Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a phacoemulsification system in terms of effective (EPT) and total phaco time (TPT) using 20G and 21G phaco tips. Methods: Retrospective comparative study including 143 consecut...Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a phacoemulsification system in terms of effective (EPT) and total phaco time (TPT) using 20G and 21G phaco tips. Methods: Retrospective comparative study including 143 consecutive cataractous eyes undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery with the Visalis 500 device. The 20G and 21G phaco tips were used in 46 and 97 eyes, respectively. The EPT and TPT values were evaluated. Results: Median TPT was 11.25 s and 17.50 s in the 20G and 21G groups, respectively (p = 0.0011). Median EPT values were 3.15 s and 5.00 s in the 20G and 21G groups, respectively (p = 0.0032). TPT and EPT were significantly lower in 3/3+ cataract eyes compared to 4/4+ using both tips (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The Visalis 500 allows cataract surgery with reduced TPT and EPT, even in hard cataracts. The use of the 20G phaco tip provides an additional benefit in terms of reduction of phaco time.展开更多
A centrifugal fan with the high speed and compact dimensions is studied numerically and experimentally. The centrifugal fan consists of a shrouded impeller rotating at 34 000 r/min with a small tip clearance 0.7 mm to...A centrifugal fan with the high speed and compact dimensions is studied numerically and experimentally. The centrifugal fan consists of a shrouded impeller rotating at 34 000 r/min with a small tip clearance 0.7 mm to the fixed outer casing. Computational models with/without the tip clearance are built and the κ-ω shear stress transport （SST） turbulence model and the unstructured mesh are applied to the numerical simulation for unsteady solutions. The overall performance is measured on a standard experimental bench and the major flow feature of each component inside the centrifugal fan is numerically investigated. In the presence of the tip clearance due to the difference of static pressure between leading and trailing edges of the clearance, i. e. , leading and trailing edges of the impeller, a strong return flow exists inside the clearance passage and re-circulates the main stream inside the impeller passage, and produces the strong flow interaction, thus changing the flow field and influencing the overall performance.展开更多
In rice,the spikelet is the basic unit of inflorescence,and its development is important for determining the grain yield and quality.We reported a rice spikelet mutant multi-floret spikelet 4(mfs4)which resulted in th...In rice,the spikelet is the basic unit of inflorescence,and its development is important for determining the grain yield and quality.We reported a rice spikelet mutant multi-floret spikelet 4(mfs4)which resulted in the production of extra floral organs or a whole extra floret,and elongated sterile lemmas.The results suggested that the mutation of the MFS4 gene interfered with spikelet meristem determinacy and floral organ identity.In addition,the plant height and the grain length and width in the mfs4 mutant were all less than those in the wild type.Using the bulked segregant analysis method,the MFS4 gene was localized in a 557-kb region on the long arm of chromosome 1.Sequence analysis showed that there was a C-base deletion at the open reading frame of LOC_Os01g67430.Further tests indicated that a wild type copy of LOC_Os01g67430 was able to reverse the mfs4 defects,which indicated that LOC_Os01g67430 was the MFS4 gene.The MFS4 gene encodes a lipase located in the mitochondria and is expressed strongly in the young inflorescence.qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of some genes that were known to regulate spikelet meristem determinacy and grain size were decreased in the mfs4 mutant,which indicated that the MFS4 gene regulates spikelet meristem determinacy and grain size by modulating the expression of these genes.展开更多
文摘Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a phacoemulsification system in terms of effective (EPT) and total phaco time (TPT) using 20G and 21G phaco tips. Methods: Retrospective comparative study including 143 consecutive cataractous eyes undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery with the Visalis 500 device. The 20G and 21G phaco tips were used in 46 and 97 eyes, respectively. The EPT and TPT values were evaluated. Results: Median TPT was 11.25 s and 17.50 s in the 20G and 21G groups, respectively (p = 0.0011). Median EPT values were 3.15 s and 5.00 s in the 20G and 21G groups, respectively (p = 0.0032). TPT and EPT were significantly lower in 3/3+ cataract eyes compared to 4/4+ using both tips (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The Visalis 500 allows cataract surgery with reduced TPT and EPT, even in hard cataracts. The use of the 20G phaco tip provides an additional benefit in terms of reduction of phaco time.
文摘A centrifugal fan with the high speed and compact dimensions is studied numerically and experimentally. The centrifugal fan consists of a shrouded impeller rotating at 34 000 r/min with a small tip clearance 0.7 mm to the fixed outer casing. Computational models with/without the tip clearance are built and the κ-ω shear stress transport （SST） turbulence model and the unstructured mesh are applied to the numerical simulation for unsteady solutions. The overall performance is measured on a standard experimental bench and the major flow feature of each component inside the centrifugal fan is numerically investigated. In the presence of the tip clearance due to the difference of static pressure between leading and trailing edges of the clearance, i. e. , leading and trailing edges of the impeller, a strong return flow exists inside the clearance passage and re-circulates the main stream inside the impeller passage, and produces the strong flow interaction, thus changing the flow field and influencing the overall performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31971919,31730063)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission,China(Grant No.cstc2020jcyj-jqX0020)+1 种基金National Key Program for Research and Development of China(Grant No.2017YFD0100202)Chongqing Graduate Research and Innovation Project Funding,China(Grant No.CYS20123).
文摘In rice,the spikelet is the basic unit of inflorescence,and its development is important for determining the grain yield and quality.We reported a rice spikelet mutant multi-floret spikelet 4(mfs4)which resulted in the production of extra floral organs or a whole extra floret,and elongated sterile lemmas.The results suggested that the mutation of the MFS4 gene interfered with spikelet meristem determinacy and floral organ identity.In addition,the plant height and the grain length and width in the mfs4 mutant were all less than those in the wild type.Using the bulked segregant analysis method,the MFS4 gene was localized in a 557-kb region on the long arm of chromosome 1.Sequence analysis showed that there was a C-base deletion at the open reading frame of LOC_Os01g67430.Further tests indicated that a wild type copy of LOC_Os01g67430 was able to reverse the mfs4 defects,which indicated that LOC_Os01g67430 was the MFS4 gene.The MFS4 gene encodes a lipase located in the mitochondria and is expressed strongly in the young inflorescence.qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of some genes that were known to regulate spikelet meristem determinacy and grain size were decreased in the mfs4 mutant,which indicated that the MFS4 gene regulates spikelet meristem determinacy and grain size by modulating the expression of these genes.
