This study describes a novel micro proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)(active area,2.5 cm2).The flow field plate is manufactured by applying micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS) technology to silicon substrates...This study describes a novel micro proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)(active area,2.5 cm2).The flow field plate is manufactured by applying micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS) technology to silicon substrates to etch flow channels without a gold-coating.Therefore,this investigation used MEMS technology for fabrication of a flow field plate and presents a novel fabrication procedure.Various operating parameters,such as fuel temperature and fuel stoichiometric flow rate,are tested to optimize micro PEMFC performance.A single micro PEMFC using MEMS technology reveals the ideal performance of the proposed fuel cell.The optimal power density approaches 232.75 mW·cm-1 when the fuel cell is operated at ambient condition with humidified,heated fuel.展开更多
A micro direct methanol fuel cell(μDMFC) is suitable for use in notebook computers,mobile phones,and other digital products.To resolve the poor mass-transport efficiency problem in the anode flow channel,this paper p...A micro direct methanol fuel cell(μDMFC) is suitable for use in notebook computers,mobile phones,and other digital products.To resolve the poor mass-transport efficiency problem in the anode flow channel,this paper presents an N-inputs-N-outputs parallel flow pattern with rectangular convexes to reinforce methanol mass transport and reduce concentration polarization.The simulation results show that the N-inputs-N-outputs parallel flow channels with the rectangle convexes improve the performance.μDMFCs,which have four anode flow patterns,are fabricated using MEMS(microelectromechanical systems) technology.The experimental results show that the μDMFC with the rectangle convexes has a performance better than previously reported systems,and has a peak power density of 19.96 mW/cm2.The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement.展开更多
Cobalt and copper recovery from aqueous Co （II） and Cu（II） is one critical step for cobalt and copper wastewaters treatment. Previous tests have primarily examined Cu（II） and Co（II） removal in microbial electr...Cobalt and copper recovery from aqueous Co （II） and Cu（II） is one critical step for cobalt and copper wastewaters treatment. Previous tests have primarily examined Cu（II） and Co（II） removal in microbial electro- lysis cells （MECs） with abiotic cathodes and driven by microbial fuel cell （MFCs）. However, Cu（II） and Co（II） removal rates were still slow. Here we report MECs with biocathodes and driven by MFCs where enhanced removal rates of 6.0＋0.2mg·L^-1·h^-1 for Cu（II） at an initial concentration of 50 mg·L^-1 and 5.3~0.4mg·L^-1·h^-1 for Co（II） at an initial 40 mg· L^-1 were achieved, 1.7 times and 3.3 times as high as those in MECs with abiotic cathodes and driven by MFCs. Species of Cu（II） was reduced to pure copper on the cathodes of MFCs whereas Co（II） was removed associated with microorganisms on the cathodes of the connected MECs. Higher Cu（II） concentrations and smaller working volumes in the cathode chambers of MFCs further improved removal rates of Cu（II） （115.7 mg·L^-1·h^-1） and Co（II） （6.4 mg·L^-1·h^-1） with concomi- tantly achieving hydrogen generation （0.054-0.00 mol·mol^-1 COD）. Phylogenetic analysis on the bio- cathodes indicates Proteobacteria dominantly accounted for 67.9% of the total reads, followed by Firmicutes （14.0%）, Bacteroidetes （6.1%）, Tenericutes （2.5%）, Lentisphaerae （1.4%）, and Synergistetes （1.0%）. This study provides a beneficial attempt to achieve simultaneous enhanced Cu（II） and Co（II） removal, and efficient Cu（II） and Co（II） wastewaters treatment without any external energy consumption.展开更多
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) micro tubular electrolyte membranes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were prepared via the combined wet phase inversion and sintering technique. The as-derived YSZ mi- cro tubes cons...Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) micro tubular electrolyte membranes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were prepared via the combined wet phase inversion and sintering technique. The as-derived YSZ mi- cro tubes consist of a thin dense skin layer and a thick porous layer that can serve as the electrode of fuel cells. The dense and the porous electrolyte layers have the thickness of 3-5 μm and 70-90 μm, respectively, while the inner surface porosity of the porous layer is higher than 28.1%. The two layers are perfectly integrated together to preclude the crack or flake of electrolyte film from the electrode. The presented method possesses distinct advantages such as technological simplicity, low cost and high reliability, and thus provides a new route for the preparation of micro tubular SOFCs.展开更多
1 Results The effects of different operating parameters on micro proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance were experimentally studied for three different flow field configurations (interdigitated,mesh,and ...1 Results The effects of different operating parameters on micro proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance were experimentally studied for three different flow field configurations (interdigitated,mesh,and serpentine).Experiments with different cell operating temperatures and different backpressures on the H2 flow channels,as well as various combinations of these parameters,have been conducted for three different flow geometries.The micro PEM fuel cells were designed and fabricated in-house t...展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science Council (NSC 97-2221-E-009-067)
文摘This study describes a novel micro proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)(active area,2.5 cm2).The flow field plate is manufactured by applying micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS) technology to silicon substrates to etch flow channels without a gold-coating.Therefore,this investigation used MEMS technology for fabrication of a flow field plate and presents a novel fabrication procedure.Various operating parameters,such as fuel temperature and fuel stoichiometric flow rate,are tested to optimize micro PEMFC performance.A single micro PEMFC using MEMS technology reveals the ideal performance of the proposed fuel cell.The optimal power density approaches 232.75 mW·cm-1 when the fuel cell is operated at ambient condition with humidified,heated fuel.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60806037 and 61076105)the National High-Tech Research & Development Program of China (2006AA04Z353)+1 种基金the Natural Science Research Innovation Foundation of the Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT. NSRIF. 2009008)the Key Laboratory Opening Funding of Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of the Ministry of Education (HIT. KLOF. 2009003)
文摘A micro direct methanol fuel cell(μDMFC) is suitable for use in notebook computers,mobile phones,and other digital products.To resolve the poor mass-transport efficiency problem in the anode flow channel,this paper presents an N-inputs-N-outputs parallel flow pattern with rectangular convexes to reinforce methanol mass transport and reduce concentration polarization.The simulation results show that the N-inputs-N-outputs parallel flow channels with the rectangle convexes improve the performance.μDMFCs,which have four anode flow patterns,are fabricated using MEMS(microelectromechanical systems) technology.The experimental results show that the μDMFC with the rectangle convexes has a performance better than previously reported systems,and has a peak power density of 19.96 mW/cm2.The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement.
文摘Cobalt and copper recovery from aqueous Co （II） and Cu（II） is one critical step for cobalt and copper wastewaters treatment. Previous tests have primarily examined Cu（II） and Co（II） removal in microbial electro- lysis cells （MECs） with abiotic cathodes and driven by microbial fuel cell （MFCs）. However, Cu（II） and Co（II） removal rates were still slow. Here we report MECs with biocathodes and driven by MFCs where enhanced removal rates of 6.0＋0.2mg·L^-1·h^-1 for Cu（II） at an initial concentration of 50 mg·L^-1 and 5.3~0.4mg·L^-1·h^-1 for Co（II） at an initial 40 mg· L^-1 were achieved, 1.7 times and 3.3 times as high as those in MECs with abiotic cathodes and driven by MFCs. Species of Cu（II） was reduced to pure copper on the cathodes of MFCs whereas Co（II） was removed associated with microorganisms on the cathodes of the connected MECs. Higher Cu（II） concentrations and smaller working volumes in the cathode chambers of MFCs further improved removal rates of Cu（II） （115.7 mg·L^-1·h^-1） and Co（II） （6.4 mg·L^-1·h^-1） with concomi- tantly achieving hydrogen generation （0.054-0.00 mol·mol^-1 COD）. Phylogenetic analysis on the bio- cathodes indicates Proteobacteria dominantly accounted for 67.9% of the total reads, followed by Firmicutes （14.0%）, Bacteroidetes （6.1%）, Tenericutes （2.5%）, Lentisphaerae （1.4%）, and Synergistetes （1.0%）. This study provides a beneficial attempt to achieve simultaneous enhanced Cu（II） and Co（II） removal, and efficient Cu（II） and Co（II） wastewaters treatment without any external energy consumption.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA03Z464)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20676073) National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grant No. 2007CB209700)
文摘Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) micro tubular electrolyte membranes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were prepared via the combined wet phase inversion and sintering technique. The as-derived YSZ mi- cro tubes consist of a thin dense skin layer and a thick porous layer that can serve as the electrode of fuel cells. The dense and the porous electrolyte layers have the thickness of 3-5 μm and 70-90 μm, respectively, while the inner surface porosity of the porous layer is higher than 28.1%. The two layers are perfectly integrated together to preclude the crack or flake of electrolyte film from the electrode. The presented method possesses distinct advantages such as technological simplicity, low cost and high reliability, and thus provides a new route for the preparation of micro tubular SOFCs.
文摘1 Results The effects of different operating parameters on micro proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance were experimentally studied for three different flow field configurations (interdigitated,mesh,and serpentine).Experiments with different cell operating temperatures and different backpressures on the H2 flow channels,as well as various combinations of these parameters,have been conducted for three different flow geometries.The micro PEM fuel cells were designed and fabricated in-house t...
