Magnetic Helical Micro-and Nanorobots:Toward Their Biomedical Applications

Magnetic helical micro- and nanorobots can perform 3D navigation in various liquids with a sub- micrometer precision under low-strength rotating magnetic fields （〈 10 rer）. Since magnetic fields with low strengths are harmless to cells and tissues, magnetic helical micro/ nanorobots are promising tools for biomedical applications, such as minimally invasive surgery, cell manipulation and analysis, and targeted therapy. This review provides general information on magnetic helical micro/nanorobots, including their fabrication, motion control, and further functionalization for biomedical applications.

Recent Advances in One‑Dimensional Micro/Nanomotors:Fabrication,Propulsion and Application

Due to their tiny size,autonomous motion and functionalize modifications,micro/nanomotors have shown great potential for environmental remediation,biomedicine and micro/nano-engineering.One-dimensional(1D)micro/nanomotors combine the characteristics of anisotropy and large aspect ratio of 1D materials with the advantages of functionalization and autonomous motion of micro/nanomotors for revolutionary applications.In this review,we discuss current research progress on 1D micro/nanomotors,including the fabrication methods,driving mechanisms,and recent advances in environmental remediation and biomedical applications,as well as discuss current challenges and possible solutions.With continuous attention and innovation,the advancement of 1D micro/nanomotors will pave the way for the continued development of the micro/nanomotor field.

Bioinspired micro/nanostructured surfaces prepared by femtosecond laser direct writing for multi-functional applications

manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision,simplicity,and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods(e.g.ion etching,sol-gel process,chemical vapor deposition,template method,and self-assembly).These biomimetic micro/nanostructured surfaces are of significant interest for academic and industrial research due to their wide range of potential applications,including self-cleaning surfaces,oil-water separation,and fog collection.This review presents the inherent relationship between natural organisms,fabrication methods,micro/nanostructures and their potential applications.Thereafter,we throw a list of current fabrication strategies so as to highlight the advantages of FLDW in manufacturing bioinspired microstructured surfaces.Subsequently,we summarize a variety of typical bioinspired designs(e.g.lotus leaf,pitcher plant,rice leaf,butterfly wings,etc)for diverse multifunctional micro/nanostructures through extreme femtosecond laser processing technology.Based on the principle of interfacial chemistry and geometrical optics,we discuss the potential applications of these functional micro/nanostructures and assess the underlying challenges and opportunities in the extreme fabrication of bioinspired micro/nanostructures by FLDW.This review concludes with a follow up and an outlook of femtosecond laser processing in biomimetic domains.

State of the Art of Micro-CT Applications in Dental Research

This review highlights the recent advances in X-ray microcomputed tomography （Micro-CT） applied in dental research. It summarizes Micro-CT applications in mea- surement of enamel thickness, root canal morphology, evaluation of root canal preparation, craniofacial skeletalstructure, micro finite element modeling, dental tissue engineering, mineral density of dental hard tissues and about dental implants. Details of studies in each of these areas are highlighted along with the advantages of Micro-CT, and finally a summary of the future applications of Micro-CT in dental research is given.

STUDY AND APPLICATION OF SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MICRO AMOUNTS OF BISMUTH WITH MESO—TETRAKIS—(4—N—TRIMETHYL AMMONIUMPHENYL)PORPHINE

A new highly sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of micro amounts of bismuth (Ⅲ), based on the formation of Bi (Ⅲ)—meso—tetrakis—(4—N—trimethylammonium phenyl) porphine [T (4TMAP) P] complex. In the presence of Cd (Ⅱ), Bi(Ⅲ) reacts almost instantaneously with T (4TMAP)P in a 0. 6 mol/l NaAc—HAC buffer (PH5.8) at room temperature. The composition of the complex is T(4TMAP)P: Bi=1:1. The absorbance complex obeys Beer's law over the Bi(Ⅲ) concentration range 0.1—1.4 μg/ml. The linear relative coefficient γ is 0.9998. The apparent molar absorptivity was 1.75×10~5 1. mol^(-1). cm^(-1) at 463nm. The relative standard deviation of the method is 1.50％ for Bi(Ⅲ) 7ug/10ml (10 determinations). The interference of foreign ions has been examined. This simple and rapid method can be applied to the assay of Bi(Ⅲ) in some tablets directly.

Effects of Soil Applications of Micro-Nutrients and Chelating Agent Citric Acid on Mineral Nutrients in Soybean Seeds

Micro-nutrient deficiency in soil results in crop yield loss and poor seed quality. Correcting this deficiency is normally done by foliar or soil application. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of soil applications of five micro-nutrients (Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, and B) alone and in combination with a chelating agent citric acid (CA) on soybean leaf and seed nutrients. Source of micro-nutrient compounds were MnCl2, CuCl2, ZnCl2, MoO3, and H3BO3. Our hypothesis was that micro-and macro-nutrients may be transported to leaves and then to seeds at different rates. They may interact synergistically or competitively during the uptake process. A greenhouse experiment was conducted at Mississippi Valley State University, Itta Bena, Mississippi, USA. Soybean cultivar, Bolivar (maturity group V), was applied with micro-nutrients-chelating agent citric acid at V3 and R3 (pod initiation) stage. The results showed that applications of Cu, Zn, B and Mo increased three unrolled trifoliate leaves Cu, Zn, B by 26.5%, 13.8%, 113% and Mo increased to 179 mg/kg, respectively in the leaves. Also, the application of “Cu, Zn, B and Mo increased Cu, Zn, B by 55.5%, 8.2%, 28.6% and Mo increased to 202 mg/kg” respectively in soybean seeds. Application of Mn had no direct effect on increasing Mn either in leaves or in seeds, however, Mn and Mn + CA treatment affected other mineral contents. Application of Cu, Zn, Mo, B and CA increased macro-nutrients K, N, P, Mg, and S. Irrespective of the applications, the nutrient increase trend in seed was Na > Fe > Zn > Mn > B > Cu > Mo. However, Mo application resulted in the following seed nutrient accumulation pattern: Na > Mo > Fe > Zn > Mn > B > Cu. This may suggest that Mo had higher mobility to seeds than other micro-nutrients. Combination of soil application of Mo + CA increased Mo in leaves at V3 stage;however, Mo + CA soil application during pod-filling stage had no significant effects on Mo accumulation in seeds. The current research showed that some micro-nutrient application with the chelating agent CA could increase seed nutrients. Since these results are conducted under greenhouse experiments, further research under field conditions is needed before conclusive recommendations are made.

Potential application of functional micro-nano structures in petroleum

This paper takes micro-nano motors and metamaterials as examples to introduce the basic concept and development of functional micro nano structures, and analyzes the application potential of the micro-nano structure design and manufacturing technology in the petroleum industry. The functional micro-nano structure is the structure and device with special functions prepared to achieve a specific goal. New functional micro-nano structures are classified into mobile type(e.g. micro-nano motors) and fixed type(e.g. metamaterials), and 3 D printing technology is a developed method of manufacturing. Combining the demand for exploration and development in oil and gas fields and the research status of intelligent micro-nano structures, we believe that there are 3 potential application directions:(1) The intelligent micro-nano structures represented by metamaterials and smart coatings can be applied to the oil recovery engineering technology and equipment to improve the stability and reliability of petroleum equipment.(2) The smart micro-nano robots represented by micro-motors and smart microspheres can be applied to the development of new materials for enhanced oil recovery, effectively improving the development efficiency of heavy oil, shale oil and other resources.(3) The intelligent structure manufacturing technology represented by 3 D printing technology can be applied to the field of microfluidics in reservoir fluids to guide the selection of mine flooding agents and improve the efficiency of mining.

Progress of Study on Application of Rare Earth Metals in Steels

With the improvement of the clean steel by degrees, the functions of rare earth metals in steel are more focused on modification of inclusions and micro alloying.The new study concerning the application of RE metals in clean steels were investigated by ICP, metallographic examination, SEM, EDS, EPMA, TEM and IMMA.The mechanism of corrosion resistance in the weather resistance steel was clarified.The mechanism of abrasion resistance and the life of fatigue enhanced in the RE - heavy rails steel were discussed.Progress in study of application of rare earth metals in steels (including weather resistance steel, low alloy steel, and heavy rails steel) was covered in this paper.

Micro-CT在实验动物疾病模型中的应用

微计算机断层扫描技术(micro-computed tomography, Micro-CT)作为一种无创性技术手段,在动物实验中应用广泛,可用于辅助检测多种动物疾病模型,包括骨骼疾病、肺部疾病、口腔疾病、代谢性疾病、中耳及内耳疾病以及肿瘤等,能够提供多样性、科学性和可靠性的影像数据,因此已经成为动物实验中必不可少的实验工具之一。本综述将深入介绍Micro-CT的成像原理、梳理其在动物疾病模型研究中的应用,并总结了Micro-CT技术上的局限性并对未来的前景进行展望。

微课(Microlecture)结合翻转课堂(Flipped Classroom)在医学机能实验教学中的应用

目的观察在生理学实验教学中实施微课结合翻转课堂的效果。方法在我院生理学实验教学中进行微课结合翻转课堂教学,和以往教学进行比较。结果在实施微课结合翻转课堂的教学后,总成绩分数为(91.05±6.42)分,实施微课结合翻转课堂前的总成绩分数为(70.56±4.13)分。通过统计学分析显示,微课结合翻转课堂可提升生理学实验教学的总成绩,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在医学机能实验教学中实施微课结合翻转课堂教学可取得更好的教学效果。

MicroRNA与胰岛β细胞的再生与分化及中药的靶向治疗

micro RNA(mi RNA)是一类长度约为18-25个核苷酸的非编码RNA,参与基因的转录后调控过程。近年研究发现,mi RNA在胰腺发育、胰岛素基因的表达、胰岛素的合成和分泌过程中发挥着重要调节作用。胰岛内一些mi RNA可影响胰岛β细胞的增殖和分化。mi RNA具有组织特异性,其表达改变与某些疾病的发生密切相关;而与中医证候本质的相关联研究可为糖尿病的中医药治疗提供新的思路。

A NEW TYPE OF MICROPUMP DRIVEN BY A LOW ELECTRIC VOLTAGE

In this paper,we propose a new prototype model of a micro pump using ICPF(Ionic Conducting Polymer Film)actuator as the servo actuator.This micro pump consists of two active one- way valves that make use of the same ICPF actuator.The overall size of this micro pump prototype is 12mm in diameter and 20mm in length.The actuating mechanism is as follows:(1)The ICPF actuator as the diaphragm is bent into anode side by application of electricity.Then the volume of the pump chamber increases,resulting in the inflow of liquid from the inlet to the chamber.(2)By changing the current direction,the volume of the pump chamber decreases,resulting in the liquid flow from the chamber to the outlet.(3)The ICPF actuator is put on a sine voltage,the micro pump provides liquid flow from the inlet to the outlet continuously.Characteristic of the micro pump is measured.The experimental results indicate that the micro pump has the satisfactory responses.

MicroRNA在伊犁哈萨克族人群冠心病发生机制中的作用及其临床应用

目的探析MicroRNA在伊犁哈萨克族人群冠心病发生机制中的作用及其临床应用。方法方便选取2013年10月—2015年12月于新疆伊宁市伊犁州友谊医院心血管介入科收治的100例新疆哈萨克族冠心病患者作为病例组,另选同期100例新疆哈萨克族非冠心病患者为对照组,在征得两组患者知情同意下采集空腹静脉血后对其micro RNA表达进行测定和比较。结果两组miR-1、miR-133、miR-208a、miR-135a、miR-198、miR-17、miR-26、miR-92a、miR-147分别为(1.59±0.21)、(1.55±0.25)、(1.42±0.18)、(1.38±0.22)、(1.36±0.24)、(0.88±0.20)、(0.85±0.15)、(0.81±0.19)、(0.80±0.20)和(0.75±0.25)、(0.95±0.22)、(0.90±0.20)、(0.82±0.18)、(1.00±0.15)、(1.16±0.21)、(1.18±0.22)、(1.15±0.25)、(1.17±0.23),二者相比较,观察组miR-1、miR-133、miR-208a、miR-135a、miR-198高于对照组,miR-17、miR-26、miR-92a、miR-147低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Micro RNA在伊犁哈萨克族人群冠心病中表达的升高或下降可加重炎症反应、抑制内皮祖细胞增殖、损伤心肌细胞,除了能够作为冠心病生物标志物外还可成为治疗新靶点,值得在临床工作中推广使用。

A Protocol to Develop Phenolic Emulsifiers Used in Micro-surface by Control Technology

The phenolic emulsifiers used in emulsified asphalt of micro-surfacing, which was the most important tools in the road maintenance, were investigated by control technology. Many factors influencing this reaction were studied and three kinds of phenolic emulsifiers were prepared without catalyst in ethanol. The performance was researched that 2-（{2-[2-（2-Amino-ethylamino）-ethylamino]-ethyl-amino}-methyl）-4- nonyl-phenol （abbreviated as TETA） could be used in micro-surface. With addition of 0.5 % demulsifier, the mixing time was extended to 120 seconds obviously, and the cohesion torque （60 min） was 2.8 N＊m, which satisfied the opening traffic time shorter than 1 h. The wet track abrasion （6 d） was lower than 807 g/m2, with interracial modifier added, but the load wheel was increased with interfacial modifier increasing. When the TETA： demulsifier： interracial modifier =3：1：3, excellent performance was obtained and the experimental results met the International Slurry Surfacing Association （ISSA） standard. The synthesis process of this emulsifier is simple and the performance used in micro-surface was excellent, so this kind of emulsifier could have a better application future.

牙齿髓室和根管影像中Micro CT应用的价值研究

目的:研究牙齿髓室和根管影像中Micro CT的应用价值。方法:运用Micro CT对年轻女性右侧下颌第一磨牙进行扫描,分段直观比较所得到的图像与螺旋CT扫描得到的图像,分根管显影情况为4个等级,然后对两种方法的根管显影情况进行统计分析。结果:Micro CT获取断层影像张数(400张)明显比螺旋CT(164张)多(P<0.05),影像显示清晰度明显比螺旋CT高(P<0.05)。具体表现在Micro CT较螺旋CT具有更为细密的图像结果分层,较为清晰的边界和根管显影,从髓腔到根尖部均有较好的根管影像。结论:牙齿髓室和根管影像中Micro CT扫描的牙齿图像具有清晰的边界,和实际情况相符,能够将所需要研究的临床问题正确反映出来。

考虑氢能应用的光伏直流微电网中储能容量配置寻优方法研究

针对光伏出力的间歇性与不稳定性,使得单纯依赖蓄电池进行能量平抑和调节,难以满足微电网持续稳定运行的需求,提出考虑氢能应用的光伏直流微电网中储能容量配置寻优方法。考虑氢能在光伏直流微电网中的应用,对光伏电池、蓄电池以及电解槽—储氢罐—燃料电池建模分析。根据建模分析结果,设计功率平抑控制策略与混合储能充放电管理策略。将最大化年净利润与光伏自消纳率作为优化目标,建立储能容量配置优化模型,获得储能容量最优配置结果。实验结果表明,应用所提方法后,光伏直流微电网的功率偏移率实现了显著的降低,调峰能力得到了有效优化,并且调度后微电网的自平衡率大幅提升,表明该方法具有良好的容量配置效果。

应用型高校现代产业学院发展路径探析——基于微专业建设的视角

现代产业学院作为应用型高校深化产教融合的新型组织,是赋能应用型人才培养提质增效的重要路径。基于微专业建设的视角,深入剖析当前应用型高校现代产业学院建设存在目标定位不明确、体制机制不健全、师资队伍建设不充分、实践教学开展不到位、绩效评价不科学等问题,提出:明确培养目标,推进内涵建设;健全体制机制,实现政策协同;建设专业队伍,保证教学实施;提升应用能力,突出实践教学;构建评价体系,促进教育发展等对策,推进现代产业学院实现高质量发展。

氟化石墨烯的理化性能、制备改性及摩擦学研究进展

氟化石墨烯(FG)作为1种石墨烯衍生物,兼具石墨烯材料低剪切、高承载的力学性能以及氟化碳材料独特的理化性能.相较于其他固体润滑材料,FG在极压性与减摩抗磨性等方面表现出了巨大的性能优势,成为当前固体润滑领域研究的热点材料.本文中梳理总结了近年来FG在制备方法、修饰改性、分散稳定性、润滑机制与润滑应用等方面的研究进展以及在应用过程中存在的主要问题,并对未来FG在摩擦学领域的主要研究方向与应用前景提出了一些建议和展望.

基于学生自制微课的TBL教学法在口腔正畸教学中的应用

目的:探讨基于学生自制微课的TBL教学方法在口腔正畸弓丝弯制教学中的应用效果。方法:于2019年9月至10月选取60名中国医科大学本科生随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组采用基于学生自制微课的TBL教学法,对照组采用传统教学法,课程结束后进行理论知识及技能操作考核。结果:试验组理论知识及技能操作成绩均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于学生自制微课的TBL教学法提倡学生积极参与、自主学习、深度探索、沟通合作,有效提高口腔正畸弓丝弯制教学质量,值得推广使用。

混合教学模式在“妇产科学”课程本科生教学中的应用探究

通过详细分析混合教学模式在妇产科本科生教学中的实践应用,主要选取2022级基础医学院本科的45名学生为研究对象,将学生分为观察组与对照组两组。对照组的学生主要采用传统教学模式,学生以课堂接受教育模式为主;观察组学生采用除了传统教学模式外,增加慕课、微课的混合教学模式。对两组学生的考试成绩及教学满意度进行对比分析,结果表明,通过细致地研究分析,观察组学生的考试成绩及对教学满意度均明显高于对照组(p<0.05)。可见,传统单一性的教学模式存在一定局限性,无法满足学生的实际学习需求,基于慕课、微课的混合教学模式更适合学生,能够激发学生学习兴趣,提高学习效率,对学生的全面发展有积极意义。