Stability evaluation method of large cross-section tunnel considering modification of thickness-span ratio in mechanized operation

Purpose-This study aims to research the large cross-section tunnel stability evaluation method corrected after considering the thickness-span ratio.Design/methodology/approach-First,taking the Liuyuan Tunnel of Huanggang-Huangmei High-Speed Railway as an example and taking deflection of the third principal stress of the surrounding rock at a vault after tunnel excavation as the criterion,the critical buried depth of the large section tunnel was determined.Then,the strength reduction method was employed to calculate the tunnel safety factor under different rock classes and thickness-span ratios,and mathematical statistics was conducted to identify the relationships of the tunnel safety factor with the thickness-span ratio and the basic quality(BQ)index of the rock for different rock classes.Finally,the influences of thickness-span ratio,groundwater,initial stress of rock and structural attitude factors were considered to obtain the corrected BQ,based on which the stability of a large cross-section tunnel with a depth of more than 100 m during mechanized operation was analyzed.This evaluation method was then applied to Liuyuan Tunnel and Cimushan No.2 Tunnel of Chongqing Urban Expressway for verification.Findings-This study shows that under different rock classes,the tunnel safety factor is a strict power function of the thickness-span ratio,while a linear function of the BQ to some extent.It is more suitable to use the corrected BQ as a quantitative index to evaluate tunnel stability according to the actual conditions of the site.Originality/value-The existing industry standards do not consider the influence of buried depth and span in the evaluation of tunnel stability.The stability evaluation method of large section tunnel considering the correction of overburden span ratio proposed in this paper achieves higher accuracy for the stability evaluation of surrounding rock in a full or large-section mechanized excavation of double line high-speed railway tunnels.

Exploration of the Inner Laws of Urbanization Economic Operation and Application Analysis

Exploring the inner law of the economic operation of urbanization can understand the regulation mechanism of the optimal distribution of urban resource allocation. In this regard, we propose to explore and analyze the inner law of urbanization economic operation and its application. The study found that the urbanization economy originated from the urban agglomeration effect, which includes the agglomeration economic operation mechanism and spillover effect operation mechanism, based on which three kinds of inner laws of urbanization economic operation are explored, combined with the economic operation law, the non-equilibrium state of the declining cities are regulated and applied, and the results show that the analysis of the inner laws of urbanization economic operation has a direct significance in guiding the real economic process.

Research on Enterprise Operation Mechanism Innovation Under Economic Transformation

With the rapid development of the market economy, complex changes have occurred in the market environment, and the competition among enterprises has become extremely fierce. The transformation of the structure of the market economy has prompted enterprises to seek for new developments and innovations. Under the background of the new economy, enterprises must begin from the perspective of internal management and internal strategic development to ensure quality enterprise operation mechanism innovation. This would help direct enterprise operation and development as well as demonstrate the value of enterprise internal management. In this way, enterprises will be able to array their overall competitiveness. This paper comprises a detailed analysis of the connotation and innovation of enterprise operation mechanism under the economic transformation, with the purpose of investigating the innovation strategy of enterprise operation mechanism under the economic transformation.

The Operation Mechanism of Agricultural Products Supply Chain and Profit Allocation Model in the Context of Asymmetric Information

The research performed analysis on causes of asymmetric information of agricultural product supply chain and made conclusion on operation mechanism and characteristics of supply chain based on asymmetric information. Finally, the research detailed profit sharing of agricultural product supply chain in the context of asymmetric information and proposed suggestions, providing references of pricing and profit sharing of supply chains of agricultural products.

An Analysis of the Operation Mechanism of Chemical Industry Park Ecosystem Based on Theory of Ecological Organization

Based on the theory of ecological organization,this paper analyzes the operation mechanism of chemical industry park(CIP)ecosystem by means of dynamic simulation.The research shows that the CIP ecosystem is a complex ecological system whose operation mechanism includes two levels,namely individual enterprises and ecosystem.At the level of individual enterprise,there are competition,symbiosis,invasion and other interactions between enterprises in the CIP ecosystem.Through the pre-determined judgment of the competition effect coefficient and the symbiosis effect coefficient,we calculate how the enterprises influence each other,and then generate their respective operation paths,andfinally realize the long-term balance of the system.At the level of ecosystem,the CIP ecosystem makes self-organizing and self-adaptive adjustments and changes due to the changes of the exter-nal environment in policy,manpower,technology,capital,market,etc.,thus reaching the equilibrium state of coordinated operation and stable symbiosis with the external environment.

Study on Operation Mechanism of Enterprise＇s Post Monetization Management

Enterprise＇s post monetization management is one of the important achievements of business management innovation. The paper defines the meaning of enterprise＇s post monetization management mechanism, which includes benefit, supply, demand, competition and incentive mechanism, and specifically explains the meaning and function of each subsystem in order to profoundly crystallize and grasp the importance of enterprise＇s post monetization management in the aspect of raising business management level.

Mechanisms of Extending Operation Region in the HL-1M Tokamak

Stable operating region in the HL-1M tokamak has been extended by means of wall conditioning, core fuelling and current control techniques. The mechanisms of the extension are analyzed in this paper. Lithiumization diminishes the impurities and hydrogen recycling to the lowest level. After lithiumization a high density up to 7×1019 m-3 was obtained easily by strong gas puffing with ordinary ohmic discharge alone. More attractively we found that metal Li-coating exhibited the effects of wall stabilization. The low qα limit with higher density was extended by a factor of 1.5-2 in comparison with that for boronization, and 1.2 for siliconization. Siliconization not only extended stable operating region significantly by itself, but also provided a good target plasma for other experiments of raising density limit. Core fuelling schemes are favourable especially for siliconized wall with a higher level of medium-Z impurity (Z = 14). After siliconization the maximum density near to 1020 m-3 was achieved by a combination of supersonic molecule beam injection and multipellet injection. The new defined slope of Hugill limit illustrating more clearly the situation under low qα and high ne discharges was created to indicate the new region extended by combining IP ramp-up with core fuelling. The slope with a large Murakami coefficient increased by a factor of 50-60 %.

Research on the Operation Mechanism and Promotion Path of Crowdfunding for Rural Tourism

This paper studies the operation mechanism of crowdfunding for rural tourism from three aspects:the main body of crowdfunding for rural tourism,driving factors and operating stage.At the same time,this paper analyzes the operation risk of crowdfunding for rural tourism from five aspects:legal risk,information asymmetry risk,capital security risk,interest subject conflict risk and industry development risk.It also puts forward measures and suggestions on the promotion of crowdfunding for rural tourism from four aspects:improving market awareness,providing professional services,issuing relevant laws and regulations and regulating the development of the industry.

China National Textiles I/E Corp Reforms Operational Mechanism

The China National Textiles I/E Corp (Chinatex), one of the foreign trade companies in the country with the biggest import and export value, exported more textiles and expanded its business at home and abroad in 1994, in spite of the shortage of raw materials and the rise in prices. Chinatex’s import and export value totalled US$2.718 billion last year, a rise of 43.9% over the previous year. The quality of the exports also improved. The company’s Beijing branch exported US$370 million worth of goods, 33.3% more than in the previous year. Its enterprises abroad had a turnover of US$1 billion in 1994.

A Study on the Changes of Medical Insurance Operation Mechanism in China

The operating mechanism refers to the structural setup, component assembly and inspection maintenance of the safeguards and its efficient operation. Health insurance management mechanism refers to the effective combination, governance, operation, evaluation and improvement of medical service stakeholders. It is a series of institutional arrangements to effectively provide medical services and safeguard the interests of beneficiaries.＂

The Current State of Guangzhou Standardization and a Study of its Mechanisms of Operation

By analyzing the situations,characteristics and majorproblems affecting Guangzhou's process of standardization,thispaper proposes a new operation mechanism.It is to be built withthe Guangzhou Standardization Leading Group at its core.TheGuangzhou Institute of Standardization should supply technical support,trade associations should act as a bridge between manufacturersand the government to active participation by the majority of enterprisesand society generally.

The Enlightenment and Reference of American Medical Insurance Operation Mechanism to the Modernization of Medical Insurance in China

The United States is unique in terms of health insurance, supplemented by commercial health insurance, supplemented by government medical care and medical assistance, and the United States has been criticized for being the only developed country that has failed to achieve universal health insurance. Although the United States in the health insurance operation also encountered a variety of problems, but its health insurance operation mechanism in the commercial insurance model and legislation first, democratic participation and other experience, it is worth in China＇s medical insurance management in the modernization of learning to learn from.

Speeding Up the Transformation of the Operational Mechanism And Further Developing the International Market

According to customs statistics, China’s exports of machinery and electric products in 1996 were worth US$ 48.21 billion, an increase of 9.9 percent over the preceding year, and 8.4 percent higher than the growth rate of the nation’s total exports. The proportion of machinery and electric product exports in the nation’s total foreign trade volume\ increased from 29.5 percent in 1995 to 31.9 percent in 1996, a growth at 2.4 percent.

A Comparative Study of the Management Mode of Sino- American Institutions of Higher Learning from the Perspective of the Party-Administrative Power Separation and Operation Mechanism

In this paper, we research on the higher education management mode of China and America based on the perspective of operation mechanism, separation of school and the government. As the thought of higher education management theory or a form, we jump out of the labyrinth of modernism manages view and the introduction of totally different from the modernist paradigm, from the angle of the theory research of postmodernism manages view. The paper is organized as the follows. In the first section, we generally introduce the basic concepts of higher education management and the relationship of the schools and government. Then, by comparing the pattern of the Chinese and the American, we analyze the difference in detail. Finally, we set up the prospect and the conclusion. In conclusion, our method combines the advantages of the American higher education management model which will be meaningful.

Deconstructing the Configuration of Power:Power Hierarchy and Its Operational Mechanism in Blasted

Blasted(1995)is knitted by Sarah Kane as a huge and intricate net of power,among whose threads every character gets entangled.By deconstructing the configuration of power from two dimensions:body shame,the seen body,we are disclosed how power hierarchy is established.In Blasted,Kane deconstructs the power game by revealing its alienating effect on people,dissolves civilized humans:once stripped off the veneer of civilization,the repressed animality residing in humans would take hold and re⁃duce us to barbarians,still the play hints that humanistic love can function as a alternative to power in ruling the world.

The Study on Multinational Operation Risk-Defense System Based on Corporate Governance Mechanism

：With the unceasing globalization development of MNCs＇ business and connnuous intensify in international competition, the managers of MNCs find that the strategy decisions they are faced on are becoming more complicated, and they have deeply realized that the perception and defense of the international risk has the impact on their strategy decisions. The thesis, proceeding with analyzing and evaluating risk types in the course of enterprises developing in the international markets, based on the integration international risk perception model, utilizing relative theories and study thoughts of the corporate governance mechanisms, especially the relative studies on overseas enterprises＇ governance mechanisms, explores how to use the corporate governance mechanisms to build the defense system against international risks. Meanwhile, the thesis further discusses the risks our native enterprises have suffered from during the multinational operation in detail, explores its reasons and offers the defense measures of all sorts of risk.

The configuration mechanism of English and Chinese double-object construction for verbs of creation

Verbs of creation in English and Chinese demonstrate asymmetries in its projection to double-object construction. But underling the projection process there is a uniform operation mechanism, namely that the configuration is affected by the interaction between the Meaning Assignment Principle （MAP）, the Distance Principle of Iconicity （DPI） and the Lexical Feature Constraints （LFC）, among which MAP and DPI are inviolable due to its cross-linguistic universality. Once LFC is violated, there must be compensation on the part of DPI, otherwise, the verb of creation in question would be unacceptable to double-object construction.

Advances in Studies about Rural Financial Poverty Alleviation from the Perspective of Targeted Poverty Alleviation

With the objective of building a well-off society in an all-round way reaching the decisive stage,poverty alleviation enters the final stage,and rural financial poverty alleviation is increasingly becoming a hot topic of various circles of society. In order to accelerate the poverty alleviation and provide references and recommendations for further development of theory and practice of financial poverty alleviation,this paper made an overview of the organization system,operation mechanism and service products of rural financial poverty alleviation,elaborated the development path of financial poverty alleviation,and came up with recommendations for financial poverty alleviation.

Green Energy Development System under the Background of Environmental Sustainability

With the continuous advancement of economic globalization,energy demand is expanding and energy consumption is excessive,which leads to energy shortage.Unreasonable energy use also brings great challenges to the environment and affects the balance of the ecosystem seriously.The rise of the third industrial revolution has injected new vitality into energy system.The construction of energy Internet system,which integrates Internet technology and energy technology,has become a new energy system of sustainable development.It has put forward the reform scheme for the mismatch of energy demand points and environmental pollution.The deepening of sustainable development strategy accelerates the promotion of energy Internet system,promotes the large-scale utilization and sharing of renewable energy.It also provides a new idea for realizing green energy structure and efficient energy utilization.Firstly,based on the core concept of energy Internet system,this paper reviews the relevant research on energy Internet system in academic and industrial circles,and gives the preliminary definition of energy Internet system market.On this basis,it puts forward the development goal of energy Internet system market.It compares the new energy Internet system market with the traditional single energy market,highlighting the characteristics of energy Internet system market,it is reflected in the diversified transformation of market trading subjects,the diversification of market trading objects,the increasing dependence of information technology and the improvement of the matching degree of supply and demand.Then,the integrated architecture of of the energy Internet system market is carried out,and the issues related to the transaction mode and operation mechanism of the energy Internet system market are discussed.Finally,the frontier problems of energy Internet system market are summarized,and the research prospect of energy Internet system market is put forward.

Controlling Agricultural Tridimensional Pollution through Circular Economy Mechanism

Agricultural tridimensional pollution （AtriP） has multi-directional and complicated chains. Circular economy is found to be an efficient mechanism that can help control AtriP. The application of three circular economic modes in agriculture and its related industries call not only interdict the AtriP chains in different stages and different directions, but also produce greater ecological, social and economical returns with less input. Nevertheless, it is a complicated systematic engineering to construct and implement effective circular economic modes to bring AtriP under control, and it depends not only on the support of the relevant technology system, but also on the supports of the relevant policies and law systems.