Trial Equation Method to Nonlinear Evolution Equations with Rank Inhomogeneous： Mathematical Discussions and Its Applications

A trial equation method to nonlinear evolution equation with rank inhomogeneous is given. As appncations, the exact traveling wave solutions to some higher-order nonlinear equations such as generalized Boussinesq equation, generalized Pochhammer-Chree equation, KdV-Burgers equation, and KS equation and so on, are obtained. Among these, some results are new. The proposed method is based on the idea of reduction of the order of ODE. Some mathematical details of the proposed method are discussed.

Trial function method and exact solutions to the generalized nonlinear Schrdinger equation with time-dependent coefficient

In this paper, the trial function method is extended to study the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time- dependent coefficients. On the basis of a generalized traveling wave transformation and a trial function, we investigate the exact envelope traveling wave solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients. Taking advantage of solutions to trial function, we successfully obtain exact solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients under constraint conditions.

A New Trial Equation Method and Its Applications

As an improved version of trial equation method, a new trial equation method is proposed. Using this method, abundant new exact traveling wave solutions to a high-order KdV-type equation are obtained.

Yield Stability of Maize Hybrids Evaluated in Maize Regional Trials in Southwestern China Using Nonparametric Methods

Analysis of multi-environment trials （METs） of crops for the evaluation and recommendation of varieties is an important issue in plant breeding research. Evaluating on the both stability of performance and high yield is essential in MET analyses. The objective of the present investigation was to compare 11 nonparametric stability statistics and apply nonparametric tests for genotype-by-environment interaction （GEI） to 14 maize （Zea mays L.） genotypes grown at 25 locations in southwestern China during 2005. Results of nonparametric tests of GEl and a combined ANOVA across locations showed that both crossover and noncrossover GEI, and genotypes varied highly significantly for yield. The results of principal component analysis, correlation analysis of nonparametric statistics, and yield indicated the nonparametric statistics grouped as four distinct classes that corresponded to different agronomic and biological concepts of stability. Furthermore, high values of TOP and low values of rank-sum were associated with high mean yield, but the other nonparametric statistics were not positively correlated with mean yield. Therefore, only rank-sum and TOP methods would be useful for simultaneously selection for high yield and stability. These two statistics recommended JY686 and HX168 as desirable and ND108, CM12, CN36, and NK6661 as undesirable genotypes.

Constructing exact solutions to discrete systems with the trial function method

Based on the homogenous balance method and the trial function method, several trial function methods composed of exponential functions are proposed and applied to nonlinear discrete systems. With the.help of symbolic computation system, the new exact solitary wave solutions to discrete nonlinear mKdV lattice equation, discrete nonlinear （2 ＋ 1） dimensional Toda lattice equation, Ablowitz-Ladik-lattice system are constructed.The method is of significance to seek exact solitary wave solutions to other nonlinear discrete systems.

Trial Equation Method for Solving the Improved Boussinesq Equation

Trial equation method is a powerful tool for obtaining exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations. In this paper, the improved Boussinesq is reduced to an ordinary differential equation under the travelling wave transformation. Trial equation method and the theory of complete discrimination system for polynomial are used to establish exact solutions of the improved Boussinesq equation.

The Substantive Reform of Court Trials: A Transformation of Logic in the Methods of Evidence Investigation——Summary of the Reform Pilot Project in Chengdu

In the pilot project of the substantive reform of court trials,“unexpected” judgments appeared constantly because the traditional documentary investigation mode has been replaced by an investigation mode under the principle of directness and verbalism. This change in the logic of factual judgments has caused a change in the methods of evidence examination. In traditional evidence examination, evidence obtained from investigations is supposed to be genuine and reliable. In the substantive reform of court trials, it is presumed that evidence obtained from investigations cannot be fully trusted and it is easier to ascertain the facts of the case by investigating using the principles of directness, verbalism and individualized judging methods for evidence examinations. In practice, there are three main factors affecting the genuineness of evidence: the cognitive rules of testifiers, the motivation of the subjects who provide evidence, and the methods used by investigators to obtain evidence. Based on any one of these three factors, it cannot be concluded that evidence obtained from investigations is superior to evidence presented in court. The substantive court investigation is more advantageous to establishing the facts of a case than the traditional court investigation. The essential characteristics of the substantive reform of court trials are pursuing reality in essence instead of in form, and using the files of the court trials instead of the files of the investigation to avoid the evidence obtained through investigations from playing a decisive role in the adjudication thus making criminal procedures trial-centered rather than investigation-centered.

Usefulness of the clip-flap method of endoscopic submucosal dissection: A randomized controlled trial

AIM To prospectively investigate the efficacy and safety of clipflap assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) for gastric tumors.METHODS From May 2015 to October 2016, we enrolled 104 patients with gastric cancer or adenoma scheduled for ESD at Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital. We randomized patients into two subgroups using the minimization method based on location of the tumor(upper, middle or lower third of the stomach), tumor size(< 20 mm or > 20 mm) and ulcer status: ESD using an endoclip(the clip-flap group) and ESD without an endoclip(the conventional group). Therapeutic efficacy(procedure time) and safety(complication: Gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation) were assessed. RESULTS En bloc resection was performed in all patients. Four patients had delayed bleeding(3.8%) and two had perforation(1.9%). No significant differences in en bloc resection rate(conventional group: 100%, clip flap group: 100%), curative endoscopic resection rate(conventional group: 90.9%, clip flap group: 89.8%, P = 0.85), procedure time(conventional group: 70.8 ± 46.2 min, clip flap group: 74.7 ± 53.3 min, P = 0.69), area of resected specimen(conventional group: 884.6 ± 792.1 mm^2, clip flap group: 1006.4 ± 1004.8 mm^2, P = 0.49), delayed bleeding rate(conventional group: 5.5%, clip flap group: 2.0%, P = 0.49), or perforation rate(conventional group: 1.8%, clip flap group: 2.0%, P = 0.93) were found between the two groups. Lessexperienced endoscopists did not show any differences in procedure time between the two groups.CONCLUSION For patients with early-stage gastric tumors, the clipflap method has no advantage in efficacy or safety compared with the conventional method.

Application of Trial Equation Method for Solving the Benjamin Ono Equation

In the article, the nonlinear equation is reduced to an ordinary differential equation under the travelling wave transformation. Using trial equation method, the ODE is reduced to the elementary integral form. In the end, complete discrimination system for polynomial is used to solve the corresponding integrals and obtain the classification of all single travelling wave solutions to the equation.

合作尝试法联合仿真模拟人在妇产科见习中的应用研究

目的分析合作尝试教学法联合仿真模拟人在妇产科主动融通见习中的应用效果。方法2022年10月,选择在中南大学湘雅三医院妇产科见习的五年制学生,共131名,随机分2组:研究组66名学生采用合作尝试教学法联合仿真模拟人进行教学,对照组65名学生采用以案例为导向的教学法(case-based learning,CBL),教学评估内容为产后出血的模拟训练,通过理论测试、迷你临床演练评估(mini-clinical evaluation exercise,Mini-CEX)、学生评教表、课后调查问卷表等多方面评估教学效果。结果研究组的理论测试成绩、Mini-CEX评分表中的各项成绩、课后问卷调查的满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。学生评教表中研究组学生对带教老师的教学基本功、教学内容、教学方法、教学效果的评分远高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在师德、教学管理方面的评分一致,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在妇产科主动融通见习教学中,应用合作尝试教学法联合仿真模拟人的教学形式,可以有效促进理论知识的学习、提高体格检查及操作技能水平、调动学生学习的主动性、积极性,能够真正做到“主动、融通”,并能够使学生更准确地做出临床判断、更好地做到人文关怀、改善其在临床工作中的整体表现,显著提高临床见习教学效果,并能够改善学生对教师的主观评价,更好的体现教师的教学能力及价值,值得在医学生本科教学中应用。

航空应急救援站脆弱性分析

为提高区域应急响应速度,增强区域内医疗、消防和紧急物资运输等能力,提出一种基于复杂网络理论的航空应急救援站脆弱性分析方法。首先,构建航空应急救援场站脆弱性评价指标体系,将具体分析指标划分为三类:通过资料搜集直接获得的定量计算指标、使用模糊综合评价法进行评价获得的定性评价指标以及借助Pajek工具进行计算得到的网络特性指标;其次,使用集成决策实验室法(decision making trial and evaluation laboratory, DEMATEL)对各评价指标的权重进行估计;最后,使用灰度关联分析法综合评价各节点的脆弱性指数。对某地区现有运输机场布局案例进行分析,结果表明:所提方法在充分考虑待选机场的自身应急救援建设条件的基础上,兼顾救援网络中各机场间的互补性和协同作用,为未来的航空应急救援站选址研究提供了一种高效可靠的评价分析方法。

补肾健脑针法联合康复训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿精细运动功能影响的临床研究

目的 研究分析补肾健脑针法联合康复训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿精细运动功能影响的临床效果。方法 研究选取本院2022年1—12月收治的痉挛型脑瘫患儿100例,分为对照组与实验组,每组50例。对照组采用康复训练,实验组加用补肾健脑针法干预。分析比较两组患者治疗有效性、脑瘫严重程度等指标。结果 与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗有效性增高,脑瘫严重程度好转,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 补肾健脑针法联合康复训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿精细运动功能影响的临床效果较好。

处理地下水模型单元疏干-湿润的两种算法对比研究

在使用网格单元中心差分格式的地下水模型中,对地下水网格单元“疏干(干)-湿润(湿)转化”的模拟极易引发模型迭代不收敛等异常情况,很大程度上影响模型的应用。本研究使用理想案例和丹麦应用实例,综合比较了MODFLOW模型的试算法与COMUS模型的全有效单元法对网格单元“干-湿转化”问题的模拟能力及算法特性。结果表明:(1)试算法的参数组合选取对模拟的收敛性和模拟结果都有明显影响,使用试算法时需要不断优化参数组合以避免模型迭代不收敛或模拟失真等异常情况,很大程度上增加了用户使用模型的难度和时间成本;(2)全有效单元法的模拟结果比试算法的模拟结果更具可靠性,全有效单元法的作用等同于理论上最优的试算法参数组合,使用全有效单元法时用户无需进行复杂的参数组合工作,因此该方法能有效降低模型的使用难度与模拟结果的不确定性;(3)全有效单元法中单元间水平向水力传导度算法实现了可以与经典调和平均法相比较的数值计算精度,说明全有效单元法在不涉及网格单元“干-湿转化”问题的地下水模拟中同样具有应用潜力。综上所述,全有效单元法更适用于处理地下水模型单元的疏干-湿润转化问题,并且有望在地下水数值模拟领域中得到更为广泛的应用。

基于德尔菲法的中医药临床试验监查指标体系构建研究

目的基于德尔菲法构建中医药临床试验监查指标体系。方法通过文献研究法和临床监查实践经验,形成中医药临床试验基于风险的监查指标池;通过德尔菲法进行两轮的专家咨询,对于结果进行统计分析,并运用Yaahp软件中层次分析法(AHP)为指标体系的各项指标进行权重赋值。结果①初步形成了包含9个一级指标、22个二级指标和47个三级指标的中医药临床试验风险监查指标体系。②最终共邀请到15位从事临床监查、西医/中西医结合临床、中医临床、医院/行政管理、卫生统计相关领域的专家。③两轮专家咨询问卷有效回收率分别为93.75%和100%。④两轮专家咨询的权威系数(Cr)分别为0.760和0.775。⑤两轮专家咨询的协调系数分别为0.192(P<0.05)和0.194(P<0.05),两轮专家咨询的一级、二级、三级指标的变异系数(CV)均<0.25。⑥最终构建了包含4个一级指标、11个二级指标和45个三级指标的中医药临床试验风险监查指标体系。结论参与该研究的专家权威程度和积极性高,协调程度好;最终构建的指标体系中一级指标“研究设计管理”以及其二级指标和三级指标的权重相对较高,提示中医药临床试验的设计是决定临床试验结果的关键因素。

曳引电梯部件故障相关性分析

针对电梯部件之间的故障影响,提出将决策试验与评价实验室法和解释结构模型结合建立电梯部件故障层次结构模型,并改进直接影响矩阵的确定方式。首先从多方面获取电梯部件故障关联评价,其次使用熵权法确定评价的权重并计算直接影响矩阵,最后使用建立的电梯部件故障相关模型得到电梯部件故障因果关系和故障传递规则。结果表明:电动机、制动器、限速器为强原因部件,曳引钢丝绳、轿厢以及导向系统的部件为强结果部件;电梯部件故障关联规则体现为同层级或跨层级传递。通过分析部件故障机理,所提方法得到的部件故障传递规则与电梯系统实际运行情况相符。

桂江已建水利工程生态流量核定与保障先行先试工作探讨

为推进生态文明建设,推动新阶段水利高质量发展,水利部组织开展已建水利水电工程生态流量核定与保障先行先试工作。广西桂江选取斧子口、京南、川江、小溶江水利枢纽和青狮潭水库作为先行先试工程,本文介绍了核定工程生态流量的原则方法和结果,并提出完善生态流量保障措施,为后续全面推进已建工程生态流量核定提供经验。

(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的双线性Backlund变换与精确解

基于Hirota双线性方法和试探函数法,研究一个(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的双线性Backlund变换和精确解问题。用Hirota双线性法,构造(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的双线性形式和双线性Backlund变换。基于双线性形式和双线性Backlund变换,利用试探函数法与符号计算系统Mathematica,获得(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的多种精确解,包括呼吸波解、复合型解、Lump周期解和孤子解,并分析解的相互作用情况。

疏风宣肺法治疗感染后咳嗽的Meta分析

目的系统评价疏风宣肺法治疗感染后咳嗽的疗效和安全性。方法对外文数据库:PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science;中文数据库:知网、维普、万方和中国生物医学文献服务系统进行全面检索,搜索疏风宣肺法治疗感染后咳嗽的随机对照试验,检索时间从建库到2024年6月。对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价,ReviewManage5.4软件对纳入文献的结局指标进行Meta分析。结果共纳入14项文献,1585例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与甲氧那明组(对照组)相比,疏风宣肺法(试验组)总有效率更高[OR=5.47,95%CI(3.82,7.84),P<0.00001],差异有统计学意义;试验组咳嗽症状积分低于对照组[MD=-0.49,95%CI(-0.66,-0.32),P<0.00001],差异有统计学意义;试验组患者炎性因子IL-8低于对照组[MD=-7.34,95%CI(-10.68,-4.00),P<0.0001],差异有统计学意义;两组均未出现严重不良反应,差异无统计学意义[OR=0.80,95%CI(0.49,1.28),P=0.35]。结论中医疏风宣肺法治疗感染后咳嗽具有较好疗效,有效降低患者咳嗽症状积分和IL-8水平,且无严重不良反应。

补肾活血法联合血液透析治疗慢性肾衰竭的Meta分析

[目的]对补肾活血法联合血液透析治疗慢性肾衰竭的文献进行Meta分析。[方法]计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库知识服务平台(WangFang)、Pubmed、EmBase等数据库,筛选补肾活血法联合血液透析治疗慢性肾功能不全的随机对照试验,检索时间为自建库起至2022年9月7日。运用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具进行文献质量评价,应用Review Manager 5.3软件进行Meta分析,使用Stata14.0软件进行Egger检验,以评估发表偏倚,若存在发表偏倚则进一步运用非参数剪补法评估偏倚对结果的影响。运用GRADEprofiler3.6软件对本研究涉及结局指标进行证据质量评价。[结果]纳入14篇相关研究文献,共1316例患者,试验组660例,对照组656例。Meta分析结果显示,补肾活血法联合血液透析在降低血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)水平、中医证候积分方面优于单纯血液透析组,提高肌酐清除率(Ccr)、有效率方面联合组优于单纯血液透析组,差异具有统计学意义,但证据质量有待提高。两组的不良反应发生率未见统计学差异。发表偏倚检验及非参数剪布法结果提示血Scr、BUN指标存在偏倚,但偏倚结果对结果未造成影响。[结论]研究证明补肾活血法联合血液透析治疗慢性肾衰竭疗效显著,可以降低Scr、BUN、中医证候积分,提高Ccr水平,且未见不良反应增加。但需要更多高质量、大规模的研究来进一步验证。

不同比例芽孢杆菌对常见温室蔬菜病原菌抑制研究

本研究采用抑菌圈法探究不同比例芽孢杆菌对温室蔬菜病原菌的抑制效果,得到巨大芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌与枯草芽孢杆菌的混合菌株对黄瓜白粉病、番茄灰霉病、茄子青枯病最佳的抑制比例,并在田间进行实验以验证最优方案。实验结果表明:芽孢杆菌的混合菌液对3种植物病原菌都具有明显的抑制作用,其中巨大芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌比例为1∶1∶3的混合菌剂对黄瓜白粉病的抑制效果最明显,抑菌率达87.4%,田间防效达61.3%。混合比例为2∶1∶2的混合菌剂对番茄青枯病的抑制效果最明显,抑菌率达83.3%,田间防效达51.7%。混合比例为3∶2∶2的混合菌剂对茄子青枯病的抑制效果最明显,抑菌率达82.6%,田间防效达59.6%。结果表明混合菌剂对3种植物病原菌有良好的抑制效果,可应用于田间防治。