Mental task classification is one of the most important problems in Brain-computer interface.This paper studies the classification of five-class mental tasks.The nonlinear parameter of mean period obtained from freque...Mental task classification is one of the most important problems in Brain-computer interface.This paper studies the classification of five-class mental tasks.The nonlinear parameter of mean period obtained from frequency domain information was used as features for classification implemented by using the method of SVM(support vector machines).The averaged classification accuracy of 85.6% over 7 subjects was achieved for 2-second EEG segments.And the results for EEG segments of 0.5s and 5.0s compared favorably to those of Garrett's.The results indicate that the parameter of mean period represents mental tasks well for classification.Furthermore,the method of mean period is less computationally demanding,which indicates its potential use for online BCI systems.展开更多
Objective This paper presents classifications of m ental tasks based on EEG signals using an adaptive Radial Basis Function (RBF) n etwork with optimal centers and widths for the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) s che...Objective This paper presents classifications of m ental tasks based on EEG signals using an adaptive Radial Basis Function (RBF) n etwork with optimal centers and widths for the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) s chemes. Methods Initial centers and widths of the network are s elected by a cluster estimation method based on the distribution of the training set. Using a conjugate gradient descent method, they are optimized during train ing phase according to a regularized error function considering the influence of their changes to output values. Results The optimizing process improves the performance of RBF network, and its best cognition rate of three t ask pairs over four subjects achieves 87.0%. Moreover, this network runs fast du e to the fewer hidden layer neurons. Conclusion The adaptive RB F network with optimal centers and widths has high recognition rate and runs fas t. It may be a promising classifier for on-line BCI scheme.展开更多
Mental fatigue is a complex state that results from prolonged cognitive activity. Symptoms of mental fatigue can include change in mood, motivation, and temporary deterioration of various cognitive functions involved ...Mental fatigue is a complex state that results from prolonged cognitive activity. Symptoms of mental fatigue can include change in mood, motivation, and temporary deterioration of various cognitive functions involved in goal-directed behavior. Extensive research has been done to develop methods for recognizing physiological and psychophysiological signs of mental fatigue. This has allowed the development of many AI-based models to classify different levels of fatigue, using data extracted from eye-tracking device, EEG, or ECG. In this paper, we present an experimental protocol which aims to both generate/measure mental fatigue and provide effective strategies for recuperation via VR sessions paired with EEG and eye tracking devices. This paper first provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art of mental fatigue predictive factors, measurement methods, and recuperation strategies. Then the paper presents an experimental protocol resulting from the state-of-the-art to 1) generate and measure mental fatigue and 2) evaluate the effectiveness of virtual therapy for fatigue recuperation, using a virtual reality (VR) simulated environment. In our work, we successfully generated mental fatigue through completion of cognitive tasks in a virtual simulated environment. Participants showed significant decline in pupil diameter and theta/alpha score during the various cognitive tasks. We trained an RBF SVM classifier from Electroencephalogram (EEG) data classifying mental fatigue with 95% accuracy on the test set. Finally, our results show that the time allocated for virtual therapy did not improve pupil diameter in post-relaxation period. Further research on the impact of relaxation therapy on relaxation therapy should allocate time closer to the standard recovery time of 60 min.展开更多
背景:竞技体育领域脑力疲劳研究的顺利开展有赖于合适的脑力疲劳诱导方案,然而目前该领域脑力疲劳方案种类较多及时间设置不一等问题的出现一定程度干扰了科研人员选择和确定合适的方案。目的:比较不同类型和时长脑力疲劳诱导方案的效...背景:竞技体育领域脑力疲劳研究的顺利开展有赖于合适的脑力疲劳诱导方案,然而目前该领域脑力疲劳方案种类较多及时间设置不一等问题的出现一定程度干扰了科研人员选择和确定合适的方案。目的:比较不同类型和时长脑力疲劳诱导方案的效果。方法:采用随机交叉对照设计,16名男性业余足球运动员以随机、平衡的顺序完成4次时长为60 min、间隔时间≥48 h STROOP任务的心理认知类方案(心理认知组)、社交媒体使用的电子暴露类方案(电子暴露组)、全身协调任务的运动类方案(运动组)和中性视频观看的对照处理方式(对照组)。测量受试者任务前的动机、脑力疲劳分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率,任务过程中每15 min的脑力疲劳分数、大脑努力分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率。主要采用重复测量方差分析对指标进行统计学分析。结果与结论:①心理认知、电子暴露、运动和对照组4组干预前测的脑力疲劳分数基线值无显著性差异(P=0.806);②心理认知组30,45和60 min的脑力疲劳分数均显著高于其他3组(P均<0.05);心理认知、电子暴露和运动组3组45,60 min 2个时间点的脑力疲劳分数类似(P均>0.05),但显著高于干预前、干预15 min和30 min 3个时间点(P均<0.05);③结论:心理认知类方案的脑力疲劳诱导效果优于电子暴露类和运动类方案,且45 min是能够有效诱导脑力疲劳的适宜时长。展开更多
It remains unclear whether language tasks in one＇s first （L1） or second （L2） language can cause stress responses and whether frontal, autonomic and behavioral responses to stressful tasks are correlated. In this ...It remains unclear whether language tasks in one＇s first （L1） or second （L2） language can cause stress responses and whether frontal, autonomic and behavioral responses to stressful tasks are correlated. In this study, we studied 22 Chinese subjects whose L2 was English and measured the cerebral blood oxygenation in their frontal lobe by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy （fNIRS） as par- ticipants engaged in a mental arithmetic task （MAT） and verbal fluency tasks （VFTs） in L1 （Chinese） and L2 （English）. To examine the activated cortical areas, we estimated the channel location based on Montreal Neurological Institute （MNI） standard brain space by using a-probabilistic estimation method. We evaluated heart rate （HR） changes to analyze autonomic nervous system （ANS） functioning. We found that the MAT and VFTs induced greater increases in HR than did the control （Ctrl） task. Further- more, subjects developed greater increases in HR in the MAT and VFTt~ than they did in the VFTL1. Compared with the Ctrl task, the MAT and both VFTLland VFTL2 produced robust and widespread bi- lateral activation of the frontal cortex. Interestingly, partial correlation analysis indicated that the activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus （LIFG） [Brodmarm＇s area （BA） 47] was consistently correlated with the increases in HR across the three tasks （MAT, VFTL2, and VFTL1）, after controlling for the performance data. The present results suggested that a VFT in L2 may be more stressful than in L1. The LIFG may affect the activation of the sympathetic system induced by stressful tasks, includin~ MATs and VFTs.展开更多
The purpose of this study to evaluate the effect of mental task on gait coordination. The comparison between two techniques Crosscorrelation and Cyclo- gram has been performed. A set of gait experiments was developed ...The purpose of this study to evaluate the effect of mental task on gait coordination. The comparison between two techniques Crosscorrelation and Cyclo- gram has been performed. A set of gait experiments was developed and conducted to evaluate the effect of mental task on gait coordination. The perimeter derived from the geometric figure, cyclogram perimeter (CP), of the knee-knee cyclogram is the main descriptor considered in this study. For crosscorrelation it is the peak value of cross correlation coefficient (CCC) that has been taken for comparison. The sensitivity of both the techniques in terms of percentage has been calculated. Crosscorrelation is highly sensitive (mean=20.4 S.D.=2.3), towards the change in gait coordination with mental task, in comparison to cyclogram perimeter (mean=2.2 S.D.=1.2). The results have strength to assess the progress of rehabilitation among Parkinson patients.展开更多
The patterns of EEG will change with mental tasks performed by the subject. In the field of EEG signal analysis and application, the study to get the patterns of mental EEG and then to use them to classify mental task...The patterns of EEG will change with mental tasks performed by the subject. In the field of EEG signal analysis and application, the study to get the patterns of mental EEG and then to use them to classify mental tasks has the significant scientific meaning and great application value. But for the reasons of different artifacts existing in EEG, the pattern detection of EEG under normal mental states is a very difficult problem. In this paper, Independent Component Analysis is applied to EEG signals collected from performing different mental tasks .The experiment results show that when one subject performs a single mental task in different trials, the independent components of EEG are very similar. It means that the independent components can be used as the mental EEG patterns to classify the different mental tasks.展开更多
基金This work was supportedin part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60271025,No.30370395)in part by the Science and Technology Depart ment of Shaanxi Province(No.2003K10-G24).
文摘Mental task classification is one of the most important problems in Brain-computer interface.This paper studies the classification of five-class mental tasks.The nonlinear parameter of mean period obtained from frequency domain information was used as features for classification implemented by using the method of SVM(support vector machines).The averaged classification accuracy of 85.6% over 7 subjects was achieved for 2-second EEG segments.And the results for EEG segments of 0.5s and 5.0s compared favorably to those of Garrett's.The results indicate that the parameter of mean period represents mental tasks well for classification.Furthermore,the method of mean period is less computationally demanding,which indicates its potential use for online BCI systems.
基金ThisworkwassupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .3 0 3 70 3 95 )
文摘Objective This paper presents classifications of m ental tasks based on EEG signals using an adaptive Radial Basis Function (RBF) n etwork with optimal centers and widths for the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) s chemes. Methods Initial centers and widths of the network are s elected by a cluster estimation method based on the distribution of the training set. Using a conjugate gradient descent method, they are optimized during train ing phase according to a regularized error function considering the influence of their changes to output values. Results The optimizing process improves the performance of RBF network, and its best cognition rate of three t ask pairs over four subjects achieves 87.0%. Moreover, this network runs fast du e to the fewer hidden layer neurons. Conclusion The adaptive RB F network with optimal centers and widths has high recognition rate and runs fas t. It may be a promising classifier for on-line BCI scheme.
文摘Mental fatigue is a complex state that results from prolonged cognitive activity. Symptoms of mental fatigue can include change in mood, motivation, and temporary deterioration of various cognitive functions involved in goal-directed behavior. Extensive research has been done to develop methods for recognizing physiological and psychophysiological signs of mental fatigue. This has allowed the development of many AI-based models to classify different levels of fatigue, using data extracted from eye-tracking device, EEG, or ECG. In this paper, we present an experimental protocol which aims to both generate/measure mental fatigue and provide effective strategies for recuperation via VR sessions paired with EEG and eye tracking devices. This paper first provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art of mental fatigue predictive factors, measurement methods, and recuperation strategies. Then the paper presents an experimental protocol resulting from the state-of-the-art to 1) generate and measure mental fatigue and 2) evaluate the effectiveness of virtual therapy for fatigue recuperation, using a virtual reality (VR) simulated environment. In our work, we successfully generated mental fatigue through completion of cognitive tasks in a virtual simulated environment. Participants showed significant decline in pupil diameter and theta/alpha score during the various cognitive tasks. We trained an RBF SVM classifier from Electroencephalogram (EEG) data classifying mental fatigue with 95% accuracy on the test set. Finally, our results show that the time allocated for virtual therapy did not improve pupil diameter in post-relaxation period. Further research on the impact of relaxation therapy on relaxation therapy should allocate time closer to the standard recovery time of 60 min.
文摘背景:竞技体育领域脑力疲劳研究的顺利开展有赖于合适的脑力疲劳诱导方案,然而目前该领域脑力疲劳方案种类较多及时间设置不一等问题的出现一定程度干扰了科研人员选择和确定合适的方案。目的:比较不同类型和时长脑力疲劳诱导方案的效果。方法:采用随机交叉对照设计,16名男性业余足球运动员以随机、平衡的顺序完成4次时长为60 min、间隔时间≥48 h STROOP任务的心理认知类方案(心理认知组)、社交媒体使用的电子暴露类方案(电子暴露组)、全身协调任务的运动类方案(运动组)和中性视频观看的对照处理方式(对照组)。测量受试者任务前的动机、脑力疲劳分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率,任务过程中每15 min的脑力疲劳分数、大脑努力分数、身体疲劳分数和平均心率。主要采用重复测量方差分析对指标进行统计学分析。结果与结论:①心理认知、电子暴露、运动和对照组4组干预前测的脑力疲劳分数基线值无显著性差异(P=0.806);②心理认知组30,45和60 min的脑力疲劳分数均显著高于其他3组(P均<0.05);心理认知、电子暴露和运动组3组45,60 min 2个时间点的脑力疲劳分数类似(P均>0.05),但显著高于干预前、干预15 min和30 min 3个时间点(P均<0.05);③结论:心理认知类方案的脑力疲劳诱导效果优于电子暴露类和运动类方案,且45 min是能够有效诱导脑力疲劳的适宜时长。
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China("863"Program,No.2012AA020905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81171143)+1 种基金the Project of International Cooperation and Exchanges of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81161160570)the Zhou Dafu Medical Research Fund(No.202836019-03)
文摘It remains unclear whether language tasks in one＇s first （L1） or second （L2） language can cause stress responses and whether frontal, autonomic and behavioral responses to stressful tasks are correlated. In this study, we studied 22 Chinese subjects whose L2 was English and measured the cerebral blood oxygenation in their frontal lobe by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy （fNIRS） as par- ticipants engaged in a mental arithmetic task （MAT） and verbal fluency tasks （VFTs） in L1 （Chinese） and L2 （English）. To examine the activated cortical areas, we estimated the channel location based on Montreal Neurological Institute （MNI） standard brain space by using a-probabilistic estimation method. We evaluated heart rate （HR） changes to analyze autonomic nervous system （ANS） functioning. We found that the MAT and VFTs induced greater increases in HR than did the control （Ctrl） task. Further- more, subjects developed greater increases in HR in the MAT and VFTt~ than they did in the VFTL1. Compared with the Ctrl task, the MAT and both VFTLland VFTL2 produced robust and widespread bi- lateral activation of the frontal cortex. Interestingly, partial correlation analysis indicated that the activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus （LIFG） [Brodmarm＇s area （BA） 47] was consistently correlated with the increases in HR across the three tasks （MAT, VFTL2, and VFTL1）, after controlling for the performance data. The present results suggested that a VFT in L2 may be more stressful than in L1. The LIFG may affect the activation of the sympathetic system induced by stressful tasks, includin~ MATs and VFTs.
文摘The purpose of this study to evaluate the effect of mental task on gait coordination. The comparison between two techniques Crosscorrelation and Cyclo- gram has been performed. A set of gait experiments was developed and conducted to evaluate the effect of mental task on gait coordination. The perimeter derived from the geometric figure, cyclogram perimeter (CP), of the knee-knee cyclogram is the main descriptor considered in this study. For crosscorrelation it is the peak value of cross correlation coefficient (CCC) that has been taken for comparison. The sensitivity of both the techniques in terms of percentage has been calculated. Crosscorrelation is highly sensitive (mean=20.4 S.D.=2.3), towards the change in gait coordination with mental task, in comparison to cyclogram perimeter (mean=2.2 S.D.=1.2). The results have strength to assess the progress of rehabilitation among Parkinson patients.
基金This research is supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (6 0 2 710 2 4 ) and Nature Science Foundation of Anhuiprovince(0 0 4 32 14 )
文摘The patterns of EEG will change with mental tasks performed by the subject. In the field of EEG signal analysis and application, the study to get the patterns of mental EEG and then to use them to classify mental tasks has the significant scientific meaning and great application value. But for the reasons of different artifacts existing in EEG, the pattern detection of EEG under normal mental states is a very difficult problem. In this paper, Independent Component Analysis is applied to EEG signals collected from performing different mental tasks .The experiment results show that when one subject performs a single mental task in different trials, the independent components of EEG are very similar. It means that the independent components can be used as the mental EEG patterns to classify the different mental tasks.
