Background:The broodstock diet,and in particular the lipid and fatty acid composition of the diet,is known to play a key role in reproductive efficiency and survival of the progeny in fish.A major problem when replaci...Background:The broodstock diet,and in particular the lipid and fatty acid composition of the diet,is known to play a key role in reproductive efficiency and survival of the progeny in fish.A major problem when replacing both fish meal and fish oil by plant sources is the lack of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA).To address this problem,we studied the effect of the plant-based diet supplemented with Schizochytrium sp.microalgae,source of DHA,compared to a conventional commercial diet rich in fish meal and fish oil on reproductive performance and egg quality and the consequences on progeny,in female rainbow trout broodstock.Results:The results demonstrated that DHA-rich microalgae supplementation in a plant-based diet allowed for the maintenance of reproductive performance and egg quality comparable to a conventional commercial feed rich in fish meal and fish oil and led to an increased significant fry survival after resorption.Moreover,when females were fed a plant-based diet supplemented with micro-algae,the 4-month-old progenies showed a significant higher growth when they were challenged with a similar diet as broodstock during 1 month.We provide evidence for metabolic programming in which the maternal dietary induced significant protracted effects on lipid metabolism of progeny.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that supplementation of a plant-based diet with DHA-rich microalgae can be an effective alternative to fish meal and fish oil in rainbow trout broodstock aquafeed.展开更多
Spores of ferns and allied plants, and micro-algae frequently occur in abundance in Quaternary deposits, but their palaeoenvironmental significance is seldom evaluated. This paper presents morphological descriptions o...Spores of ferns and allied plants, and micro-algae frequently occur in abundance in Quaternary deposits, but their palaeoenvironmental significance is seldom evaluated. This paper presents morphological descriptions of spores of Selaginella sinensis (Desv.) Spring, 1843 (Selaginellaceae) and Ceratopteris cf. thalictroides (L.) Brongniart, 1821 (Parkeriaceae) and the algae Pediastrum boryanum (Turpin) Meneghini, 1840, P. simplex Meyen, 1829, P. integrum N geli, 1849 (all Hydrodictyaceae), Spiniferites Mantell, 1850, emend. Sarjeant, 1970 (Spiniferitaceae) and Concentricystes Rossignal, 1962, emend. Jiabo, 1978 (systematic position unclear), and discusses their occurrence in mostly Quaternary sedimentary successions. All are closely associated with aquatic habitats. Extant Selaginella sinensis often colonizes fairly wet hillsides and gaps between rocks, and shady sides of ravines and slopes; it is also found within thickets of trees and shrubs (boscages) and in forests with calcareous soils. Ceratopteris thalictroides, Pediastrum and Concentricystes inhabit freshwater lakes and both natural and artificial wetlands, such as paddy fields and ditches. Spiniferites is a salt-water genus and usually associated with the marine realm. Fossil and subfossil representatives of all of these taxa can be useful proxies of biodiversity and, therefore, also important for determining environmental conditions during the Quaternary period.展开更多
基金funded by FEAMP(NutriEgg N°PFEA470016FA1000002).
文摘Background:The broodstock diet,and in particular the lipid and fatty acid composition of the diet,is known to play a key role in reproductive efficiency and survival of the progeny in fish.A major problem when replacing both fish meal and fish oil by plant sources is the lack of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA).To address this problem,we studied the effect of the plant-based diet supplemented with Schizochytrium sp.microalgae,source of DHA,compared to a conventional commercial diet rich in fish meal and fish oil on reproductive performance and egg quality and the consequences on progeny,in female rainbow trout broodstock.Results:The results demonstrated that DHA-rich microalgae supplementation in a plant-based diet allowed for the maintenance of reproductive performance and egg quality comparable to a conventional commercial feed rich in fish meal and fish oil and led to an increased significant fry survival after resorption.Moreover,when females were fed a plant-based diet supplemented with micro-algae,the 4-month-old progenies showed a significant higher growth when they were challenged with a similar diet as broodstock during 1 month.We provide evidence for metabolic programming in which the maternal dietary induced significant protracted effects on lipid metabolism of progeny.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that supplementation of a plant-based diet with DHA-rich microalgae can be an effective alternative to fish meal and fish oil in rainbow trout broodstock aquafeed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40971029, 41072251 and 41171162)Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-155)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (113106)
文摘Spores of ferns and allied plants, and micro-algae frequently occur in abundance in Quaternary deposits, but their palaeoenvironmental significance is seldom evaluated. This paper presents morphological descriptions of spores of Selaginella sinensis (Desv.) Spring, 1843 (Selaginellaceae) and Ceratopteris cf. thalictroides (L.) Brongniart, 1821 (Parkeriaceae) and the algae Pediastrum boryanum (Turpin) Meneghini, 1840, P. simplex Meyen, 1829, P. integrum N geli, 1849 (all Hydrodictyaceae), Spiniferites Mantell, 1850, emend. Sarjeant, 1970 (Spiniferitaceae) and Concentricystes Rossignal, 1962, emend. Jiabo, 1978 (systematic position unclear), and discusses their occurrence in mostly Quaternary sedimentary successions. All are closely associated with aquatic habitats. Extant Selaginella sinensis often colonizes fairly wet hillsides and gaps between rocks, and shady sides of ravines and slopes; it is also found within thickets of trees and shrubs (boscages) and in forests with calcareous soils. Ceratopteris thalictroides, Pediastrum and Concentricystes inhabit freshwater lakes and both natural and artificial wetlands, such as paddy fields and ditches. Spiniferites is a salt-water genus and usually associated with the marine realm. Fossil and subfossil representatives of all of these taxa can be useful proxies of biodiversity and, therefore, also important for determining environmental conditions during the Quaternary period.
