A new menthane-type monoterpene from Pleurotus eryngii

新menthane类型 monoterpene ， pleurolactone ( 1 )，从真菌 Pleurotus eryngii 的文化肉汤被孤立，与五已知的混合物一起 1 ， 2-dihydroxymintlactone ( 2 )，( 22E ， 24R )-ergosta-5, 7 ， 22-trien-3-ol ( 3 )，( 22E ， 24R )-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3 ， 5 ， 6-triol ( 4 )，( 22E ， 24R )-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3-ol ( 5 )，和 cerebroside B ( 6 )。他们的结构被广泛的分光镜的分析识别。

Identification of key gene networks controlling monoterpene biosynthesis during grape ripening by integrating transcriptome and metabolite profiling

Monoterpenes are typical aroma components of muscat grape cultivars,providing pleasant floral and fruity aromas to grapes and wines.However,the molecular mechanism of monoterpene biosynthesis between muscat and non-muscat grape remains unclear.Here,the muscat grape cultivar‘Jumeigui’and the non-muscat grape cultivar‘Kyoho’were chosen as plant materials for a comprehensive transcriptome and metabolite analysis.The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis demonstrated that a total of 27 and 23 monoterpene compounds were identified and quantified in the‘Jumeigui’and‘Kyoho’grape,respectively.‘Jumeigui’grape accumulated significantly higher concentrations of monoterpenes than‘Kyoho’grape.Furthermore,geraniol,linalool,geranic acid,and β-citronellol might be important odorants contributing to the floral character of the‘Jumeigui’grape due to the high levels odor activity values(OAVs).Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the expression profiles of VvDXS,VvGGPPS.SSU1,Vv TPS-b/g showed a positive correlation with monoterpene accumulation in grapes.In addition,the expression patterns of the genes involved in jasmonic acid(JA)synthesis and signal were also positively correlated with monoterpene accumulation.All these results will help guide the functional verification of candidate genes related to monoterpene biosynthesis,as well as identify the master transcriptional and hormonal regulators of this pathway in grapes.

Monoterpene Glycosides from the Roots of Paeonia lactiflora

A new monoterpene glycoside, together with nine known ones, 3-O-methylpaeoniflorin, mudanpioside J, paeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, oxybenzoylpaeoniflorin, albiflorin and lactiflorin, was isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.. The structure of the new compound was elucidated as galloylalbiflorin by the spectro- scopic evidence including ESI-MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra.

Paeonivayin, A New Monoterpene Glycoside from Paeonia delavayi

A new monoterpene glycoside named paeonivayin with other seven known compounds were isolated from the roots of Paeonia delavayi Franch. and their structures were determined by means of spectroscopic studies.

Structural characterization of monoterpene indole alkaloids in ethanolic extracts of Rauwolfia species by liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Rauwolfia species(Apocynaceae) are medicinal plants well known worldwide due to its potent bioactive monoterpene indole alkaloids(MIAs) such as reserpine,ajmalicine,ajmaline,serpentine and yohimbine.Reserpine,ajmalicine and ajmaline are powerful antihypertensive,tranquilizing agents used in hypertension.Yohimbine is an aphrodisiac used in dietary supplements.As there is no report on the comparative and comprehensive phytochemical investigation of the roots of Rauwolfia species,we have developed an efficient and reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method for ethanolic root extract of Rauwolfia species to elucidate the fragmentation pathways for dereplication of bioactive MIAs using highperformance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS/MS) in positive ion mode.We identified and established diagnostic fragment ions and fragmentation pathways using reserpine,ajmalicine,ajmaline,serpentine and yohimbine.The MS/MS spectra of reserpine,ajmalicine,and ajmaline showed C-ring-cleavage whereas E-ring cleavage was observed in serpentine via Retro Diels Alder(RDA).A total of 47 bioactive MIAs were identified and characterized on the basis of their molecular formula,exact mass measurements and MS/MS analysis.Reserpine,ajmalicine,ajmaline,serpentine and yohimbine were unambiguously identified by comparison with their authentic standards and other 42 MIAs were tentatively identified and characterized from the roots of Rauwolfia hookeri,Rauwolfia micrantha,Rauwolfia serpentina,Rauwolfia verticillata,Rauwolfia tetraphylla and Rauwolfia vomitoria.Application of LC–MS followed by principal component analysis(PCA) has been successfully used to discriminate among six Rauwolfia species.

Two New Monoterpene Diglycosides from Winchia calophylla A.DC

Two new monoterpene diglycosides, wincaloside A (1) and wincaloside B (2), along with loganin (3) were isolated from the stem barks of Winchia calophylla A. DC. The structures of 1 and 2 were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

A New Monoterpene Glycoside from Swertia punicea

A new monoterpene glycoside, 2,6-dimethyl-2E,6E-octadienoic acid 1,6'-lactone 8-beta-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from Swertia punicea, accompanying with six known compounds 1-O-primeverosyl-3,7-dimethoxy-8-hydroxyxanthone, 1-O-primeverosyl-3,7,8-tri-methoxyxan-thone, epi-eustomoside, 1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone, 1,8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy xanthone and isovitexine. Their structures were elucidated based on spectral evidence.

A New Monoterpene Glycoside from Paeonia veitchii

A new monoterpene glycoside, acetoxypaeoniflorin, was isolated from the root cortex of Paeonia veitchii Lynch.. The structure was elucidated by spectral methods.

A New Monoterpene Glucoside from the Leaves of Betula platyphylla Suk.

A new monoterpene glucoside. (2E,67.)-2.6-dimethyl-8-beta -D-glucosyloxy-2,6-octadienoic acid, was isolated from the leaves of Betula platyphylla Suk. The structure was established by spectroscopic data.

A Novel Monoterpene Glycoside from Swertia mileensis

A novel monoterpene glycoside, mileenside, was isolated from Swertia mileensis by repeated normal and reverse phase silica gel chromatography and its structure was elucidated mainly based on spectral evidence.

Two new monoterpene glycosides from Doellingeria scaber

Two new methane-type monoterpene glycosides were isolated from the roots of Doellingeria scaber. Their structures were identified as trans-p-menthane-1α,2β,8-triol 8-O-β-D-（3′,6′-diangeloyloxy）-glucopyranoside and trans-p-menthane-1α,2β,8-triol 8-O-β-D-（3′-angeloyloxy,6′-isobutyloxy）-glucopyranoside based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.

New monoterpene phenyl ethers from Illicium micranthum

Seven new monoterpene phenyl ethers,namely micranthumnins A-G(1-7),were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium micranthum(Illiciaceae).Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses including MS,IR,1D and 2D NMR.All compounds were evaluated for their anti-AChE activities.

Highly Oxygenated Monoterpenes from Eupatorium fortunei

A pair of epimers of highly-oxygenated monoterpenes were isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Eupatorium fortunei. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of the spectral analysis as （1R＊, 2S＊, 3R＊, 4R＊, 6S＊）-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrehydroxy-p-menthane （1） and （1S＊, 2S＊, 3S＊, 4R＊, 6R＊）-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrehydroxy-p-menthane （2）.

A Monoterpene Glycoside from Ehinacea purpurea

Aim To separate and identify chemical constituents of Ehinacea purpurea. Methods Five compounds were isolated from the plant using chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopy. Results Five compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 2, 6-dimethyl-7-octene-2, 3, 6-triol-2-O-β-D-gtucopyranoside (1), 7, 8-furocoumarin (2), 6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin (3), caffeic acid (4), methyl catfeate (5), and ethyl catfeate(6). Conclusion All these compounds were obtained from the plant for the first time.

Larvicidal efficacy of monoterpenes against the larvae of Anopheles gambiae

Objective:To evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of eight volatile components of essential oils against 3rd instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae s.s.Methods:Larvicidal effects of each compound were evaluated in both laboratory and semi-field trials.Stock solution was prepared and serial dilutions were made in six concentrations for each compound.A total of 20 larvae were exposed to larvicides for each replicate and monitored at intervals of 12,24,48 and 72 h.Larvae monitoring was done on basis of dead and live larvae in all intervals.Results:All assayed compounds were larvicides and presented varying degrees of larval toxicity,with LC50 values ranging from 1.28 to 1 938.92 mg/L depending on the treatment time(12,24,48 or 72 h).(-)-Perillyl alcohol presented the strongest larvicidal activity towards Anopheles gambiae larvae,with LC_(50) values of 73.60,18.36,1.72 and1.28 mg/L after 12,24,48 and 72 h of exposure,respectively.The next strongest were(-)-isopulegol(LC_(50)= 135.10,49.39,34.39 and 20.22 mg/L) and(-)-carvone epoxide(LC_(50)= 168.86,124.74,80.84 and 23.46 mg/L).After 12,24 and 48 h of treatment,hydroxydihydrocarvone was the least toxic compound,with LC_(50) values of 1 938.92,1 172.18 and 401.03 mg/L,respectively.Conclusions:The data obtained in this study suggest that all evaluated monoterpenes,especially(-)-perillyl alcohol,have remarkable larvicidal effects and may be considered as potential sources for the development of suitable natural larvicides for mosquito management programs.Further small-scale field trials should be conducted.

Eucaglobulin, A New Complex of Gallotannin and Monoterpene from Eucalyptus globulus

Eucaglobulin 1, a new complex of gallotannin and monoterpene, was isolated from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus. Its structure was determined by spectral methods.

Monoterpene hydrocarbons,major components of the dried leaves essential oils of five species of the genus Eucalyptus from Cote d’Ivoire

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the dried leaves of five species of the genus Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis, E. de-glupta, E. grandis, E. torelliana, E. urophylla) growing in C?te d’Ivoire, was analyzed by means of GC and GC/MS. The density and the refractive index were measured. The major components of all these oils are: α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and β-caryo-phyllene. The particularity of these oils is their monoterpene hydrocarbons major components.

落叶松八齿小蠹伴生长喙壳真菌致病性研究

[目的]通过分析落叶松八齿小蠹伴生长喙壳真菌对寄主的致病能力,探究其对落叶松的危害程度与潜在风险。[方法]利用人工接种的方法,将从落叶松八齿小蠹虫体及坑道中分离到的12种长喙壳真菌接种到长白落叶松上,60 d后观察和测量病斑大小。并对2种Endoconidiophora真菌(E.fujiensis和E.laricicola)诱导寄主抗性的能力进行测定。[结果]结果表明,5种长喙壳真菌E.laricicola、E.fujiensis、Ophiostoma hongxingense、O.peniculi和O.xinganense接种长白落叶松产生的病斑面积大于对照处理,其余7种Ophiostoma真菌产生的病斑面积与对照无显著差异。E.laricicola产生的平均病斑面积最大,为3.51 cm^(2),且诱导寄主萜类物质含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,表现出对长白落叶松的较强致病力。而E.fujiensis产生的平均病斑面积为1.70 cm^(2),诱导寄主萜类物质含量呈现下降趋势,表现出较弱致病力。[结论]E.laricicola对长白落叶松具有强致病性,E.fujiensis、O.hongxingense、O.peniculi和O.xinganense对长白落叶松具有弱致病性,而另外7种Ophiostoma真菌对落叶松无明显致病性。

美丽芍药单萜苷类成分及其生物活性研究

目的研究美丽芍药Paeonia mairei Levl.的化学成分和生物活性研究。方法美丽芍药70%乙醇提取物采用柱色谱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。对其中成分进行体外激动褪黑素受体1活性、抗炎和细胞毒性、抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性研究。结果从中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为芍药苷(1)、氧化芍药苷(2)、没食子酰芍药苷(3)、芍药内酯苷(4)、6-O-benzoyl paeoniflorin(5)、benzoyl oxypaeoniflorin(6)、mudanpioside C(7)、1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖(8)、邻苯三酚(9)、蔗糖(10)、paeonidanin E(11)。化合物1~8在100μmol/L浓度下对褪黑素受体1均无活性,在5~100μmol/L浓度范围内无细胞毒作用和抗炎活性。在200μmol/L浓度作用下,五没食子酰葡萄糖和没食子酰芍药苷有一定的黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性,该酶活率分别为(65.98±3.46)%、(74.17±2.13)%。结论化合物2~11为首次从该植物中分离得到。