Human Rights Research Methods in Social Science

Introduction and Motivation Legal science and philosophy are two of the most important dis- ciplines in the field of human rights research, both of them assuming different roles and functions in human rights analysis. Scholars can discuss or debate from a philosophical per- spective such as where the ideology of human rights comes from, what the ontology of human rights is and whether people could legitimate human rights claims on the basis of natural morality.

Exploration and Practice of"Double Line and Six Coordination"Teaching Method in the Construction of New Agricultural Science Specialty

Aiming at the main problems existing in the teaching process of new agricultural science,systematic solutions are put forward:(1)creating an agriculture related professional group serving the coordinated development of large-scale operation subjects and small farmers,and fully connecting the coordinated development needs of large-scale operation subjects and small farmers;(2)carrying out all-round agricultural related professional teaching reform,so as to cultivate high-quality talents for the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development;(3)based on agriculture related professional resources,taking multiple measures to improve the social service development ability of secondary vocational schools.

基于ISI Web of Science的《中国地理科学》(英文版)文献计量研究

《中国地理科学》(英文版)是我国创办最早的综合性英文地理期刊,分析其发文被引用情况可以了解该刊十几年来变化情况,又可以为刊物今后的发展方向提供依据。本文利用Web of Science的引文检索功能,统计了该刊2002-2012年的被引用情况,从载文量、篇均被引频次、单篇被引频次、被引频次年代分布、被引论文专业分布和引文类型分布等几个方面,基于地理学学科特点和文献计量学方法进行综合分析,总结该刊目前发展存在的问题及改进措施,以期为刊物发展提供参考,更好地促进地理学科的发展。

基于Web of Science的循环肿瘤细胞研究态势的文献计量分析

目的对循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)研究文献进行计量分析,为准确掌握国际上CTC领域研究态势和选择前沿技术课题提供参考。方法基于Web of Science数据库,借助CiteSpace等分析工具,采用可视化分析、共现分析、引文分析、突发检测等分析方法,对CTC领域文献的分布特征、核心引文、热点领域、研究前沿等进行分析。结果在Web of Science共检索出861条循环肿瘤细胞研究文献题录和28 132条引文。分析显示,近年来CTC领域的研究发展迅速,并已成为肿瘤领域的研究热点之一;美国在CTC研究领域占有绝对优势;中国虽然排名第4,但与美国、德国和日本还存在较大差距;挖掘出了CTC领域的20篇核心引文,掌握了目前CTC的主要研究热点和研究前沿。结论我国亟需进一步加强对CTC的研究,尤其应关注CTC由基础研究向临床研究转化的关键问题,为实现肿瘤的个体化治疗奠定基础。

ISI Web of Science数据库检索系统浅析

本文从ISI Web of Knowledge入手引出ISI Web of Science数据库,在简述ISI Web of Science这个多学科综合性学术期刊数据库的特点及其优越性的基础上;逐一介绍此数据库的检索系统所提供的快速检索、普通检索、被引文献检索、化学结构检索、高级检索等检索方法;以及检索方法的具体应用和检索结果的处理。

国际科学课程教学方法研究的新世纪图景——基于2000-2016年Web of Science数据库的统计和知识图谱分析

科学课程对于学生理解科学的本质、提高公民科学素养具有重要作用。选取Web of Science数据库2000-2016年4127篇有关科学课程教学方法的论文,运用文献计量学和科学知识图谱的方法,对国际科学课程教学法的研究现状进行统计与可视化分析。研究表明,新世纪以来,科学课程教学方法研究的热点主要围绕概念教学,研究前沿主要围绕科学论证、有意义评价以及学生合作。美国在科学课程研究方面具有绝对的强势地位,而中国尚未形成足够的国际学术影响力。

对英文科技期刊约稿的初浅认识和尝试--以Journal of Translational Neuroscience为例

目的作为一本新创的英文期刊,Journal of Translational Neuroscience杂志需要尽快提升其学术水平,扩大其社会影响力,以期能迅速在国际专业学术期刊界占有一席之地,通过约稿获得高质量的学术论文就显得至关重要。方法笔者从找准期刊学术定位、采取灵活多样的约稿方式、分析解决约稿过程中可能存在的问题以及如何做好约稿后续服务工作等几个方面入手,初浅分析探讨了关于期刊约稿的方式方法。结果通过期刊定位准确锁定目标作者群,依托自身优势资源,参与学术会议,通过编委约稿以及提供优质的后续服务等方法获得稳定的高质量作者群,从而获得持续的优秀稿源。结论拥有持续的高质量稿件是促使期刊进入良性循环的重要保障,通过约稿可以解决新创办的期刊无稿可用和缺少优秀稿件的难题,推动期刊走出困境,渐入正轨。

The Way to Improve the Teaching Quality of the Special English Curriculum for Medical Laboratory Science

Phenomenon: Nowadays, with rapidly developing in medical laboratory science(MLS), new concepts, knowledge and technologies are constantly emerging, which requires medical students to continuously learn to grasp the new development trend and the latest research progress. To enable the students to learn and make use of scientific knowledge better, the Special English Curriculum for MLS has been set up, which is very important to non-English-speaking students. However, there are many problems in the course of teaching, so the improved teaching quality of the curriculum is in demand. Approach: In this paper these problems are described and the corresponding advices are proposed from the perspectives of staff room, teachers and students, which are supposed to develop the curriculum for education of the medical laboratory scientists. Findings: To improve the teaching quality of the Special English Curriculum for MLS, the textbook should be appropriately selected or compiled, the novel teaching methods can be applied, and the modern multimedia teaching materials can be adopted.The teachers of the curriculum should be proficient in professional knowledge, English as well as the systematic and scientific teaching methods. The students need to have the courage and determination to overcome the difficulties when they learn the curriculum, and the students who have not did well in their lessons should learn to study by themselves. Insights: The Special English Curriculum for MLS is very important to non-English-speaking students and is kind of difficult for them, the staff room, teachers and students should adjust themselves to teach and learn the curriculum better.

国内外创新创业教育研究述评--基于CSSCI数据库和Web of Science数据库的研究

以中国知网CSSCI数据库和Web of Science数据库中发表的创新创业教育文献为研究对象,进行文献计量分析和社会网络分析,梳理发展脉络,对比研究差异。结果显示,我国在该领域研究发文数量少,质量不高,专业期刊级别较低。缺乏顶尖院校、研究院和行业龙头企业参与,尚未形成核心作者集群。与国情相关的实证研究少而不精,对社会迫切问题的研究不够深入。近两年,国内的研究热点开始发生变化,如结合了大数据、“互联网+”等。未来创新创业教育领域将更多强调协同创新和交叉融合,这将极大丰富我国创新创业教育的理论基础,并为该领域指明新的方向。

Strategic information perception methods and practices in the open source intelligence

Open source intelligence is one of the most important public data sources for strategic information analysis. One of the primary and core issues of strategic information research is information perception,so this paper mainly expounds the perception method for strategic information perception in the open source intelligence environment as well as the framework and basic process of information perception. This paper argues that in order to match the information perception result with the information depiction result,it conducts practical exploration for the results of information acquisition,perception,depiction and analysis. This paper introduces and develops a monitoring platform for information perception. The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible.

浅谈Web of Science数据库文献初级检索方法

笔者采用理论与实例相结合的方式,针对如何利用WOS数据库科学、高效检索信息,介绍了WebofScience数据库检索中常用的布尔逻辑算符、双引号和通配符等三种检索符号的使用方式,分析了WebofScience数据库中基本检索、被引参考文献检索和高级检索等三种检索功能的使用方法与技巧,以期为科研工作者高效利用WOS数据库的检索方法和技巧提供参考。

Multiple Hierarchy Decision Analysis of Science Funds Management System

This article discusses a multiple hierarchy decision analysis in which the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Delphi method were combined with practice of funds management so as to obtain a scientific management system. The design procedures and a practical example have been given to verify the feasibility. The work was supported by China National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF), and the introduced procedures have been used in some departments of the NNSF.

A Comparison between Neutron Activation Analysis and X-Ray Fluorescence Methods in Analyzing the Granite Samples

This study focused on the performance of where elements analysing techniques were used to detect the elements in granite stones. These techniques are NAA （neutron activation analysis） and XRF （X-ray fluorescence）. They were applied to detect the elements in samples which had been chosen from different areas of Pulua Penang in Malaysia collected by geophysics group which helped to describe and identify the elements found in the granite stone that were used in the study procedures to control the analytical results. The integration of both methods has enabled the researcher to determine 40 elements in the samples. The numbers of elements detected by XRF analysis method are 12 elements （Ar, K, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn）; while, the elements detected by NAA method have three folds of elements with XRF analysis method were 35 elements （Na, AI, Si, K, Ca, Sc,Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ga, Ce, As, Br, Rb, Zr, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Nd, Sm, Eu,Tb, Dy, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Pa and Np）. Seven common elements were detected in both techniques： K, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Fe and Co. Si has a higher concentration in NAA technique which is 331.8 ppm. Sc has a lower concentration in XRF technique which is 0.25 ppm. Nd has a lower concentration in NAA technique which is 3.09 - 10-5 ppm. Finally, it is found that the NAA is better to detect the elements than XRF.

Against the Authority of Books:Hobbes and the Invention of Political Science

In an age when political thinkers were writing books full of quotations of ancient and modern authors,Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury(1588-1679)developed a philosophical system which was based on scientific method rather than on the authority of books.He emphasized that the absurdities that philosophers fall into are actually due precisely to a lack of method and to the habit of quoting other thinkers as if the truth was to be found in their words.It is certainly not inappropriate to read what philosophers,historians,and poets wrote,whether for pure amusement or to find intellectual spurs useful for one’s own research and speculation;but the written word should not be confused with the truth.In the investigation aimed at discovering the truth in political matters,the philosopher must use his own intellect,relying on the strength of reasoning.Thus,political philosophy becomes a science:the science of“consequences from the accidents of politic bodies”.With his reflections on scientia civilis,Thomas Hobbes may be considered the inventor of political science.

新质生产力:指标构建与时空演进

新质生产力作为一个全新的概念,为中国的经济和社会发展指明了新的方向,对其内涵与意义的深度发掘至关重要。文章基于生产力的三大构成要件,在挖掘新质生产力长远要求原则下构建其综合评价指标体系,并运用熵值法对中国省域新质生产力发展水平进行测度。研究发现:(1)新质生产力从总体上呈增长趋势,但在南北、四大区域和五大经济带存在显著时空差异;(2)新质生产力在省域之间呈现梯度提升和发展不均衡特点;(3)分维度发现,生产资料对新质生产力提升的贡献度最高,劳动者维度的贡献最低且存在空间极化现象;(4)新质生产力具有显著的集聚效应,主要表现为低-低集聚和高-高集聚,并具有时空收敛性特征。进而提出优化人力资本结构、发挥新质生产力集聚效应和健全区域协调发展机制等政策建议。本文或可加深对中国新质生产力的时空发展格局的认知,为新质生产力培育进而促进经济高质量发展提供新思路。

中国人文社科领域研究方法应用的实证研究——基于大规模博士学位论文的调查

[目的/意义]研究方法的发展能在一定程度上反映学科的发展。目前鲜有针对中国整体人文社科领域研究方法使用的调研。对该领域不同学科研究方法的使用情况进行比较,可以揭示不同学科研究方法应用的特点,并为相关学者进行课题研究提供研究方法的使用建议。[方法/过程]与一般期刊论文相比,中国人文社科领域的博士学位论文中的研究方法通常会在特定的小节被明确阐述,便于提取分析。文章基于人文社科领域21个一级学科共63741篇博士学位论文,构建研究方法分类框架,抽取论文使用的研究方法,并从研究方法的使用频次、时间演化以及学科相关度角度进行深入分析。[结果/结论]中国人文社科领域研究方法命名存在不规范的问题,但方法意识正逐渐增强;比较分析法、历史分析法、文献研究法等经典的数据分析方法仍占主导地位;多数热门研究方法在人文社科领域不同学科之中存在一定的普适性。

信息资源管理学科研究方法知识库构建及其应用研究

文章主要介绍了邓胜利教授2023年国家社会科学基金重大项目中标选题“信息资源管理学科研究方法知识库构建及其应用研究”的相关研究内容。首先阐述了课题的选题背景及研究价值,在梳理国内外研究现状基础上,提出构建信息资源管理学科研究方法知识库的必要性和突破口;接着介绍了课题的总体框架、主要内容以及研究方法和研究目标;最后提出课题的重点、难点与创新之处。

出版学科高被引论文特征分析:研究方法、研究主题与知识扩散

对出版学科9种中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)来源期刊2013—2023年刊载的441篇高被引论文的研究方法、研究主题和知识扩散特征进行分析,研究发现:高被引论文较常用的研究方法包括理性思辨法、案例分析法、调查法、内容分析法等,同时,深度统计分析法、计量分析法等方法也被用于研究出版领域的问题,出版学科研究方法呈现多样化的趋势,开放采纳各种研究方法;出版学科研究主题特色鲜明,回应时代和行业关注,研究方法对学科研究主题有一定影响;高被引论文知识扩散范围较广,知识扩散强度在不同学科间存在差异,多元化研究方法有利于提升出版学科对其他学科的影响,加强学科间的知识交流。

农科特色有机化学课程的教学探索与实践

立足高等农林教育,从教学案例、教学方法、教师团队建设等方面对有机化学课程教学进行了探索和实践。教学实践表明,激发了学生的学习兴趣,拓展了学生的视野,助力学生领略了有机化学研究前沿(尤其是与农科交叉融合应用前沿)魅力,培养了学生的文化素养、职业素养和科学素养,塑造了学生“知农爱农”的情怀,厚植了学生的家国情怀;实现了知识传授、能力培养与价值引领的同向同行和交相辉映,有效解决了公共基础课与专业教育需求不能完全匹配的问题,充分发挥了课程在农科人才培养中的作用。