目的：用 Meta 分析的方法评价益生菌用于治疗重度急性胰腺炎（ severe acute pancreatitis， SAP ）的效果。方法检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库（ CBM）、中文科技期刊数据库（维普），中国期刊全文数据库...目的：用 Meta 分析的方法评价益生菌用于治疗重度急性胰腺炎（ severe acute pancreatitis， SAP ）的效果。方法检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库（ CBM）、中文科技期刊数据库（维普），中国期刊全文数据库（ CNKI），万方学术期刊全文数据库，全面查找益生菌治疗SAP的文献，评价纳入文献的方法学质量，用RevMan5．0软件统计分析。结果共纳入7篇文献，共有SAP患者654例，Meta分析结果显示实验组与对照组在病死率（ RR＝1．29，95％ CI：0．77～2．16，P＝0．33）、多器官衰竭发生率（RR＝0．81，95％CI：0．52～1．24，P＝0．33）、感染性并发症发生率（RR＝0．72，95％CI：0．37～1．39，P＝0．33）及抗生素使用率（RR＝0．89，95％CI：0．71～1．10，P＝0．28）方面均无统计学差异，但在胰腺脓肿发生率（RR＝0．53，95％CI：0．28～0．98，P＝0．04）方面存在统计学差异。结论益生菌不能降低SAP患者感染性并发症发生率、多器官衰竭发生率、抗生素使用率和病死率，但可能降低胰腺脓肿发生率。展开更多
To counteract the negative effects of forest fragmentation on wildlife, it is crucial to maintain functional ecological networks. We identified the ecological networks for 2 mammals with very different degrees of fore...To counteract the negative effects of forest fragmentation on wildlife, it is crucial to maintain functional ecological networks. We identified the ecological networks for 2 mammals with very different degrees of forest specialization, the European badger Meles metes and the Roe deer Capreolus capreolus, by differentiati ng 4 agroforestry eleme nts as either no des or conn ectivity elements, and by defining the distanee that provides the functional connectivity between fragments. Species occurrenee data were collected in a wide agroecosystem in northern Italy. To test the role of hedgerows, traditional poplar cultivations, short rotation coppices, and reforestations as ecological network elements for the 2 species we applied the method of simulated species perceptions of the Iandscape (SSPL), comparing the ability of different SSPLs to explain the observed species distribution. All analyses were repeated considering different seenarios of species movement ability through the matrix. Model outputs seem to show that the specialist and highly mobile Roe deer has the same movement ability throughout the matrix (2 km) as the European badger, a smaller, but generalist species. The ecological network identified for the European badger was widespread throughout the area and was composed of woodlands, poplar cultivations and hedgerows as nodes and short rotation coppices as connectivity elements. Conversely, the ecological network of the Roe deer was mostly limited to the main forest areas and was composed of woodlands, poplar cultivations and ref o restat i ons as no des and short rotation coppices and hedgerows as conn ectivity elements. The degree of forest specialization strongly affects both species perception of habitat and movement ability throughout the matrix, regardless of species size. This has important implications for species conservation.展开更多
文摘目的：用 Meta 分析的方法评价益生菌用于治疗重度急性胰腺炎（ severe acute pancreatitis， SAP ）的效果。方法检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库（ CBM）、中文科技期刊数据库（维普），中国期刊全文数据库（ CNKI），万方学术期刊全文数据库，全面查找益生菌治疗SAP的文献，评价纳入文献的方法学质量，用RevMan5．0软件统计分析。结果共纳入7篇文献，共有SAP患者654例，Meta分析结果显示实验组与对照组在病死率（ RR＝1．29，95％ CI：0．77～2．16，P＝0．33）、多器官衰竭发生率（RR＝0．81，95％CI：0．52～1．24，P＝0．33）、感染性并发症发生率（RR＝0．72，95％CI：0．37～1．39，P＝0．33）及抗生素使用率（RR＝0．89，95％CI：0．71～1．10，P＝0．28）方面均无统计学差异，但在胰腺脓肿发生率（RR＝0．53，95％CI：0．28～0．98，P＝0．04）方面存在统计学差异。结论益生菌不能降低SAP患者感染性并发症发生率、多器官衰竭发生率、抗生素使用率和病死率，但可能降低胰腺脓肿发生率。
文摘To counteract the negative effects of forest fragmentation on wildlife, it is crucial to maintain functional ecological networks. We identified the ecological networks for 2 mammals with very different degrees of forest specialization, the European badger Meles metes and the Roe deer Capreolus capreolus, by differentiati ng 4 agroforestry eleme nts as either no des or conn ectivity elements, and by defining the distanee that provides the functional connectivity between fragments. Species occurrenee data were collected in a wide agroecosystem in northern Italy. To test the role of hedgerows, traditional poplar cultivations, short rotation coppices, and reforestations as ecological network elements for the 2 species we applied the method of simulated species perceptions of the Iandscape (SSPL), comparing the ability of different SSPLs to explain the observed species distribution. All analyses were repeated considering different seenarios of species movement ability through the matrix. Model outputs seem to show that the specialist and highly mobile Roe deer has the same movement ability throughout the matrix (2 km) as the European badger, a smaller, but generalist species. The ecological network identified for the European badger was widespread throughout the area and was composed of woodlands, poplar cultivations and hedgerows as nodes and short rotation coppices as connectivity elements. Conversely, the ecological network of the Roe deer was mostly limited to the main forest areas and was composed of woodlands, poplar cultivations and ref o restat i ons as no des and short rotation coppices and hedgerows as conn ectivity elements. The degree of forest specialization strongly affects both species perception of habitat and movement ability throughout the matrix, regardless of species size. This has important implications for species conservation.
