Imaging plate scanners calibration and the attenuation behavior of imaging plate signals

Based on previously reported work, we propose a new method for calibrating image plate(IP) scanners, offering greater flexibility and convenience, which can be extended to the calibration tasks of various scanner models. This method was applied to calibrate the sensitivity of a GE Typhoon FLA 7000 scanner. Additionally, we performed a calibration of the spontaneous signal attenuation behavior for BAS-MS, BAS-SR, and BAS-TR type IPs under the 20±1℃ environmental conditions, and observed significant signal carrier diffusion behavior in BAS-MS IP. The calibration results lay a foundation for further research on the interaction between ultra-short, ultra-intense lasers and matter.

Optimization method of Hadamard coding plate inγ‑ray computational ghost imaging

Owing to the constraints on the fabrication ofγ-ray coding plates with many pixels,few studies have been carried out onγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Thus,the development of coding plates with fewer pixels is essential to achieveγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Based on the regional similarity between Hadamard subcoding plates,this study presents an optimization method to reduce the number of pixels of Hadamard coding plates.First,a moving distance matrix was obtained to describe the regional similarity quantitatively.Second,based on the matrix,we used two ant colony optimization arrangement algorithms to maximize the reuse of pixels in the regional similarity area and obtain new compressed coding plates.With full sampling,these two algorithms improved the pixel utilization of the coding plate,and the compression ratio values were 54.2%and 58.9%,respectively.In addition,three undersampled sequences(the Harr,Russian dolls,and cake-cutting sequences)with different sampling rates were tested and discussed.With different sampling rates,our method reduced the number of pixels of all three sequences,especially for the Russian dolls and cake-cutting sequences.Therefore,our method can reduce the number of pixels,manufacturing cost,and difficulty of the coding plate,which is beneficial for the implementation and application ofγ-ray computational ghost imaging.

Counting of alpha particle tracks on imaging plate based on a convolutional neural network

Imaging plates are widely used to detect alpha particles to track information,and the number of alpha particle tracks is affected by the overlapping and fading effects of the track information.In this study,an experiment and a simulation were used to calibrate the efficiency parameter of an imaging plate,which was used to calculate the grayscale.Images were created by using grayscale,which trained the convolutional neural network to count the alpha tracks.The results demonstrated that the trained convolutional neural network can evaluate the alpha track counts based on the source and background images with a wider linear range,which was unaffected by the overlapping effect.The alpha track counts were unaffected by the fading effect within 60 min,where the calibrated formula for the fading effect was analyzed for 132.7 min.The detection efficiency of the trained convolutional neural network for inhomogeneous ^(241)Am sources(2π emission)was 0.6050±0.0399,whereas the efficiency curve of the photo-stimulated luminescence method was lower than that of the trained convolutional neural network.

Performance optimization of the neutron-sensitive image intensifier used in neutron imaging

As a non-destructive testing technology,neutron imaging plays an important role in various fields,including material science,nuclear engineering,and fundamental science.An imaging detector with a neutron-sensitive image intensifier has been developed and demonstrated to achieve good spatial resolution and timing resolution.However,the influence of the working voltage on the performance of the neutron-sensitive imaging intensifier has not been studied.To optimize the performance of the neutron-sensitive image intensifier at different voltages,experiments have been performed at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)neutron beamline.The change in the light yield and imaging quality with different voltages has been acquired.It is shown that the image quality benefits from the high gain of the microchannel plate(MCP)and the high accelerating electric field between the MCP and the screen.Increasing the accelerating electric field is more effective than increasing the gain of MCPs for the improvement of the imaging quality.Increasing the total gain of the MCP stack can be realized more effectively by improving the gain of the standard MCP than that of the n MCP.These results offer a development direction for image intensifiers in the future.

An equivalent target plate damage probability calculation mathematics model and damage evaluation method

Aiming at the requirement of damage testing and evaluation of equivalent target plate based on the explosion of intelligent ammunition, this paper proposes a novel method for damage testing and evaluation method of circumferential equivalent target plate. Leveraging the dispersion characteristics parameters of fragment, we establish a calculation model of the fragment power situation and the damage calculation model under the condition of fragment ultimate penetration equivalent target plate. The damage model of equivalent target plate involves the fragment dispersion density, the local perforation damage criterion, the tearing damage model, and the damage probability. We use the camera to obtain the image of the equivalent target plate with fragment perforation, and research the algorithm of fragment distribution position recognition and fragment perforation area calculation method on the equivalent target plate by image processing technology. Based on the obtained parameters of the breakdown position and perforation area of fragments on equivalent target plate, we apply to damage calculation model of equivalent target plate, and calculate the damage probability of each equivalent target plate, and use the combined probabilistic damage calculation method to obtain the damage evaluation results of the circumferential equivalent target plate in an intelligent ammunition explosion experiment. Through an experimental testing, we verify the feasibility and rationality of the proposed damage evaluation method by comparison, the calculation results can reflect the actual damage effect of the equivalent target plate.

Improving millimeter-wave imaging quality using the vortex phase method

This paper investigates a new vortex wave imaging approach to improve the imaging quality of small metal targets of size less than 1.5 mm.Antennas with different spiral phase plates are designed to efficiently transmit vortex beams with orbital angular momentums(OAMs).By analyzing the OAM spectrum of the target,it was discovered that the predominant reflection contains a particular OAM mode that carries abundant azimuthal information.This can be explained by the OAM selectivity of the target and the guidance of the vortex transmitting beam.A simple reflection vortex imaging system was designed to capture the phase information.Measurement results show that the high image contrast reaches 14.9%,which is twice as high as that of the imaging without OAM.Both of simulations and experiments demonstrate that the vortex phase imaging approach proposed in this paper can effectively improve the imaging quality at 80 GHz.This approach is suitable for other millimeter wave imaging systems and is helpful to improve the resolution in anti-terrorism security checks.

Neural Network-Powered License Plate Recognition System Design

The development of scientific inquiry and research has yielded numerous benefits in the realm of intelligent traffic control systems, particularly in the realm of automatic license plate recognition for vehicles. The design of license plate recognition algorithms has undergone digitalization through the utilization of neural networks. In contemporary times, there is a growing demand for vehicle surveillance due to the need for efficient vehicle processing and traffic management. The design, development, and implementation of a license plate recognition system hold significant social, economic, and academic importance. The study aims to present contemporary methodologies and empirical findings pertaining to automated license plate recognition. The primary focus of the automatic license plate recognition algorithm was on image extraction, character segmentation, and recognition. The task of character segmentation has been identified as the most challenging function based on my observations. The license plate recognition project that we designed demonstrated the effectiveness of this method across various observed conditions. Particularly in low-light environments, such as during periods of limited illumination or inclement weather characterized by precipitation. The method has been subjected to testing using a sample size of fifty images, resulting in a 100% accuracy rate. The findings of this study demonstrate the project’s ability to effectively determine the optimal outcomes of simulations.

Nanofabrication of 50 nm zone plates through e-beam lithography with local proximity effect correction for x-ray imaging

High resolution Fresnel zone plates for nanoscale three-dimensional imaging of materials by both soft and hard x-rays are increasingly needed by the broad applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology.When the outmost zone-width is shrinking down to 50 nm or even below,patterning the zone plates with high aspect ratio by electron beam lithography still remains a challenge because of the proximity effect.The uneven charge distribution in the exposed resist is still frequently observed even after standard proximity effect correction(PEC),because of the large variety in the line width.This work develops a new strategy,nicknamed as local proximity effect correction(LPEC),efficiently modifying the deposited energy over the whole zone plate on the top of proximity effect correction.By this way,50 nm zone plates with the aspect ratio from 4:1 up to 15:1 and the duty cycle close to 0.5 have been fabricated.Their imaging capability in soft(1.3 keV)and hard(9 keV)x-ray,respectively,has been demonstrated in Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)with the resolution of 50 nm.The local proximity effect correction developed in this work should also be generally significant for the generation of zone plates with high resolutions beyond 50 nm.

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF PEKEKK(T/I) USING WAXD, IMAGING PLATES AND SAXS

Structures and crystal form transition of the novel aryl ether ketone polymer containing meta-phenylene linkage: PEKEKK(T/I) were investigated by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), imaging plates (IPs) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The energy of activation of the decomposition reaction and degree of crystallinity of PEKEKK(T/I) were determined by WAXD and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Results obtained from WAXD and IPs show that crystal forms coexist in the PEKEKK(T/I) samples isothermally cold crystallized in the temperature range from 180'C to 240T? and only form occurs in PEKEKK(TTI) samples isothermally cold crystallized at 2701C. The radius of gyration (Rg), thickness of microregions with electron-density fluctuations (E) and distribution of particle sizes were investigated by SAXS.

Simulating the Intensifying Effect of Phosphors on Imaging Plate with UV photons

It is assumed from the energy level that ultraviolet (UV) photons may have intensifying effect on BaFBr∶Eu 2+. In this paper, effect of UV photons (220～290 nm) on the PSL intensity of X-ray irradiated BaFBr∶Eu 2+ was measured and compared to that on the PSL intensity of 220 nm photons irradiated BaFBr∶Eu 2+. It was found that after the excitation of UV photons the PSL intensity of X-ray irradiated samples decreases least at 250 nm and that of 220 nm photons irradiated samples increases most at 250 nm. When the irradiation sources are X-rays and 220 nm photons the excited electrons are photoelectron and thermal-electrons, respectively, and they have different possibility of being captured by electron traps or combined with luminescent centers. And the peak at 250 nm can be explained with the model of electrons tunneling. It is assumed that the electrons excited by 250 nm have the most possibility of tunneling.

Elimination of the Background Noise of the Decoded Image in Fresnel Zone Plate Scanning Holography

A method of digitally high pass filtering in frequency domain is proposed to eliminate the background noise of the decoded image in Fresnel zone plate scanning holography. The high pass filter is designed as a circular stop, which should be suitable to suppressing the background noise significantly and remain much low frequency information of the object. The principle of high pass filtering is that the Fourier transform of the decoded image is multiplied with the high pass filter. Thus the frequency spectrum of the decoded image without the background noise is achieved. By inverse Fourier transform of the spectrum of the decoded image after multiplying operation, the decoded image without the background noise is obtained. Both of the computer simulations and the experimental results show that the contrast and the signal-to-noise ratio of the decoded image are significantly improved with digital filtering.

Confocal Image 3D Surface Measurement with Optical Fiber Plate

A whole-field 3D surface measurement system for semiconductor wafer inspection is described.The system consists of an optical fiber plate,which can split the light beam into N^2 subbeams to realize the whole-field inspection.A special prism is used to separate the illumination light and signal light.This setup is characterized by high precision,high speed and simple structure.

Drag Coefficient of a Non-Convex Polygonal Plate during Free Fall

Waterside creatures or aquatic organisms use a fin or web to generate a thrust force. These fins or webs have a non-convex section, referred to as a non-convex shape. We investigate the drag force acting on a non-convex plate during unsteady motion. We perform the experiment in a water tank during free fall. We fabricate the non-convex plate by cutting isosceles triangles from the side of a convex hexagonal plate. The base angle of the triangle is between 0° to 45°. The base angle is 0 indicates the convex hexagonal thin plate. We estimate the drag coefficient with the force balance acting on the model based on the image analysis technique. The results indicate that increasing the base angle by more than 30° increased the drag coefficient. The drag coefficient during unsteady motion changed with the growth of the vortex behind the model. The vortex has small vortices in the shear layer, which is related to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities.

改进YOLOv5s的采煤机滚筒与支架护帮板干涉状态智能识别

针对综采工作面液压支架护帮板处于未收回异常状态导致采煤机滚筒与护帮板干涉问题,提出一种改进YOLOv5s的采煤机滚筒与液压支架护帮板干涉状态智能识别方法。运用课题组前期提出的基于边界约束和非线性上下文正则化的去雾去尘方法对视频图像进行清晰化处理,提高综采工作面监控视频图像质量;对YOLOv5s模型进行改进,通过将YOLOv5s主干网络中的普通卷积Conv替换为分类效果更佳的Ghost卷积,减少了模型的参数数量,提高了模型识别速度,同时引入坐标注意力机制,提高了模型对护帮板和滚筒特征提取能力,从而提高模型识别精确率。运用软非极大值抑制算法(Soft-NMS)的锚框筛选方法,减少因护帮板重叠而发生漏检问题。针对采煤机滚筒与液压支架护帮板干涉状态判定问题,提出液压支架护帮板与采煤机滚筒锚框重合度的判定方法。运用本文改进YOLOv5s模型与YOLOv5s、YOLOv3-tiny模型进行对比分析,结果表明:本文方法与原模型相比的识别精确率提高了约8.1%,GFLOPs降低1.86倍;mAP@.5达到97.2%、平均识别速度为检测时间为5.9 ms。运用本文方法对煤矿实际综采工作面采煤机滚筒与液压支架护帮板视频图像进行干涉状态识别试验验证,结果表明:对采煤机滚筒与液压支架护帮板干涉状态识别准确率为96%。

电极结构对电除尘器内电流体场影响的实验与模拟研究

为了进一步提高电除尘器的除尘效率,该文采用数值模拟与实验相结合的方法研究了电极结构对电除尘器内电场特性及电流体场分布的影响。使用高速离子射流耦合电流体场的模拟方法建立了数值模型,分析了电除尘器内电流体状态及阳极板附近流速,同时使用粒子图像测速法对两种电极结构在不同电压下的电流体状态进行了测定。结果表明,错位板结构可以增强电晕放电强度,降低起晕电压,相较于线板式结构,起晕电压降低了29.41%,电晕电流提升近一倍。电压越高,电流体场受放电极产生的高速离子射流影响越大。入口风速会影响电流体场状态,当入口风速为0m/s时,电流体状态呈对称的双螺旋结构;入口风速提升至0.1m/s时,涡旋被挤压变形;继续增大入口风速,涡旋变形程度加大,且靠近入口处涡旋消失。错位板结构能显著降低收尘极板附近流速,当入口风速为0.9 m/s时,线板式与错位板除尘器收尘极板前1 cm平均流速分别为1.28 m/s和0.68 m/s。相比于采用普通的多物理场耦合方法,采用高速离子射流耦合电流体场方法得到的模拟结果与实验结果更加符合。

基于误差函数的复材加筋板概率成像冲击定位

提出了一种复合材料加筋板结构概率成像冲击定位方法。通过在复合材料加筋板结构表面布置稀疏阵列的压电传感器网络接收冲击响应信号,采用复Morlet小波变换提取冲击响应信号特定中心频率的窄带Lamb波信号并计算模值,根据模的峰值获取Lamb波的到达时刻,构建基于波达时间差的误差函数并计算监测区域内各点为冲击源的概率值,将概率值作为像素值对结构进行概率成像冲击定位。在总体尺寸为700 mm×450 mm的碳纤维增强复合材料加筋板结构上对算法进行了验证。实验结果表明,该算法简单有效,成像分辨率和定位精度高,采用较少的传感器数量依然拥有可观的冲击定位精度。

基于图像自适应增强的轻量级雾天车牌检测和识别算法

针对雾天图像降质带来的车牌识别难题,提出一种采用图像自适应增强的轻量级车牌检测和识别算法。以目标检测网络YOLOv5s和车牌识别网络LPRNet为基础,设计一个改进的图像自适应增强模块级联于YOLOv5s之前,并引入混合注意力(SA)机制改进LPRNet。图像自适应增强模块由带参数的图像去雾和纹理增强模块以及自适应参数预测模块组成。自适应参数预测模块是轻量级卷积神经网络,与YOLOv5s联合训练,为不同程度的带雾图像自动提供合适的去雾和纹理增强参数以获得更准确的车牌检测结果。利用车牌位置的真实标签和实际检测结果,采用混合注意力机制和迁移学习策略得到最终的SA-LPRNet模型,缓解识别模型对检测结果的敏感性以获得更高的车牌识别准确率。在合成的雾天车牌数据集上的实验结果表明:本文算法对雾天车牌检测的mAP@0.5-0.95指标达到70.6%,车牌识别准确率达到93.5%,优于对比算法,且识别速度满足实时性要求。

基于Lamb波与虚拟时间反转的延时叠加成像算法

针对传统的延时叠加成像容易产生伪像而导致缺陷不易识别且成像清晰度差的问题,提出采用虚拟时间反转技术与椭圆定位法初步定位损伤区域,进而在对应的时间窗内截取差信号,最后结合延时叠加成像技术解决了伪像和清晰度问题。以ABAQUS软件仿真的方式模拟Lamb波在损伤铝板中的传播过程,首先利用虚拟时间反转法对初次响应信号进行处理而获得聚焦重构信号,然后利用准确的时间延时作椭圆以初步定位范围,从而得到对应的时间窗来截取差信号,最后结合延时叠加成像技术对损伤进行成像。仿真和试验结果表明:该方法降低了操作难度,提高了成像清晰度,能准确有效地识别损伤位置,提高了铝板的损伤定位检测精度。

航空锂电池焊缝的多通道多频涡流检测

为了实现航空锂电池极耳极板激光焊缝的高效准确检测,设计制作了带有层析成像功能的多通道多频涡流检测系统.采用该系统及5通道防干扰差分结构涡流传感器对极耳极板焊缝中的局部断焊、整体漏焊、焊缝变形内凹、微小缺陷等典型缺陷进行检测,并基于趋肤效应原理,采用层析成像技术对焊瘤缺陷进行扫查成像.结果表明,研发的带有层析成像功能的多通道多频涡流检测系统可有效检测出锂电池极耳极板焊缝中的多种典型缺陷,最小可检测1 mm的缺陷,层析成像技术可实现不同深度下缺陷的形貌观测.通过对大量检测结果的对比分析,总结了缺陷种类、位置及长度的判别方法,提出了一套缺陷判别流程与评定准则,为实现锂电池极耳极板焊缝检测的工程化奠定了良好的基础.

导流型高温板式换热器的流动与传热特性分析

以一种用于固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)热电联产的高温板式换热器为研究对象,通过数值模拟的方法,对其传热特性和阻力性能进行分析,探究波纹倾角的变化对高温板式换热器冷侧流道的流体流动、传热特性的影响,并搭建了粒子图像测速(PIV)实验平台,对其流场分布和流速进行试验,验证了数值模拟结果的正确性和可行性;采用单位压降的换热系数评价换热器的综合性能。结果表明,PIV试验与数值模拟得到的冷侧流道速度矢量分布大致相同,模拟结果与试验结果相比误差在10%以内;当β=70°时,换热器的压降损失最大,当β=30°时,换热器的压降损失较小且换热能力最强。在研究范围内,不同β下的综合性能随着Re的增加而减小,当β=10°时整体的综合性能最好,β=80°时最差,研究结果可为板式换热器工业设计选择提供参考。