth,on which human beings depend.During his speech at the opening ceremony of the Paris Climate Change Conference in 2015,Chinese President Xi Jinping stated,“As an important part of global governance,the global efforts on climate change can be taken as a mirror for us to reflect on what models to have for future global governance and how to build a community of shared future for mankind.Much valuable inspiration may thus be drawn.”1 Climate change is a pressing global crisis and a long-term challenge.It is a global consensus,and a main area for major-power competition to address climate change.In this context,gaining awareness of the latest developments in global climate governance and analyzing the meaningful challenges it presents would hold great practical significance for China’s engagement in global climate governance.

The Impact of Nurses Recognition, and Empowerment Related to Nurses Job Satisfaction at KFSH-D

Introduction: Nurses’ job satisfaction is referring to the level to which people feel that they are able to have an influence on their workplace. Nurse leaders should use a variety of empowerment strategies that are important to nurses’ job satisfaction. Meanwhile, meaningful recognition for nurses is considered a powerful tool to enhance nurses’ sense of self-efficacy especially facing an emotional challenge that may affect their wellbeing. Aim: The aim of the studies is to analyze the importance of nurses’ recognition, and empowerment towards nurses’ job satisfaction at KFSH-D. Method: This study takes the form of a quantitative research methodology, and descriptive-analytical technique. A questionnaire used to gather data from registered nurses employed at King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam (KFSH-D) about the structural empowerment and nurses’ recognition program impact on their job satisfaction. Following the collection of data, the descriptive statistic used to describe the personal characteristics of the respondents, while inferential statistics used to determine the statistical relationship existing between independent variable job satisfaction and the structural empowerment and nurses’ recognition program among the registered nurses at KFSH-D as dependent variables. Recommendation: The researcher only focuses on the in-patient units, future studies, are recommended to focus on every dimension and category level of units. Apart from that, when looking into job satisfaction and empowerment, to be more specific, the researcher could investigate another dimension by comparing age, and clinical working experience which may provide a depth of understanding of the contribution perception of structural empowerment. Conclusion: The findings of the studies reveal recognition and empowerment are assets to make nurses stay and increase their level of job satisfaction and task assignments.

Unearthing The Past

Huang Bin,a 28-year-old archaeologist,considers his work both boring and repetitive and interesting and meaningful at the same time.This contradiction reflects a personality trait-he is introvert but can be very expressive when it comes to archaeology.After obtaining his master’s degree in cultural heritage and museum from Wuhan University in Hubei Province,he found a job at the Xiaoshan Museum in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,in December 2019.

Enjoy Reading,Enjoy Ourselves

Hello,my friends!I’m Mike.I’m a boy student in Class 1703 of Tianxin Experimental Primary School,Changsha City,Hunan Province.As a primary school student,I enjoy reading very much.As an old saying goes,“Books are the ladder of the human progress.”Therefore,I think reading is good for us,and we should read more.In my opinion,history books are interesting and helpful,science books are like fairy tales,space stories are exciting,and fable books are meaningful.

英语自学口语考试指导(17)

上期的第二个话题是True Friendship,“友谊”是大家所熟悉的名词,在体育比赛中我们提倡“友谊第一、比赛第二”;在外交事务中我们致力于巩固和发展同其他国家的友谊;而在日常生活中友谊又时刻与我们相伴。那么,究竟什么是友谊,真正的友谊又从何而来,友谊到底有哪些作用呢?

Teaching Guided By the Cognitive Principle

It is necessary to invite the cognitive principle to improve our language teaching method and make the learning process more effectively.Compared with the traditional teacher-centered teaching method,language teaching guided by the cognitive principle can change the role of teacher and students.Teachers should pay more attention to form students' autonomy learning ability,increase their motivation and help students find balance between investing efforts and getting results.Meaningful learning should be adopted during teaching and anticipation of reward also works effectively.

TEACHING IS AN ART

Edelweiss, edelweiss, Every morning you greet me, Small and white, clean and bright, You look happy to meet me. Blossom some of snow may you bloom and grow, Bloom and grow forever, Edelweiss, edelweiss, Bless my homeland forever. Do you hear of this beautiful song? Yes, I think most of you know it.

Ultrabroad Terahertz Bandpass Filter Based on a Multiple-Layered Metamaterial with Flexible Substrates

An ultrabroad and sharp transition bandpass flexible terahertz(THz)filter is designed using a multiple-layered metamaterial.This bandpass filter has excellent filtering capability,with a 3 dB bandwidth of about 0.47 THz and sharp band-edge transitions of 80 dB/THz and 96 dB/THz,respectively,and it can be realized by a coupling individual resonance mode.We find that the geometry parameters have an influence on the transmission profile,which are capable of giving us meaningful guidance in design of high profile bandpass THz filters.The numerical results show that the multiple-layered flexible metamaterial provides an effective way to achieve ultrabroad THz devices.

Post hoc power analysis:is it an informative and meaningful analysis?

Power analysis is a key component for planning prospective studies such as clinical trials. However, some journals in biomedical and psychosocial sciences ask for power analysis for data already collected and analysed before accepting manuscripts for publication. In this report, post hoc power analysis for retrospective studies is examined and the informativeness of understanding the power for detecting significant effects of the results analysed, using the same data on which the power analysis is based, is scrutinised. Monte Carlo simulation is used to investigate the performance of posthoc power analysis.