Efficiency of Different Methods for dsRNA Delivery in Cotton Bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera)

RNAi trigged by dsRNA not only facilitates the development of molecular biology, but also initiates a new way for pest control by silence of fatal genes. However, one of the key limitations in pest control is lack of the convenient and efficient method for dsRNA delivery. In this study, different dsRNA delivery methods at their own optimum conditions were evaluated comparatively for their efficiency with Helicoverpa armigera as test animal. It was found that the popular one- time injection of larvae with dsRNA could reduce the pupation rate by 43.0% and enhance larva mortality by 11.7%. One- time ingestion of dsRNA did not result in any significant effect on phenotype. Continuous ingestion of in vitro synthesized dsRNA by refreshing the bait diet every day caused 40.4% decrease in successful pupation and 10.0% increase in larval mortality, which was similar as one-time injection. The most efficient method was found to be the continuous ingestion of the bacteria containing dsRNA expressed, which reduced the rate of pupation by 68.7% and enhanced the larval mortality by 34.1%. Further analysis found that dsRNA was degraded faster in midgut juice than in hemolymph. However, the cell of bacteria could protect dsRNA and delay the degradation in the midgut juice of H. armigera. These results throw light on the application of dsRNA in pest management with proper ways.

Gene transformation by in situ pistil delivery method in Brassica

Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation in Brassica crops is a time-con-suming and labor-cost method （tissue culture and plant regeneration） in a genotype-depen-dent way. Here we described a new method 7n situ pistil delivery （ISPDy method with no tissue culture and adaptive to three Brassica species. Briefly this method can be stated as placement of a liquid drop containing binary vector DNA onto the cut surface of emasculated and artificial pollinated Brassica stigma. Transformation rate （Basta-resistant seedlings per 100 pistils） of different species ranged from 0.4% to 16.3%. Factors affecting transforma-tion success included tinning and buffer type. PCR and Southern blot confirmed transgenic events. Reciprocal cross showed reporter gene steadily inherited in nuclear transformed pattern. GUS histochemical assay of transgenic immature seeds showed stained embroys and endosperm in the same seed, indicating DNA delivered through style and integrated into Brassica seed/genome after double fertilization.

Development of PLGA micro-and nanorods with high capacity of surface ligand conjugation for enhanced targeted delivery

Particle shape has been recognized as one of the key properties of nanoparticles in biomedical applications including targeted drug delivery.Targeting ability of shape-engineered particles depends largely on targeting ligands conjugated on the particle surface.However,poor capacity for surface ligand conjugation remains a problem in anisotropic nanoparticles made with biodegradable polymers such as PLGA.In this study,we prepared anisotropic PLGA nanoparticles with abundant conjugatable surface functional groups by a film stretching-based fabrication method with poly(ethylene-alt-maleic acid)(PEMA).Scanning electron microscopy images showed that microrods and nanorods were successfully fabricated by the PEMA-based film stretching method.The presence of surface carboxylic acid groups was confirmed by confocal microscopy and zeta potential measurements.Using the improved film-stretching method,the amount of protein conjugated to the surface of nanorods was increased three-fold.Transferrin-conjugated,nanorods fabricated by the improved method exhibited higher binding and internalization than unmodified counterparts.Therefore,the PEMA-based film-stretching system presented in this study would be a promising fabrication method for non-spherical biodegradable polymeric micro-and nanoparticles with high capacity of surface modifications for enhanced targeted delivery.

Research and comprehensive evaluation on delivery schemes of the Grand Inga hydropower station

Congo River has abundant hydropower resources,and large-scale cascade power stations,such as the Grand Inga,can be constructed in downstream locations.However,the fragile economic foundations of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and neighbor!ng Central African countries,and the small-scale regional power consumption market prohibit the implementation of large-scale hydro power projects.As the high-voltage,I on g-dista nee power transmission tech no logy matures,hydropower from the Grand Inga can be delivered to load centers in other regions of Africa.This study establishes a 6 dime nsional comprehe nsive assessment model using the best-worst method to evaluate large-scale,I on g-distance,cross-border power intercon necti on projects.The model is applied to evaluate all the can didate in ter-regional power delivery schemes of the Inga III hydropower station,and the evaluation results can effectively help investment institutions and policy makers in policy making and potential market targeting.

Performance Analysis of Magnetic Nanoparticles during Targeted Drug Delivery:Application of OHAM

In recent years,the emergence of nanotechnology experienced incredible development in the field of medical sciences.During the past decade,investigating the characteristics of nanoparticles during fluid flow has been one of the intriguing issues.Nanoparticle distribution and uniformity have emerged as substantial criteria in both medical and engineering applications.Adverse effects of chemotherapy on healthy tissues are known to be a significant concern during cancer therapy.A novel treatment method of magnetic drug targeting(MDT)has emerged as a promising topical cancer treatment along with some attractive advantages of improving efficacy,fewer side effects,and reduce drug dose.During magnetic drug targeting,the appropriate movement of nanoparticles(magnetic)as carriers is essential for the therapeutic process in the blood clot removal,infection treatment,and tumor cell treatment.In this study,we have numerically investigated the behavior of an unsteady blood flowinfused with magnetic nanoparticles during MDT under the influence of a uniform external magnetic field in a microtube.An optimal homotopy asymptotic method(OHAM)is employed to compute the governing equation for unsteady electromagnetohydrodynamics flow.The influence of Hartmann number(Ha),particle mass parameter(G),particle concentration parameter(R),and electro-osmotic parameter(k)is investigated on the velocity of magnetic nanoparticles and blood flow.Results obtained show that the electro-osmotic parameter,along with Hartmann’s number,dramatically affects the velocity of magnetic nanoparticles,blood flow velocity,and flow rate.Moreover,results also reveal that at a higher Hartman number,homogeneity in nanoparticles distribution improved considerably.The particle concentration andmass parameters effectively influence the capturing effect on nanoparticles in the blood flow using a micro-tube for magnetic drug targeting.Lastly,investigation also indicates that the OHAM analysis is efficient and quick to handle the system of nonlinear equations.

The Pubic Arch Angle： A Study on the Predictability of Labor and Delivery

Study objective： to verify if the PAA （angle of the pubic arch） is a predictive data for the mode of delivery, the duration of labour and the expulsion period. Methods： we chose to measure the PAA in 100 women recruited, chosen from the 38th to the 42th week of gestation. The method involves the use of two-dimensional transperineal ultrasound. Data collection took place over a period of time from May to September 2015. The ante-partum data taken into consideration were the patient’s name and surname, PAA, parity, age, height; those acquired in the post-partum provide for the calculation in minutes of the active phase of labor, the duration of the expulsion period, the execution of the amniorrhexis and the use of the synthetic oxytocin, the fetal cranial circumference, the fetal weight and the position of the presented part. Results： results discovered ultrasoundly 100 PAA, with an average value of 115.5° and we proceeded by evaluating 90 vaginal births. Infants at birth had a CC with an average value of 34.5 mm. By relating the two variables PAA and CC for the dependent variable “period expulsion in minutes”, confirming that the expulsive period depends on the relationship between PAA and CC. The average of the minutes of the expulsion period is 50＇ in women with a PAA 〉 111.5° and a CC 〉 34.5 mm while in women with an PAA 〉 111.5° the media time is 30＇ regardless of the CC. It has been shown that oxytocin and amniorrhexis reduce the minutes of the expulsion period only in a case of PAA 〉 111.5° and a CC 〉 34.5 mm bringing them from 60＇ to 23＇. Conclusion： the duration of the active phase of labor is not influenced by the PAA but it depends on external factors. In the case of the expulsion period, a predictability of the PAA on its duration is shown if the CC is taken into consideration; as regards the influence of the PAA on the method of delivery, it was not possible to carry out any analysis since all the useful cases had vaginal delivery.

Semantic Complex Event Detection System of Express Delivery Business with Data Support From Multidimensional Space

The express delivery induslry of China is relatively backward in the automation degree of critical business processes. The basic reason is that the business-related supporting data, which is scattered in the multidimensional space, is difficult to utilize and process. This paper proposes an automatic data acquisition fi-amework to resolve such difficulty, which synthetically utilize intelligent inemet of things （IoT）, semantic web and complext event processing （CEP） technology. We also implement a SCEP prototype system with the capability of real-time detecting complex business events on the goods sorting line, which adopts a detection method consisting of four stages. The simulation results show that the system has good performance and feasible enough to deal with the complex business which need data support fTom multidimensional space.

计划行为理论无痛分娩结合接生手法对初产妇分娩出血量、会阴损伤及分娩疼痛的影响

目的:探讨计划行为理论无痛分娩结合接生手法对初产妇分娩出血量、会阴损伤、分娩疼痛的影响。方法:选取2021年8月-2022年7月拟在本院接受无痛分娩的初产妇92例,根据随机数字表法分成干预组与对照组各46例,对照组给予常规分娩护理,干预组给予基于计划行为理论无痛分娩结合接生手法,比较两组出血量、产程、会阴损伤情况、简化版McGill疼痛问卷(SF-MPQ)评分及舒适度。结果:干预组产后2h(185.96±13.47ml)、24h(216.15±21.09ml)出血量均少于对照组(243.11±25.53ml、291.66±29.25ml),第一、二、三产程及总产程短于对照组,会阴损伤情况较对照组轻,SF-MPQ量表视觉模拟评分(3.15±0.88分)、疼痛分级指数(16.32±2.57分)、疼痛强度(1.83±0.45分)均低于对照组(4.67±1.12分、20.81±5.09分、2.47±0.62分),舒适状况量表评分高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:实施计划行为理论无痛分娩结合接生手法,能够减少初产妇分娩出血量和会阴损伤,减轻初产妇疼痛,提高身心舒适度。

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN PROJECT DELIVERY:A DISCUSSION ON CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS

Sustainability principles have become an integral part of the design and construc-tion process for many new construction projects. The selection of the project delivery method (PDM) is extremely important in the effective execution of the project, and plays a critical role in establishing communication and coordination between the key entities: owner, architect, and contractor. The goal of this paper is to hopefully serve as a starting point for further discussion to improve on the AEC industry’s current integration of sustainability principles in PDMs. The first step consists of an assessment of current project delivery systems from a sustainable design perspective. This is followed by a determination of the current limitations, and examination of the various disrup-tions in the industry. Various literature sources are analyzed to form a framework to discuss improvements and optimization strategies beyond the current system. Thereafter, proposed solutions are introduced at both stakeholders, as well as PDM scales. In this paper, the focus for the conducted analysis and proposed method-ologies is predicated on new construction projects instead of retrofits due to the resources available. However, the principles can similarly be applied to retro-fit scenarios as well, depending on the specific requirements of the individual project at play.

产前5P催乳法对促进初产妇产后泌乳量及母乳喂养率效果

目的:探讨产前5P催乳法对促进初产妇产后泌乳量及母乳喂养率效果.方法:选取2022年8月-2023年8月在本院产科产前检查并住院分娩的初产妇200例为研究对象,随机分为对照组(100例)采用传统的产后常规催乳手法催乳,观察组(100例)孕满37周时采用产前5P催乳法催乳.比较两组泌乳始动时间、泌乳量(产后24h、48h、72h)、乳房肿胀程度、不良事件、母乳喂养率、新生儿第一次胎便时间和大便转黄时间.结果:观察组宫颈成熟时间、进入临产时间和总产程时间短于对照组,泌乳始动时间(21.48±3.01h)短于对照组(27.83±2.48h)、产后24h、48h、72h泌乳量(39.1±2.0ml、80.6±5.3ml、148.3±28.5ml)、母乳喂养率(94.0%)均高于对照组(31.3±2.4ml、67.3±2.5ml、115.0±12.4ml、67.0%),乳房肿胀程度Ⅱ级(7.0%)和Ⅲ级(5.0%)比例低于对照组(15.0%、29.0%),不良事件率(17.0%)低于对照组(57.0%),新生儿第一次胎便时间、大便转黄时间均短于对照组(均P<0.05).结论:产前5P催乳法可促进初产妇泌乳,提高母乳喂养率,降低乳房肿胀等不良事件发生率.

考虑个体客户满意度的多车程生鲜品配送路径优化

随着生鲜电商的兴起,生鲜品的道路运输量越来越大,其配送任务越来越复杂,提升客户满意度是生鲜品配送的重要目标组成。文章以一个具有配送自主权的生鲜品供应商为研究对象,以整个计划周期内生鲜品配送的车辆运输成本最小及客户满意度最大为双目标,且客户满意度从顾客的个体视角考虑,构建双目标多车程带时间窗及考虑订单打包时间的车辆路径优化模型。基于ε-约束方法,设计了两阶段变邻域搜索(VNS)和模拟退火(SA)相结合的元启发式算法,基于车辆构造初始路线,并针对性地提出了3点改进措施,包括通过数学性质推导下界、减少求解过程中不必要的搜索空间以及规避求解过程中被支配解的后优化处理。最后,以Solomon标准算例为基础构造算例对所设计的算法进行了计算实验,其求解结果表明:其设计的算法具有有效性,并通过敏感性分析得出相关管理启示。

不同分娩方式对盆底肌功能及产后康复效果的影响

目的探讨不同分娩方式对产妇产后盆底肌功能康复效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2022年5月至2023年5月收治的120例产妇的临床资料,根据分娩方式的不同分为顺产组和剖宫产组,各60例。两组产妇均予相同的产后康复治疗措施,检测盆底肌功能,观察其产后康复效果。结果顺产组产妇的康复总有效率为96.67%,与剖宫产组的100.00%无显著差异(P>0.05)。康复治疗前,顺产组的压力性尿失禁发生率为23.33%,盆腔器官脱垂率为13.33%,均显著高于剖宫产组产妇的3.33%和1.67%(P<0.05)。康复治疗后,顺产组的压力性尿失禁发生率为5.00%,盆腔器官脱垂率为3.33%,与剖宫产组产妇无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论顺产会造成较明显的盆底肌功能损伤,经产后康复治疗后可达到和剖宫产相当的康复效果,盆底功能障碍大幅减少。

头位分娩评分法在4000例孕妇分娩过程中的应用

目的 探讨头位分娩评分法在孕妇分娩过程中的应用价值。方法 选取2020年1月—2022年12月于郑州市妇幼保健院进行建档住院的4 000例待产分娩孕妇作为研究对象,所有孕妇在宫口已开时都给予头位分娩评分,观察与记录所有孕妇的分娩方式与头位分娩评分法状况,记录新生儿出生1 min与出生5 min的Apgar评分,记录所有孕妇的产后并发症发生情况。结果 在4 000例孕妇中,Apgar评分≤8分者156例、9~10分者894例、≥11分者2 950例。不同头位分娩评分法孕妇的年龄、孕周、孕次、产次对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。≤8分者的剖宫产率为100.0%,9~10分者、≥11分者分别为35.3%、5.7%,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。≤8分者、9~10分者、≥11分者的新生儿出生1 min与出生5 min的Apgar评分对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。≤8分者、9~10分者、≥11分者的产后发热、产后出血、产后血肿、产后尿潴留等并发症发生率为分别为13.5%、2.0%、0.2%,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 头位分娩评分法在产科中处理头位分娩时具有指导价值,值得推广应用。

基于合成控制法与机器学习的新品卷烟投放策略研究

目前,新品卷烟投放预测存在数据区间较短、数据波动较大等问题,制约了传统基于时间序列的卷烟投放模型在新品卷烟上的应用。为解决这一问题,创新性地将合成控制法与机器学习模型结合,采用稳定的成熟卷烟产品销量趋势对新品卷烟的销量趋势进行模拟和校准。以广西玉林市18个月卷烟销售数据为研究样本,将真龙(海韵中支)作为研究对象,基于随机森林算法对数据中缺失值进行相应处理后,通过合成控制法计算成熟卷烟产品对新品卷烟的拟合权重。应用效果检验发现,基于长短期记忆模型(LSTM)对新品卷烟预测的准确率仅为33.31%,在加入模型标签体系的多种机器学习模型后,集成学习模型(Weighted Ensemble)算法准确率可达到88.56%。最终,在将合成控制法和多种机器学习模型融合后,算法准确率达到了94.17%。该算法解决了当前新品卷烟销量预测局限性问题,并填补了新品卷烟投放模型的研究空白。

即时配送服务质量与消费者满意度研究——基于熵值法与IPA分析法

作为即时零售履约的最后一环和即时经济发展的基础设施,即时配送扮演着至关重要的作用。本研究基于物流服务质量评价的SERVQUAL模型、 LSQ模型、卡诺(Kano)模型与统计分析等方法,结合《2022中国即时物流行业研究报告》的研究分析,以及GB/T 42500-2023 《即时配送服务规范》国家标准为参照支撑,构建即时零售下即时配送服务水平评价指标体系,运用熵值法确定各指标权重,在IPA模型分析框架下,运用SPSS 27.0软件测算出各指标的重要性及满意度均值与P-I的均值差,结合即时物流配送服务题项因子均值IPA分析图,提出物流企业应合理设置最迟送达时长,改进配送商品的工具和绿色环保货品包装设施,提升“配送的准时率”,解决配送商品包装不易拆卸的问题,即时物流配送平台也应加强对配送人员进行充分的岗前培训并优化完善消费者评价体系,提升全面服务水平,通过优化配送路径,高效精准配单以及合理设置并通过电话、短信等提醒,主动与消费者沟通等精准提升策略,更有效地提高配送服务质量,也为即时零售企业寻求更好的即时配送解决方案提供有益借鉴。

分娩方式对“二孩”产妇产后盆底肌电的影响

目的探讨分娩“二孩”的产妇盆底肌电情况,为促进产妇盆底康复提供相关临床依据。方法选取2019年12月至2022年1月在福建省妇幼保健院产后盆底筛查的7629例分娩两次的产妇作为研究对象,采用Glazer盆底表面肌电评估方案采集盆底肌电值,按照分娩方式分为顺产-剖宫产组(631例,编号为“1组”)、剖宫产-顺产组(158例,编号为“2组”)、剖宫产-剖宫产组(2202例,编号为“3组”)与顺产-顺产组(4638例,编号为“4组”),比较四组产后盆底肌电值的特征。结果1组的前静息阶段平均值、快速收缩最大值、紧张收缩阶段平均值、耐力收缩阶段平均值、后静息阶段平均值高于2组、4组,低于3组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组的前静息阶段平均值、快速收缩最大值、紧张收缩阶段平均值、耐力收缩阶段平均值、后静息阶段平均值高于2组、4组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论“二孩”产后盆底肌电特征主要与二孩分娩方式有关。阴道分娩对盆底肌的损害大于剖宫产,剖宫产对盆底肌有保护作用,但容易导致静息电位升高。

新时代我国快递业监管问题及对策研究

进入新时代,我国快递业规模持续领跑全球,快递业在推动经济增长、稳定就业等方面影响显著。结合2018-2023年快递业统计数据,从快递业监管现状出发,分析当前快递业监管存在监管人员数量与能力不足、监管方式落后单一、行业协会自律作用不明显等问题,探索并针对性提出了增加监管人员数量,提升监管人员能力;丰富快递业监管方式;加强行业协会建设,增强行业自律作用等对策建议。

mRNA疫苗和药物:癌症免疫治疗的新宠儿

新型冠状病毒感染(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)mRNA疫苗成功研制,使得mRNA疫苗和药物成为癌症免疫治疗的一个有前途的平台。mRNA癌症疫苗和药物具有高效、安全、开发快速和经济成本低等优势。研究人员对mRNA疫苗的组成成分和递送载体进行了系统性优化,克服了其稳定性差、具有固有免疫原性和体内递送效率低等问题,使COVID-19 mRNA疫苗获批临床应用。尽管还没有mRNA癌症疫苗和药物获批临床应用,但是编码肿瘤抗原、治疗性抗体、细胞因子、肿瘤抑制因子、溶瘤病毒、CRISPR-Cas9、嵌合抗原受体(CAR)、T细胞受体(TCR)mRNA癌症疫苗和药物已经在临床前研究中显示出疗效,并且有一些已经进入临床试验。同时mRNA癌症疫苗和药物与检查点抑制剂联合应用,在临床试验中已取得显著有效的成果。本文对mRNA疫苗和药物的免疫机制、分类、修饰方法、递送系统、多种癌症疫苗和药物的临床应用现状和该领域当前挑战以及未来前景进行了综述,并期待mRNA癌症疫苗和药物尽快的应用于临床,使患者受益。

基于改进人工势场法的医疗配送机器人路径规划

随着科技的高速发展和近几年新冠疫情的影响,医疗配送机器人开始逐步出现在各大医疗机构中,然而传统医疗配送机器人在使用人工势场算法进行路径规划时存在局部最优解和目标不可达问题。因此,针对局部最优解问题,提出了设计虚拟目标点的方法,将机器人从局部最优状态解救出来;针对目标不可达问题,在障碍物斥力势场函数中引入了目标距离函数对障碍物斥力进行限制,从而解决目标不可达问题。最后将该方法在多种复杂环境中与传统算法进行比较验证,实验结果表明,该改进算法能够解决传统算法存在的局部最优解和目标不可达问题,在算法效率上也提高了5%~9%,并且能够有效运用于实际场景。

改良式子宫下段切口外下缘娩头法在重复剖宫产术中的临床应用

目的:探究改良式子宫下段切口外下缘娩头法在重复剖宫产术中的临床应用效果。方法:选取2023年1—7月九江市妇幼保健院妇产科收治的重复剖宫产孕妇80例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为研究组(40例)和对照组(40例)。对照组采用常规剖宫产娩头法,研究组采用改良式子宫下段切口外下缘娩头法。比较两组临床效果。结果:研究组剖宫产手术时间、切开子宫至胎头娩出时间及产后住院时间均短于对照组,产妇不良事件发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿不良事件发生率与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组产后出血量少于对照组,新生儿Apgar评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对于重复剖宫产临床分娩,改良式子宫下段切口外下缘娩头法能够有效降低产后不良结局的发生风险性,同时可以改善产妇围手术期指标,促进术后恢复与母婴健康。