This is a collection of lecture notes of five applied mathematicians and acousticians.The authors are all world-famous authorities in their fields,showing for senioracousticians in their lectures the applications and ...This is a collection of lecture notes of five applied mathematicians and acousticians.The authors are all world-famous authorities in their fields,showing for senioracousticians in their lectures the applications and usefulness of various mathematicalmethods.It is not a book of mathematics,the emphesis is on its effectiveness to the ad-vanced study of dynamic mechanics problems as encountered in aeroacoustics andunderwater acoustics.And large number of references are cited for those who want to in-dulge further into the mathematical origins.展开更多
Background:Over half the world’s human populations are currently at risk from vector-borne diseases(VBDs),and the heaviest burden is borne by the world’s poorest people,communities,and countries.The aim of this stud...Background:Over half the world’s human populations are currently at risk from vector-borne diseases(VBDs),and the heaviest burden is borne by the world’s poorest people,communities,and countries.The aim of this study was to conduct a review on VBD interventions relevant to housing and hygiene(including sanitation and waste management)in urban areas.Main body:We conducted a scoping review,which involved systematically searching peer-reviewed and grey literature published between 2000 and 2016 using five scientific databases and one database for grey literature.Different data extraction tools were used for data coding and extraction.We assessed the quality of each study using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and extracted descriptive characteristics and data about implementation process and transferability from all studies using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication and ASTAIRE(a tool for analyzing the transferability of health promotion interventions)tools.We reviewed 44 studies.Overall,the studies were judged to be of high risk for bias.Our results suggest multifaceted interventions,particularly community-based interventions,have the potential to achieve wider and more sustained effects than do standard vertical single-component programs.The evaluations of multifaceted interventions tend to include integrated evaluations,using not only entomological indicators but also acceptability and sustainability indicators.Conclusions:This review highlighted the important need for higher quality research in VBDs and improved and standardized reporting of interventions.Significant research gaps were found regarding qualitative research and implementation research,and results highlighted the need for more interventions focus on sanitation and hygiene practices.展开更多
文摘This is a collection of lecture notes of five applied mathematicians and acousticians.The authors are all world-famous authorities in their fields,showing for senioracousticians in their lectures the applications and usefulness of various mathematicalmethods.It is not a book of mathematics,the emphesis is on its effectiveness to the ad-vanced study of dynamic mechanics problems as encountered in aeroacoustics andunderwater acoustics.And large number of references are cited for those who want to in-dulge further into the mathematical origins.
文摘Background:Over half the world’s human populations are currently at risk from vector-borne diseases(VBDs),and the heaviest burden is borne by the world’s poorest people,communities,and countries.The aim of this study was to conduct a review on VBD interventions relevant to housing and hygiene(including sanitation and waste management)in urban areas.Main body:We conducted a scoping review,which involved systematically searching peer-reviewed and grey literature published between 2000 and 2016 using five scientific databases and one database for grey literature.Different data extraction tools were used for data coding and extraction.We assessed the quality of each study using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and extracted descriptive characteristics and data about implementation process and transferability from all studies using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication and ASTAIRE(a tool for analyzing the transferability of health promotion interventions)tools.We reviewed 44 studies.Overall,the studies were judged to be of high risk for bias.Our results suggest multifaceted interventions,particularly community-based interventions,have the potential to achieve wider and more sustained effects than do standard vertical single-component programs.The evaluations of multifaceted interventions tend to include integrated evaluations,using not only entomological indicators but also acceptability and sustainability indicators.Conclusions:This review highlighted the important need for higher quality research in VBDs and improved and standardized reporting of interventions.Significant research gaps were found regarding qualitative research and implementation research,and results highlighted the need for more interventions focus on sanitation and hygiene practices.
