Analysis on Nutritional Risk Screening and Influencing Factors of Hospitalized Patients in Central Urban Area

Rational nutritional support shall be based on nutritional screening and nutritional assessment. This study is aimed to explore nutritional risk screening and its influencing factors of hospitalized patients in central urban area. It is helpful for the early detection of problems in nutritional supports, nutrition management and the implementation of intervention measures, which will contribute a lot to improving the patient＇s poor clinical outcome. A total of three tertiary medical institutions were enrolled in this study. From October 2015 to June 2016, 1202 hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled in Nutrition Risk Screening 2002（NRS2002） for nutritional risk screening, including 8 cases who refused to participate, 5 cases of same-day surgery and 5 cases of coma. A single-factor chi-square test was performed on 312 patients with nutritional risk and 872 hospitalized patients without nutritional risk. Logistic regression analysis was performed with univariate analysis（P〈0.05）, to investigate the incidence of nutritional risk and influencing factors. The incidence of nutritional risk was 26.35% in the inpatients, 25.90% in male and 26.84% in female, respectively. The single-factor analysis showed that the age ≥60, sleeping disorder, fasting, intraoperative bleeding, the surgery in recent month, digestive diseases, metabolic diseases and endocrine system diseases had significant effects on nutritional risk（P〈0.05）. Having considered the above-mentioned factors as independent variables and nutritional risk（Y=1, N=0） as dependent variable, logistic regression analysis revealed that the age ≥60, fasting, sleeping disorders, the surgery in recent month and digestive diseases are hazardous factors for nutritional risk. Nutritional risk exists in hospitalized patients in central urban areas. Nutritional risk screening should be conducted for inpatients. Nutritional intervention programs should be formulated in consideration of those influencing factors, which enable to reduce the nutritional risk and to promote the rehabilitation of inpatients.

Assessment of Risk of Malnutrition in Elderly Hypertensive Patients with or without Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors Living at Home (West Algeria) Sidi-Bel-Abbès

Undernutrition is frequently underestimated in the elderly, because clinical manifestations are non-specific. For the francophone Club geriatrics and nutrition, poly medication is one of the warning signs to be the possibility of malnutrition in an elderly person. To do this, it is particularly interesting to verify what the profiles of hypertensive patients who are at risk of malnutrition are. This component remains very little explored and studies are lacking. The authors conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study whose objective is to evaluate the prevalence of undernutrition in hypertensive patients with or without associated cardiovascular risk factors, in a population of consultants of liberal medical offices, determine the profiles of hypertensive patients who are at risk of undernutrition and describe their eating habits and their anthropometric parameters as well as the link between the number of supported antihypertensives and risk of undernutrition. 1144 patients with an average age of 65 years old have been collected during the period of recruitment. The data collection was done using a questionnaire: the MNA. Sensitive and specific, it is validated method which has international sacle. The percentage of the risk of malnutrition was estimated at 36.7%. Thus the number of associated cardiovascular risk factors becomes larger, and the risk of malnutrition is increased. The risk of malnutrition was three times higher in patients who take more than three medications per day compared with those who consumed less (75.8% vs. 24.2%). As a monotherapy, an increased risk of malnutrition is associated with diuretics. For these older hypertensives, the risk of malnutrition was linked to the type of used dual. The percentage of hypertension risk of malnutrition treated with free dual was significantly higher compared to hypertensive treated dual handset. Some associations have proved to be more favorable than others in terms of nutritional risk. Finally, a third of hypertension patients who were treated with quadruple therapy were at risk of malnutrition. This work was also designed to present an argument to a doctor to detect the risk of undernutrition in elderly hypertensives. The use of the MNA is a simple, effective and quick way for pressure balance rhymes with nutritional balance.