BanXiaXieXin decoction treating gastritis mice with drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori and its mechanism

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is the main pathogen that causes a variety of upper digestive diseases.The drug resistance rate of H.pylori is increasingly higher,and the eradication rate is increasingly lower.The antimicrobial resistance of H.pylori is an urgent global problem.It has been confirmed that Banxia Xiexin decoction(BXXXT)demonstrates the effects of treating gastrointestinal diseases,inhibiting H.pylori and protecting gastric mucosa.The purpose of the present study is to further explore the therapeutic effects of BXXXT on drug-resistant H.pylori.AIM To confirm that BXXXT demonstrates therapeutical effects in vivo and in vitro on gastritis mice with drug-resistant H.pylori and explain its mechanism to provide an experimental basis for promoting the application of BXXXT.METHODS The aqueous extract of BXXXT was gained by water decocting method.The inhibitory effect of the aqueous extract on H.pylori was detected by dilution in vitro;drug-resistant H.pylori cells were used to build an acute gastritis model in vivo.Thereafter,the model mice were treated with the aqueous extract of BXXXT.The amount of H.pylori colonization,the repair of gastric mucosal damage,changes of inflammatory factors,apoptosis,etc.,were assessed.In terms of mechanism exploration,the main medicinal compositions of BXXXT aqueous extract and the synergistic bacteriostatic effects they had demonstrated were analyzed using mass spectrometry;the immune function of peripheral blood cells such as CD3+T and CD4+T of mice with gastritis before and after treatment with BXXXT aqueous extract was detected using a flow cytometry;the H.pylori transcriptome and proteome after treatment with BXXXT aqueous extract were detected.Differently expressed genes were screened and verification was performed thereon with knockout expression.RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentration of BXXXT aqueous extract against H.pylori was 256-512μg/mL.A dose of 28 mg/kg BXXXT aqueous extract treatment produced better therapeutical effects than the standard triple therapy did;the BXXXT aqueous extract have at least 11 ingredients inhibiting H.pylori,including berberine,quercetin,baicalin,luteolin,gallic acid,rosmarinic acid,aloe emodin,etc.,of which berberine,aloe emodin,luteolin and gallic acid have a synergistic effect;BXXXT aqueous extract was found to stimulate the expressions of CD3+T and CD4+T and increase the number of CD4+T/CD8+T in gastritis mice;the detection of transcriptome and proteome,quantitative polymerase chain reaction,Western blotting and knockout verification revealed that the main targets of BXXXT aqueous extract are CFAs related to urea enzymes,and CagA,VacA,etc.CONCLUSION BXXXT aqueous extract could demonstrate good therapeutic effects on drug-resistance H.pylori in vitro and in vivo and its mechanism comes down to the synergistic or additional antibacterial effects of berberine,emodin and luteolin,the main components of the extract;the extract could activate the immune function and enhance bactericidal effects;BXXXT aqueous extract,with main targets of BXXXT aqueous extract related to urease,virulence factors,etc.,could reduce the urease and virulence of H.pylori,weaken its colonization,and reduce its inflammatory damage to the gastric mucosa.

Effect of Dietary Resistant Starch on Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-related Diseases and Its Possible Mechanisms

Overweight or obesity has become a serious public health problem in the world, scientists are concentrating their efforts on exploring novel ways to treat obesity. Nowadays, the availabilities of bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy have enhanced obesity treatment, but it should has support from diet, physical exercise and lifestyle modification, especially the functional food. Resistant starch, an indigestible starch, has been studied for years for its beneficial effects on regulating blood glucose level and lipid metabolism. The aim of this review is to summarize the effect of resistant starch on weight loss and the possible mechanisms. According to numerous previous studies it could be concluded that resistant starch can reduce fat accumulation, enhance insulin sensitivity, regulate blood glucose level and lipid metabolism. Recent investigations have focused on the possible associations between resistant starch and incretins as well as gut microbiota. Resistant starch seems to be a promising dietary fiber for the prevention or treatment of obesity and its related diseases.

Study on asymmetric thermo-physical effect mechanism of intermediate frequency DC resistance spot welding for aluminum alloy

The asymmetric thermo-physical mechanism of the resistance spot welding technique with intermediate frequency(2 kHz)and direct current(RSWIFDC)on the high strength aluminum(Al)alloy TL091 was studied here in view of the Peltier effect.On the basis of the analysis of the electrode cap surface erosion state and the shape-position of the nugget,it was concluded that asymmetric thermo-physical phenomenon occurred on both ends of the nugget,and even had an influence upon the shape-forming coefficient and the vertical position deviation of the nugget,and the erosion degree of the electrode caps.In this work,the relative thermo-physical model of the welding was established combined with the Peltier effect and the spot welding characteristics.Accordingly the relative welding phenomena,such as nugget center deviation and different erosion degree of the electrode cap surface,was explained clearly using the model related with the Peltier effect for the first time.This model provides important theoretical basis for future study and application of Al alloy spot welding,based on which,effective works may be done to promote the quality of the Al alloy welded joints and to obtain favorable control upon parameters of Al alloy welding for electrode caps.

A novel route to enhance high-temperature mechanical property and thermal shock resistance of low-carbon Mgo-C bricks by introducing ZrSiO_(4)

Conventional MgO-C bricks(graphite content>14 wt.%)produce a great deal of greenhouse gas emission,while low-carbon MgO-C bricks have serious thermal shock resistance during high-temperature service.To enhance the high-temperature mechanical property and thermal shock resistance of low-carbon MgO-C bricks,a novel route of introducing ZrSiO_(4) powder into low-carbon MgO-C bricks was reported in such refractories with 2 wt.% flaky graphite.The results indicate that the low-carbon MgO-C brick with 0.5 wt.%ZrSiO_(4) addition has the maximum hot modulus of rupture at 1400℃ and the corresponding specimen fired in the carbon embedded atmosphere has the maximum residual strength ratio(98.6%)after three thermal shock cycles.It is found that some needle-like AlON and plate-like Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2) composites were in situ formed in the matrices after the low-carbon MgO-C bricks were coked at 1400℃,which can enhance the high-temperature mechanical property and thermal shock resistance due to the effect of fiber toughening and particle toughening.Moreover,CO_(2) emission of the newly developed low-carbon MgO-C bricks is reduced by 58.3% per ton steel after using them as the working lining of a 90 t vacuum oxygen decarburization ladle.

The mechanism underlying overwintering death in poplar:the cumulative effect of effective freeze-thaw damage

We analyzed the relationships linking overwintering death and frost cracking to temperature and sunlight as well as the effects of low temperatures and freeze–thaw cycles on bud-burst rates,relative electrical conductivity,and phloem and cambial ultrastructures of poplar.Overwintering death rates of poplar were not correlated with negative accumulated temperature or winter minimum temperature.Freeze–thaw cycles caused more bud damage than constant exposure to low temperatures.Resistance to freeze–thaw cycles differed among clones,and the budburst rate decreased with increasing exposure to freeze–thaw cycles.Cold-resistant clones had the lowest relative electrical conductivity.Chloroplasts exhibited the fastest and the most obvious reaction to freeze–thaw damage,whereas a single freeze–thaw cycle caused little damage to cambium ultrastructure.Several such cycles resulted in damage to plasma membranes,severe damage to organelles,dehydration of cells and cell death.We conclude that overwintering death of poplar is mainly attributed to the accumulation of effective freeze–thaw damage beyond the limits of freeze–thaw resistance.

Mechanical behavior of electric resistance welded pipes in pipe-making process

The changes in the mechanical behavior of electric resistance welded（ERW） pipes before and after the cage roll forming process were investigated through tensile experiments. It is found that the Bauschinger effect does not exist in the pipe product, while the work hardening effect introduced by pipe-making is the direct cause of the mechanical changes. The prestrain introduced during different pipe-making processes are accumulative to the work hardening effect. And the increment of the yield strength for making Ф 244.48 × 8.94 pipe is approximately 45 MPa, higher than that of hot-rolled plates. It is verified that the strain ε=t/D-t is an efficient index representing the work hardening effect from the engineering viewpoint.

A dissolution-diffusion sliding model for soft rock grains with hydro-mechanical effect

The deformation and failure of soft rock affected by hydro-mechanical（HM） effect are one of the most concerns in geotechnical engineering, which are basically attributed to the grain sliding of soft rock. This study tried to develop a dissolution-diffusion sliding model for the typical red bed soft rock in South China. Based on hydration film, mineral dissolution and diffusion theory, and geochemical thermodynamics, a dissolution-diffusion sliding model with the HM effect was established to account for the sliding rate. Combined with the digital image processing technology, the relationship between the grain size of soft rock and the amplitude of sliding surface was presented. An equation for the strain rate of soft rocks under steady state was also derived. The reliability of the dissolution-diffusion sliding model was verified by triaxial creep tests on the soft rock with the HM coupling effect and by the relationship between the inversion average disjoining pressure and the average thickness of the hydration film. The results showed that the sliding rate of the soft rock grains was affected significantly by the waviness of sliding surface, the shear stress, and the average thickness of hydration film. The average grain size is essential for controlling the steady-state creep rate of soft rock. This study provides a new idea for investigating the deformation and failure of soft rock with the HM effect.

Surface Modification of Parts Material Shape Memory TiNiCo with a View to Providing a Functional and Mechanical Property as a Factor in Resource

The paper presents a complex method of forming the surface-modified layers of materials with shape memory effect, including high-speed flame spraying of powders based on TiNiCo;subsequent thermal and thermomechanical treatment allows the formation of surface layers of nano-sized state that have a high level of functional, mechanical and performance properties;it is shown that the complex processing with a layer of TiNiCo allows a reduction of the porosity of the coatings and increases the strength of the coating’s adhesion to the substrate. It is found that, after treatment with high-speed flame spraying powder shape memory TiNiCo, steel has an increase in cycle life by 30% - 40% in a cycle fatigue and 3 - 3.5 times durability. Based on comprehensive research into the metallophysical surface-modified layer, new information is obtained about the nanoscale composition.

绿原酸抗菌作用及机制的研究进展

绿原酸是植物体在有氧呼吸过程中经莽草酸途径合成的一种苯丙素类物质,自然存在于多种中药材和食物中,杜仲、金银花和咖啡等植物中含量较高,具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌和免疫调节等多种药理活性。近年来,绿原酸作为研究活性物质的焦点之一,因其抗菌谱广,对多种细菌和真菌均有较好的抗菌活性,故绿原酸对临床菌株的抗菌作用逐渐被重视和研究。本文综述了近年来国内外关于绿原酸对多种致病菌的抗菌作用及机制的研究进展,旨在为绿原酸抗菌作用的深入研究提供参考,为临床抗感染治疗和控制带来新思路,有助于绿原酸在医药领域的开发。

原位生长的CNTs@MoS_(2)杂化物增强水性膨胀型防火涂料的耐火和隔热性能

目的设计并研制一种耐火和隔热性能突出的水性膨胀型防火涂料。方法以碳纳米管(CNTs)、四水合钼酸铵、十六烷基溴化铵(CTAB)、硫脲为原料,通过简单的一步水热法原位生长出一种新型的CNTs@MoS_(2)杂化物,并采用FT-IR、XRD、拉曼光谱、SEM等手段对复合杂化物进行表征。再将CNTs@MoS_(2)杂化物作为增效剂分散在水性膨胀型防火涂料(CNTs@MoS_(2)/WES)中,通过大板实验和涂层、炭焦层表面分析评价了涂层的耐火和隔热性能。结果与WES(膨胀倍率为3.90)、CNTs/WES涂层(膨胀倍率为6.04)、MoS_(2)/WES涂层(膨胀倍率为4.59)相比,CNTs@MoS_(2)/WES涂层具有最高的膨胀倍率(8.88)。CNTs@MoS_(2)/WES涂层所涂覆的钢板在燃烧40min后背面温度最低(133.3℃),这充分表明该涂层具有优异的隔热性能。结论制备的CNTs@MoS_(2)杂化物表现出稳定的网络交织结构,有效提高了它在涂料中的分散性能。此外,CNTs@MoS_(2)/WES涂层优异的耐火和隔热性能主要归因于:1)CNTs@MoS_(2)/WES涂层及其炭焦层具有更致密和完整的表面,阻隔了热量的传递;2)CNTs的添加增强了炭焦层的致密性,抑制了膨胀过程中产生的气体泄漏,提升了涂层膨胀倍率;3)MoS_(2)提高了膨胀层强度且促进了炭焦层的形成,减少了裂纹和孔隙的产生。

载流滑动摩擦部件表面失效及其修复技术研究进展

滑动电接触部件在电能传递与转换过程中起着举足轻重的作用,其失效和损伤行为带来的安全因素和经济影响重大,因此对其失效机理和修复技术的研究成为当今热点之一.已有众多学者通过试验和计算机模拟仿真等手段研究了电接触部件的表面损伤机制和寿命预测,至今为止,已研究出载流摩擦部件的表面修复技术多达15种以上,修复材料更是有上百种.本文中首先介绍了电接触的基本概念,从有无电流载入2个角度概述了滑动摩擦部件表面失效形式,并从试验研究及仿真模拟研究2个方面对表面损伤机制的研究方法进行了归纳;最后综述了滑动电接触失效部件的表面修复技术和修复材料体系的研究进展,总结了目前滑动电接触部件研究领域存在的问题,提出了利用试验与仿真模拟相结合探究涂层导电耐磨自润滑机理并优化涂层质量的研究思路.

不同布桩方式下坡体防护双排抗滑桩受力特征模型试验研究

为研究不同布桩方式下双排抗滑桩受力特征,通过开展模型试验,分析不同荷载作用下双排抗滑桩桩顶位移及桩身弯矩变化。研究结果表明,当采用平行布设无连梁布桩方式和平行布设有连梁布桩方式时,前后排抗滑桩桩身最大弯矩均出现在受荷段,且后排抗滑桩桩身最大弯矩大于前排抗滑桩桩身最大弯矩,前后排抗滑桩受力不均衡,可知上述布桩方式不合理,不建议采用。当采用平行有连梁梅花形布桩方式时,初期变形阶段前后排抗滑桩桩顶位移变化基本一致,且在滑坡推力作用下,前后排抗滑桩受力较均衡,可知平行有连梁梅花形布桩方式合理,建议采用。受荷段抗滑桩桩身最大弯矩大于嵌固段抗滑桩桩身最大弯矩,在抗滑桩设计中,可考虑加强受荷段配筋。

唑虫酰胺对甜菜夜蛾亚致死效应及解毒酶活性的影响

为明确唑虫酰胺对甜菜夜蛾的亚致死效应以及甜菜夜蛾对唑虫酰胺的生化抗性机制,本研究在测定10种药剂对甜菜夜蛾室内毒力的基础上,研究了唑虫酰胺LC_(10)、LC_(30)和LC_(50)浓度对甜菜夜蛾生长繁殖和解毒酶活性的影响及甜菜夜蛾的生化抗性机制。结果表明,高浓度处理组(LC_(50))的甜菜夜蛾成虫寿命、羽化率和卵孵化率等均显著低于对照组,低浓度唑虫酰胺(LC_(10))诱导了甜菜夜蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)活性的上升,显著抑制了多功能氧化酶(MFO)的活性;增效试验表明,增效醚(PBO)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)对唑虫酰胺有明显的增效作用。抗性种群的CarE、MFO和GST酶活都显著高于敏感种群。综上,低浓度的唑虫酰胺对甜菜夜蛾的生长发育有显著的抑制作用,MFO、CarE和GST在甜菜夜蛾对唑虫酰胺的抗性中发挥了重要作用。

矿井破碎巷道围岩变形机理分析及支护技术研究

针对矿井破碎巷道在施工中易受围岩破碎、顶底板压力大等因素的影响,存在巷道围岩易变形,难支护安全生产隐患大的问题,以山西某矿10-208破碎巷道工程概况为例,结合巷道围岩变形机理,设计了具体的巷道围岩控制方案,并进行了应用测试,测试结果表明,通过给巷道进行注浆加固与采用锚杆索进行联合支护后,该巷道围岩变形得到了有效控制,该回采巷道过破碎段过程中顶底板最大累计变形量为49.5mm,巷道两帮最大累计变形量为64.6mm,取得了较好的围岩控制效果,可为类似工况下的矿井破碎巷道围岩的控制提供参考。

中草药对多重耐药菌的抑制作用及机制研究进展

抗菌药物的过度使用和滥用导致了多重耐药菌的出现。多重耐药菌感染日趋严重,治疗困难,迫切需要寻找多重耐药菌感染治疗的新型药物。中草药是我国特有的天然资源,具有耐药性低、毒性低、价格低廉等优点,对多重耐药菌具有较好的抑菌效果,且中草药能够通过多种机制发挥抑菌作用。本文收集整理了国内外相关文献,从单味中药、中药复方、中药联合抗菌药物对多重耐药菌的抑菌作用及机制方面作一综述,以期为抗多重耐药菌药物研究提供理论依据。

生物可降解塑料PLA的改性研究进展

介绍了聚乳酸(PLA)材料的性能特点,包括良好的降解性、相容性、易加工、机械强度高、无毒无刺激性;综述了国内外对PLA改性的研究现状,主要包括对PLA的物理改性(共混改性、填充改性、增强改性)和化学改性;并对该材料的应用进行了讨论。

cudraflavone B对MRSA抗菌作用及机制初步研究

考察黄酮类化合物cudraflavone B对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA1001)的抑菌效果和作用机制.采取微量肉汤稀释法测定cudraflavone B的最低抑菌浓度及最低杀菌浓度,并绘制其对MRSA1001的时间—杀菌曲线,进行溶血活性和细胞毒性试验评估其安全性,最后通过扫描电子显微镜观察经cudraflavone B处理后MRSA1001细胞的形态变化.结果表明,cudraflavone B对革兰氏阳性菌表现出明显的抑制作用,杀菌作用较弱,并对MRSA1001表现出一定的浓度依赖性杀菌活性;对人胚胎肾细胞未显示出明显的细胞毒性,对兔红细胞也表现出较低溶血活性,表明其安全性较好;在扫描电子显微镜下观察到,经cudraflavone B处理后的细菌细胞呈现出塌陷并伴有细胞内物质渗出的现象,表明其作用机制可能是通过破坏细菌细胞膜,造成细菌死亡从而达到抗菌效果.cudraflavone B可作为抗菌药物继续发掘其价值.

钻井液用高性能增黏剂的研制及性能评价

为了解决钻井液用增黏剂高温高盐易降解失效的问题,以两性离子单体N-甲基二烯丙基丙磺酸(MAPS)、甲基丙烯酰胺(MAC)、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)为聚合单体,以偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐(AIBA)为引发剂,采用自由基共聚法合成了高性能增黏剂DV-1。通过正交实验对合成过程中的主要影响因素进行了考察,确定了最佳合成条件:反应温度为50℃,单体浓度为40%,引发剂用量为0.4%,反应时间为4 h。利用FTIR,1H-NMR,TG-DTA等方法对DV-1进行了表征测试,并对产物的增黏性能、抗高温抗盐性能及长效性能等进行了评价。评价结果显示,1%的DV-1水溶液表观黏度可达44.7 mPa·s。180℃、16 h高温老化后,溶液黏度保持率高达53.2%;DV-1对高浓度盐离子的耐受性能较好。经180℃老化72 h和120 h后,溶液黏度保持率能够达到50.5%和40.7%,长效性能优异。DV-1的半致死浓度EC50值为30200 mg·L^(−1),符合水基钻井液在海域的排放标准。通过观察DV-1在溶液中的空间立体形态及对Zeta电位的数据分析,探讨了聚合物起效机理,DV-1的抗温性能主要归因于分子结构中稳定的主链及侧链刚性基团,两性离子结构抑制了侧链的持续卷曲,提升了DV-1的抗盐性能。

托底抗拔桩侧摩阻力发挥机理及计算模型研究

抗拔桩有效解决地下水对建筑物产生上浮效果的负面影响。托底抗拔桩将无粘结钢绞线与普通抗拔桩有效结合,充分利用桩体承压性能。基于有效应力法确定桩侧极限摩阻力分布范围,采用双折线荷载传递函数模拟桩侧摩阻力发挥特性,探讨托底抗拔桩的承载力变化规律,建立桩侧摩阻力发挥范围和荷载-位移的计算公式,提出托底抗拔桩承载力计算模型,并与普通抗拔桩性能进行对比。结果表明,相比于传统抗拔桩,托底抗拔桩改善桩体受荷状态,有效提高承载力、降低桩顶位移,具有较好的应用效果。该文研究成果为托底抗拔桩的应用提供理论基础。

Key issues in rock mechanics of the Three Gorges Project in China

The Three Gorges Project is one of the essential key projects for flood controlling and water resources regulation in the Yangtze River. The project includes a river-crossing dam, underground powerhouses, and navigation structures. Because of the huge size and complicated construction technologies, the project faced a series of challenging engineering issues. In terms of rock mechanics, there are many key technical issues, including the sliding resistance and stability of the dam section along the foundations of powerhouses No.l-5, the ,,;lope stability of the double-line five-stage shiplock, excavation of large-scale underground powerhouses, and curtain grouting under the dam. With decades of scientific research and 16 years of practical construction experiences and reservoir operations, these key technical issues in construction of the Three Gorges Project are successfully resolved, which will attribute to the development of hydropower technology. On the basis of the monitoring data during construction and normal operation periods of the Three Gorges Project, this paper presents a systematic analysis of these key rock mechanical issues in terms of behaviors, solutions, dynamic controlling, monitoring arrangement and integrated assessment.