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Recent developments in selective laser processes for wearable devices 被引量:1
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作者 Youngchan Kim Eunseung Hwang +3 位作者 Chang Kai Kaichen Xu Heng Pan Sukjoon Hong 《Bio-Design and Manufacturing》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期517-547,共31页
Recently,the increasing interest in wearable technology for personal healthcare and smart virtual/augmented reality applications has led to the development of facile fabrication methods.Lasers have long been used to d... Recently,the increasing interest in wearable technology for personal healthcare and smart virtual/augmented reality applications has led to the development of facile fabrication methods.Lasers have long been used to develop original solutions to such challenging technological problems due to their remote,sterile,rapid,and site-selective processing of materials.In this review,recent developments in relevant laser processes are summarized under two separate categories.First,transformative approaches,such as for laser-induced graphene,are introduced.In addition to design optimization and the alteration of a native substrate,the latest advances under a transformative approach now enable more complex material compositions and multilayer device configurations through the simultaneous transformation of heterogeneous precursors,or the sequential addition of functional layers coupled with other electronic elements.In addition,the more conventional laser techniques,such as ablation,sintering,and synthesis,can still be used to enhance the functionality of an entire system through the expansion of applicable materials and the adoption of new mechanisms.Later,various wearable device components developed through the corresponding laser processes are discussed,with an emphasis on chemical/physical sensors and energy devices.In addition,special attention is given to applications that use multiple laser sources or processes,which lay the foundation for the all-laser fabrication of wearable devices. 展开更多
关键词 Selective laser process Wearable device Transformative approach Laser-induced graphene Ablation SINTERING Synthesis
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NADARAYA-WATSON ESTIMATORS FOR REFLECTED STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
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作者 韩月才 张丁文 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期143-160,共18页
We study the Nadaraya-Watson estimators for the drift function of two-sided reflected stochastic differential equations.The estimates,based on either the continuously observed process or the discretely observed proces... We study the Nadaraya-Watson estimators for the drift function of two-sided reflected stochastic differential equations.The estimates,based on either the continuously observed process or the discretely observed process,are considered.Under certain conditions,we prove the strong consistency and the asymptotic normality of the two estimators.Our method is also suitable for one-sided reflected stochastic differential equations.Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of our estimator is superior to that of the estimator proposed by Cholaquidis et al.(Stat Sin,2021,31:29-51).Several real data sets of the currency exchange rate are used to illustrate our proposed methodology. 展开更多
关键词 reflected stochastic differential equation discretely observed process continuously observed process Nadaraya-Watson estimator asymptotic behavior
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Multimodal Data-Driven Reinforcement Learning for Operational Decision-Making in Industrial Processes
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作者 Chenliang Liu Yalin Wang +1 位作者 Chunhua Yang Weihua Gui 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期252-254,共3页
Dear Editor, This letter proposes a multimodal data-driven reinforcement learning-based method for operational decision-making in industrial processes. Due to the frequent fluctuations of feedstock properties and oper... Dear Editor, This letter proposes a multimodal data-driven reinforcement learning-based method for operational decision-making in industrial processes. Due to the frequent fluctuations of feedstock properties and operating conditions in the industrial processes, existing data-driven methods cannot effectively adjust the operational variables. In addition, multimodal data such as images, audio. 展开更多
关键词 processes MODAL ADJUST
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An Interpretable Light Attention-Convolution-Gate Recurrent Unit Architecture for the Highly Accurate Modeling of Actual Chemical Dynamic Processes
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作者 Yue Li Ning Li +1 位作者 Jingzheng Ren Weifeng Shen 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期104-116,共13页
To equip data-driven dynamic chemical process models with strong interpretability,we develop a light attention–convolution–gate recurrent unit(LACG)architecture with three sub-modules—a basic module,a brand-new lig... To equip data-driven dynamic chemical process models with strong interpretability,we develop a light attention–convolution–gate recurrent unit(LACG)architecture with three sub-modules—a basic module,a brand-new light attention module,and a residue module—that are specially designed to learn the general dynamic behavior,transient disturbances,and other input factors of chemical processes,respectively.Combined with a hyperparameter optimization framework,Optuna,the effectiveness of the proposed LACG is tested by distributed control system data-driven modeling experiments on the discharge flowrate of an actual deethanization process.The LACG model provides significant advantages in prediction accuracy and model generalization compared with other models,including the feedforward neural network,convolution neural network,long short-term memory(LSTM),and attention-LSTM.Moreover,compared with the simulation results of a deethanization model built using Aspen Plus Dynamics V12.1,the LACG parameters are demonstrated to be interpretable,and more details on the variable interactions can be observed from the model parameters in comparison with the traditional interpretable model attention-LSTM.This contribution enriches interpretable machine learning knowledge and provides a reliable method with high accuracy for actual chemical process modeling,paving a route to intelligent manufacturing. 展开更多
关键词 Interpretable machine learning Light attention-convolution-gate recurrent unit architecture process knowledge discovery Data-driven process model Intelligent manufacturing
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Correlation of Microbiological Stability with Redox Processes in White Wines
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作者 Gheorghe Duca Rodica Sturza +1 位作者 Natalia Vladei Ecaterina Covaci 《Food and Nutrition Sciences》 CAS 2024年第3期211-223,共13页
In this paper, the authors analyzed the correlation between the microbiological stability of white wines and the content of sulfur dioxide, which influences the main redox processes that take place in the technologica... In this paper, the authors analyzed the correlation between the microbiological stability of white wines and the content of sulfur dioxide, which influences the main redox processes that take place in the technological stages of the wine. The consecutive, parallel and spontaneous development of several redox processes and their impact on the quality, microbiological and crystalline stability of white wines were examined. The reduction of additive and subtractive technological interventions, of the amounts of adjuvants (sulphurous anhydride) is essential for the production of organic wines. 展开更多
关键词 White Wines ACETOBACTER Sulfur Dioxide Redox processes OXYGEN
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Numerical Study on the Impacts of Hydrometeor Processes on the“21·7”Extreme Rainfall in Zhengzhou Area of China
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作者 Wenhua GAO Chengyin LI Lanzhi TANG 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第10期2061-2078,共18页
The impacts of hydrometeor-related processes on the development and evolution of the“21·7”extremely heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou were investigated using WRF simulations.Surface precipitation was determined by th... The impacts of hydrometeor-related processes on the development and evolution of the“21·7”extremely heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou were investigated using WRF simulations.Surface precipitation was determined by the hydrometeor microphysical processes(all microphysical source sink terms of hydrometeors)and macrophysical processes(local change and flux convergence of hydrometeors).The contribution of hydrometeor macrophysical processes was commonly less than 10%,but could reach 30%–50%in the early stage of precipitation,which was largely dependent on the size of the study area.The macrophysical processes of liquid-phase hydrometeors always presented a promotional effect on rainfall,while the ice-phase hydrometeors played a negative role in the middle and later stages of precipitation.The distributions of microphysical latent heat corresponded well with those of buoyancy and vertical velocity(tendency),indicating that the phase-change heating was the major driver for convective development.Reasonable diagnostic buoyancy was obtained by choosing an area close to the convective size for getting the reference state of air.In addition,a new dynamic equilibrium involving hydrometeors with a tilted airflow was formed during the heavy precipitation period(updraft was not the strongest).The heaviest instantaneous precipitation was mainly produced by the warm-rain processes.Sensitivity experiments further pointed out that the uncertainty of latent heat parameterization(±20%)did not significantly affect the convective rainfall.While when the phase-change heating only altered the temperature tendency,its impact on precipitation was remarkable.The results of this study help to deepen our understanding of heavy rainfall mechanisms from the perspective of hydrometeor processes. 展开更多
关键词 heavy precipitation hydrometeor processes BUOYANCY latent heat
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THE EXTREMES OF DEPENDENT CHI-PROCESSES ATTRACTED BY THE BROWN-RESNICK PROCESS
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作者 孙俊杰 谭中权 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期686-701,共16页
Motivated by some recent works on the topic of the Brown-Resnick process, we study the functional limit theorem for normalized pointwise maxima of dependent chi-processes. It is proven that the properly normalized poi... Motivated by some recent works on the topic of the Brown-Resnick process, we study the functional limit theorem for normalized pointwise maxima of dependent chi-processes. It is proven that the properly normalized pointwise maxima of those processes are attracted by the Brown-Resnick process. 展开更多
关键词 chi-processes Brown-Resnick process pointwise maxima functional limit theorem
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Modeling and analysis of air combustion and steam regeneration in methanol to olefins processes
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作者 Jinqiang Liang Danzhu Liu +1 位作者 Shuliang Xu Mao Ye 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期94-103,共10页
Light olefins is the incredibly important materials in chemical industry.Methanol to olefins(MTO),which provides a non-oil route for light olefins production,received considerable attention in the past decades.However... Light olefins is the incredibly important materials in chemical industry.Methanol to olefins(MTO),which provides a non-oil route for light olefins production,received considerable attention in the past decades.However,the catalyst deactivation is an inevitable feature in MTO processes,and regeneration,therefore,is one of the key steps in industrial MTO processes.Traditionally the MTO catalyst is regenerated by removing the deposited coke via air combustion,which unavoidably transforms coke into carbon dioxide and reduces the carbon utilization efficiency.Recent study shows that the coke species over MTO catalyst can be regenerated via steam,which can promote the light olefins yield as the deactivated coke species can be essentially transferred to industrially useful synthesis gas,is a promising pathway for further MTO processes development.In this work,we modelled and analyzed these two MTO regeneration methods in terms of carbon utilization efficiency and technology economics.As shown,the steam regeneration could achieve a carbon utilization efficiency of 84.31%,compared to 74.74%for air combustion regeneration.The MTO processes using steam regeneration can essentially achieve the near-zero carbon emission.In addition,light olefins production of the MTO processes using steam regeneration is 12.81%higher than that using air combustion regeneration.In this regard,steam regeneration could be considered as a potential yet promising regeneration method for further MTO processes,showing not only great environmental benefits but also competitive economic performance. 展开更多
关键词 Model Methanol to olefins REGENERATION Greenhouse gas processes simulation
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Causal temporal graph attention network for fault diagnosis of chemical processes
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作者 Jiaojiao Luo Zhehao Jin +3 位作者 Heping Jin Qian Li Xu Ji Yiyang Dai 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期20-32,共13页
Fault detection and diagnosis(FDD)plays a significant role in ensuring the safety and stability of chemical processes.With the development of artificial intelligence(AI)and big data technologies,data-driven approaches... Fault detection and diagnosis(FDD)plays a significant role in ensuring the safety and stability of chemical processes.With the development of artificial intelligence(AI)and big data technologies,data-driven approaches with excellent performance are widely used for FDD in chemical processes.However,improved predictive accuracy has often been achieved through increased model complexity,which turns models into black-box methods and causes uncertainty regarding their decisions.In this study,a causal temporal graph attention network(CTGAN)is proposed for fault diagnosis of chemical processes.A chemical causal graph is built by causal inference to represent the propagation path of faults.The attention mechanism and chemical causal graph were combined to help us notice the key variables relating to fault fluctuations.Experiments in the Tennessee Eastman(TE)process and the green ammonia(GA)process showed that CTGAN achieved high performance and good explainability. 展开更多
关键词 Chemical processes Safety Fault diagnosis Causal discovery Attention mechanism Explainability
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Multi-Perspective Data Fusion Framework Based on Hierarchical BERT: Provide Visual Predictions of Business Processes
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作者 Yongwang Yuan Xiangwei Liu Ke Lu 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第1期1227-1252,共26页
Predictive Business Process Monitoring(PBPM)is a significant research area in Business Process Management(BPM)aimed at accurately forecasting future behavioral events.At present,deep learning methods are widely cited ... Predictive Business Process Monitoring(PBPM)is a significant research area in Business Process Management(BPM)aimed at accurately forecasting future behavioral events.At present,deep learning methods are widely cited in PBPM research,but no method has been effective in fusing data information into the control flow for multi-perspective process prediction.Therefore,this paper proposes a process prediction method based on the hierarchical BERT and multi-perspective data fusion.Firstly,the first layer BERT network learns the correlations between different category attribute data.Then,the attribute data is integrated into a weighted event-level feature vector and input into the second layer BERT network to learn the impact and priority relationship of each event on future predicted events.Next,the multi-head attention mechanism within the framework is visualized for analysis,helping to understand the decision-making logic of the framework and providing visual predictions.Finally,experimental results show that the predictive accuracy of the framework surpasses the current state-of-the-art research methods and significantly enhances the predictive performance of BPM. 展开更多
关键词 Business process prediction monitoring deep learning attention mechanism BERT multi-perspective
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Local Torrential Rainfall Event within a Mei-Yu Season Mesoscale Convective System:Importance of Back-Building Processes
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作者 Honglei ZHANG Ming XUE +2 位作者 Hangfeng SHEN Xiaofan LI Guoqing ZHAI 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期847-863,共17页
An extreme rainfall event occurred over Hangzhou,China,during the afternoon hours on 24 June 2013.This event occurred under suitable synoptic conditions and the maximum 4-h cumulative rainfall amount was over 150 mm.T... An extreme rainfall event occurred over Hangzhou,China,during the afternoon hours on 24 June 2013.This event occurred under suitable synoptic conditions and the maximum 4-h cumulative rainfall amount was over 150 mm.This rainfall event had two major rainbands.One was caused by a quasi-stationary convective line,and the other by a backbuilding convective line related to the interaction of the outflow boundary from the first rainband and an existing low-level mesoscale convergence line associated with a mei-yu frontal system.The rainfall event lasted 4 h,while the back-building process occurred in 2 h when the extreme rainfall center formed.So far,few studies have examined the back-building processes in the mei-yu season that are caused by the interaction of a mesoscale convergence line and a convective cold pool.The two rainbands are successfully reproduced by the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model with fourlevel,two-way interactive nesting.In the model,new cells repeatedly occur at the west side of older cells,and the backbuilding process occurs in an environment with large CAPE,a low LFC,and plenty of water vapor.Outflows from older cells enhance the low-level convergence that forces new cells.High precipitation efficiency of the back-building training cells leads to accumulated precipitation of over 150 mm.Sensitivity experiments without evaporation of rainwater show that the convective cold pool plays an important role in the organization of the back-building process in the current extreme precipitation case. 展开更多
关键词 torrential rainfall back-building processes numerical simulation trigger mechanism convergence line convective cold pool
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Comparison of a Spectral Bin and Two Multi-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes for Supercell Simulation:Investigation into Key Processes Responsible for Hydrometeor Distributions and Precipitation
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作者 Marcus JOHNSON Ming XUE Youngsun JUNG 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期784-800,共17页
There are more uncertainties with ice hydrometeor representations and related processes than liquid hydrometeors within microphysics parameterization(MP)schemes because of their complicated geometries and physical pro... There are more uncertainties with ice hydrometeor representations and related processes than liquid hydrometeors within microphysics parameterization(MP)schemes because of their complicated geometries and physical properties.Idealized supercell simulations are produced using the WRF model coupled with“full”Hebrew University spectral bin MP(HU-SBM),and NSSL and Thompson bulk MP(BMP)schemes.HU-SBM downdrafts are typically weaker than those of the NSSL and Thompson simulations,accompanied by less rain evaporation.HU-SBM produces more cloud ice(plates),graupel,and hail than the BMPs,yet precipitates less at the surface.The limiting mass bins(and subsequently,particle size)of rimed ice in HU-SBM and slower rimed ice fall speeds lead to smaller melting-level net rimed ice fluxes than those of the BMPs.Aggregation from plates in HU-SBM,together with snow–graupel collisions,leads to a greater snow contribution to rain than those of the BMPs.Replacing HU-SBM’s fall speeds using the formulations of the BMPs after aggregating the discrete bin values to mass mixing ratios and total number concentrations increases net rain and rimed ice fluxes.Still,they are smaller in magnitude than bulk rain,NSSL hail,and Thompson graupel net fluxes near the surface.Conversely,the melting-layer net rimed ice fluxes are reduced when the fall speeds for the NSSL and Thompson simulations are calculated using HU-SBM fall speed formulations after discretizing the bulk particle size distributions(PSDs)into spectral bins.The results highlight precipitation sensitivity to storm dynamics,fall speed,hydrometeor evolution governed by process rates,and MP PSD design. 展开更多
关键词 PRECIPITATION spectral bin microphysics bulk microphysics parameterization microphysics processes WRF model supercell storm
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Quantification of irrigation water transport processes in ZiZiphus jujuba garden using water stable isotopes
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作者 ZHONG Xiaofei ZHANG Mingjun +3 位作者 CHE Cunwei LIU Zechen LI Beibei ZHANG Yuanyuan 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第10期3263-3274,共12页
ZiZiphus jujuba,which is native to China,has become one of the main crops widely planted in the western Loess Plateau because of its drought and flood-tolerance,adaptability,and higher nutritional value of the fruit.T... ZiZiphus jujuba,which is native to China,has become one of the main crops widely planted in the western Loess Plateau because of its drought and flood-tolerance,adaptability,and higher nutritional value of the fruit.The irrigation water infiltration in Z.jujuba gardens is complex,and understanding its mechanisms is essential for efficient water use and sustainable agriculture.This knowledge helps ensure the long-term success of jujuba cultivation.This paper describes a field experiment that investigates the infiltration process of irrigation water from Z.jujuba garden and quantifies the contribution of irrigation water to soil water at different depths using the MixSIAR model.According to the FC(Field water holding Capacity)of Z.jujuba,irrigation experiments with three volumes of 80%FC,60%FC,and 40%FC are set up in this study.The study finds that water retention is better in Z.jujuba garden soils with a higher proportion of coarse gravel in the soil particle composition.Soil water content exhibits a gradient change after irrigation,with deeper wetting front transport depth observed with increased irrigation water.Additionally,there is correlation between soil temperature and soil water content.The soil water in Z.jujuba garden generally exhibits a preferential flow signal in the 0-40 cm range.Below 40 cm,a piston flow pattern dominates.The rate of soil water infiltration increases with the amount of irrigation water.In the 0-40 cm range of the soil vertical profile,irrigation water was the main contributor to soil water.Z.jujuba demonstrated flexibility in water uptake,primarily absorbing soil water at depths of 0-40 cm.For optimal growth of Z.jujuba at this stage,40%FC irrigation is recommended.The results are expected to be valuable future irrigation practices and land use planning for Z.jujuba garden in arid zones,supporting sustainable agricultural development and water management. 展开更多
关键词 Water stable isotopes Different irrigation volumes ZiZiphus jujuba Irrigation water infiltration process MixSIAR model
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Mass Transfer-Promoted Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)Circulation Steered by 3D Flow-Through Co-Catalyst System Toward Sustainable Advanced Oxidation Processes
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作者 Weiyang Lv Hao Li +6 位作者 Jinhui Wang Lixin Wang Zenglong Wu Yuge Wang Wenkai Song Wenkai Cheng Yuyuan Yao 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期264-275,共12页
Realizing fast and continuous generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs)via iron-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)is significant in the environmental and biological fields.However,current AOPs assisted by co-c... Realizing fast and continuous generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs)via iron-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)is significant in the environmental and biological fields.However,current AOPs assisted by co-catalysts still suffer from the poor mass/electron transfer and non-durable promotion effect,giving rise to the sluggish Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)cycle and low dynamic concentration of Fe^(2+)for ROS production.Herein,we present a three-dimensional(3D)macroscale co-catalyst functionalized with molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))to achieve ultra-efficient Fe^(2+)regeneration(equilibrium Fe^(2+)ratio of 82.4%)and remarkable stability(more than 20 cycles)via a circulating flow-through process.Unlike the conventional batch-type reactor,experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations demonstrate that the optimal utilization of the 3D active area under the flow-through mode,initiated by the convectionenhanced mass/charge transfer for Fe^(2+)reduction and then strengthened by MoS_(2)-induced flow rotation for sufficient reactant mixing,is crucial for oxidant activation and subsequent ROS generation.Strikingly,the flow-through co-catalytic system with superwetting capabilities can even tackle the intricate oily wastewater stabilized by different surfactants without the loss of pollutant degradation efficiency.Our findings highlight an innovative co-catalyst system design to expand the applicability of AOPs based technology,especially in large-scale complex wastewater treatment. 展开更多
关键词 Advanced oxidation processes 3D co-catalyst Flow-through mode Enhanced mass transfer Complex wastewater treatment
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Analysis of application range of simplified models for field to thermo-field to thermionic emission processes from the cathode
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作者 Li SUN Zhuo DAI +2 位作者 Ming XU Wei WANG Zengyao LI 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期51-60,共10页
Electron emission plays a dominant role in plasma-cathode interactions and is a key factor in many plasma phenomena and industrial applications.It is necessary to illustrate the various electron emission mechanisms an... Electron emission plays a dominant role in plasma-cathode interactions and is a key factor in many plasma phenomena and industrial applications.It is necessary to illustrate the various electron emission mechanisms and the corresponding applicable description models to evaluate their impacts on discharge properties.In this study,detailed expressions of the simplified formulas valid for field emission to thermo-field emission to thermionic emission typically used in the numerical simulation are proposed,and the corresponding application ranges are determined in the framework of the Murphy-Good theory,which is commonly regarded as the general model and to be accurate in the full range of conditions of the validity of the theory.Dimensionless parameterization was used to evaluate the emission current density of the Murphy-Good formula,and a deviation factor was defined to obtain the application ranges for different work functions(2.5‒5 eV),cathode temperatures(300‒6000 K),and emitted electric fields(10^(5) to 10^(10) V·m^(-1)).The deviation factor was shown to be a nonmonotonic function of the three parameters.A comparative study of particle number densities in atmospheric gas discharge with a tungsten cathode was performed based on the one-dimensional implicit particle-in-cell(PIC)with the Monte Carlo collision(MCC)method according to the aforementioned application ranges.It was found that small differences in emission current density can lead to variations in the distributions of particle number density due to changes in the collisional environment.This study provides a theoretical basis for selecting emission models for subsequent numerical simulations. 展开更多
关键词 electron emission processes application range Murphy-Good theory implicit particlein-cell Monte Carlo collision method
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Solid-state impedance spectroscopy studies of dielectric properties and relaxation processes in Na_(2)O–V_(2)O_(5)–Nb_(2)O_(5)–P_(2)O_(5) glass
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作者 Sara Marijan Luka Pavic 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期186-196,共11页
Solid-state impedance spectroscopy(SS-IS)was used to investigate the influence of structural modifications resulting from the addition of Nb2O5 on the dielectric properties and relaxation processes in the quaternary m... Solid-state impedance spectroscopy(SS-IS)was used to investigate the influence of structural modifications resulting from the addition of Nb2O5 on the dielectric properties and relaxation processes in the quaternary mixed glass former(MGF)system 35Na_(2)O–10V_(2)O_(5)–(55-x)P_(2)O_(5)–xNb_(2)O_(5)(x=0–40,mol%).The dielectric parameters,including the dielectric strength and dielectric loss,are determined from the frequency and temperature-dependent complex permittivity data,revealing a significant dependence on the Nb2O5 content.The transition from a predominantly phosphate glass network(x<10,region I)to a mixed niobate–phosphate glass net-work(10≤x≤20,region II)leads to an increase in the dielectric parameters,which correlates with the observed trend in the direct-cur-rent(DC)conductivity.In the predominantly niobate network(x≥25,region III),the highly polarizable nature of Nb5+ions leads to a fur-ther increase in the dielectric permittivity and dielectric strength.This is particularly evident in Nb-40 glass-ceramic,which contains Na_(13)Nb_(35)O_(94) crystalline phase with a tungsten bronze structure and exhibits the highest dielectric permittivity of 61.81 and the lowest loss factor of 0.032 at 303 K and 10 kHz.The relaxation studies,analyzed through modulus formalism and complex impedance data,show that DC conductivity and relaxation processes are governed by the same mechanism,attributed to ionic conductivity.In contrast to glasses with a single peak in frequency dependence of imaginary part of electrical modulus,M″(ω),Nb-40 glass-ceramic exhibits two distinct contributions with similar relaxation times.The high-frequency peak indicates bulk ionic conductivity,while the additional low-fre-quency peak is associated with the grain boundary effect,confirmed by the electrical equivalent circuit(EEC)modelling.The scaling characteristics of permittivity and conductivity spectra,along with the electrical modulus,validate time-temperature superposition and demonstrate a strong correlation with composition and modification of the glass structure upon Nb_(2)O_(5) incorporation. 展开更多
关键词 phosphate glasses GLASS-CERAMICS impedance spectroscopy dielectric properties relaxation processes permittivity scaling conductivity scaling modulus formalism
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Challenges and opportunities in the production of magnesium parts by directed energy deposition processes
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作者 Gürel Cam Ali Günen 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1663-1686,共24页
Mg-alloys have gained considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding properties such as lightweight,high specific strength,and corrosion resistance,making them attractive for applications in medical,aero... Mg-alloys have gained considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding properties such as lightweight,high specific strength,and corrosion resistance,making them attractive for applications in medical,aerospace,automotive,and other transport industries.However,their widespread application is hindered by their low formability at room temperature due to limited slip systems.Cast Mg-alloys have low mechanical properties due to the presence of casting defects such as porosity and anisotropy in addition to the high scrap.While casting methods benefit from established process optimization techniques for these problems,additive manufacturing methods are increasingly replacing casting methods in Mg alloys as they provide more precise control over the microstructure and allow specific grain orientations,potentially enabling easier optimization of anisotropy properties in certain applications.Although metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology also results in some manufacturing defects such as inhomogeneous microstructural evolution and porosity and additively manufactured Mg alloy parts exhibit lower properties than the wrought parts,they in general exhibit superior properties than the cast counterparts.Thus,MAM is a promising technique to produce Mg alloy parts.Directed energy deposition processes,particularly wire arc directed energy deposition(WA-DED),have emerged as an advantageous additive manufacturing(AM)technique for metallic materials including magnesium alloys,offering advantages such as high deposition rates,improved material efficiency,and reduced production costs compared to subtractive processes.However,the inherent challenges associated with magnesium,such as its high reactivity and susceptibility to oxidation,pose unique hurdles in the application of this technology.This review paper delves into the progress made in the application of DED technology to Mg-alloys,its challenges,and prospects.Furthermore,the predominant imperfections,notably inhomogeneous microstructure evolution and porosity,observed in Mg-alloy components manufactured through DED are discussed.Additionally,the preventive measures implemented to counteract the formation of these defects are explored. 展开更多
关键词 Additive manufacturing DED processes Arc-DED Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) 3-D printing High deposition rate
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Numerical Study of the Efficiency of Multi-Layer Membrane Filtration in Desalination Processes
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作者 Salma Moushi Jaouad Ait lahcen +5 位作者 Ahmed El Hana Yassine Ezaier Ahmed Hader Imane Bakassi Iliass Tarras Yahia Boughaleb 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2024年第11期2509-2521,共13页
Multi-layer membrane filtration is a widely used technology for separating and purifying different components ofa liquid mixture. This technique involves passing the liquid mixture through a series of membranes with de... Multi-layer membrane filtration is a widely used technology for separating and purifying different components ofa liquid mixture. This technique involves passing the liquid mixture through a series of membranes with decreasing pore sizes, which allows for the separation of different components according to their molecular size. Thisstudy investigates the filtration process of a fluid through a two-dimensional porous medium designed forseawater desalination. The focus is on understanding the impact of various parameters such as the coefficientof friction, velocity, and the number of layers on filtration efficiency. The results reveal that the number of layersplays a crucial role in desalination, with an increase in layers leading to enhanced filtration quality, following apower law relationship. The study explores the influence of the coefficient of friction on filtration performance,emphasizing its significant effect on the number of particles filtered over time. Additionally, the role of the initialvelocity in filtration efficiency is examined, showing distinct effects at both high and low velocities. Biofouling isidentified as a factor influencing filtration, with an initial increase in filtered particles followed by a decline due toparticle accumulation in pores. 展开更多
关键词 Desalination process membranefiltration Langevin dynamic fluid velocity number of layers filtered particles
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LÉVY AREA ANALYSIS AND PARAMETER ESTIMATION FOR FOU PROCESSES VIA NON-GEOMETRIC ROUGH PATH THEORY
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作者 Zhongmin QIAN Xingcheng XU 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期1609-1638,共30页
This paper addresses the estimation problem of an unknown drift parameter matrix for a fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process in a multi-dimensional setting.To tackle this problem,we propose a novel approach based on r... This paper addresses the estimation problem of an unknown drift parameter matrix for a fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process in a multi-dimensional setting.To tackle this problem,we propose a novel approach based on rough path theory that allows us to construct pathwise rough path estimators from both continuous and discrete observations of a single path.Our approach is particularly suitable for high-frequency data.To formulate the parameter estimators,we introduce a theory of pathwise Itôintegrals with respect to fractional Brownian motion.By establishing the regularity of fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes and analyzing the long-term behavior of the associated Lévy area processes,we demonstrate that our estimators are strongly consistent and pathwise stable.Our findings offer a new perspective on estimating the drift parameter matrix for fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes in multi-dimensional settings,and may have practical implications for fields including finance,economics,and engineering. 展开更多
关键词 Itôintegration Lévy area non-geometric rough path fOU processes pathwise stability long time asymptotic high-frequency data
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UV-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes for Antibiotic Resistance Control: Efficiency, Influencing Factors, and Energy Consumption
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作者 Jiarui Han Wanxin Li +5 位作者 Yun Yang Xuanwei Zhang Siyu Bao Xiangru Zhang Tong Zhang Kenneth Mei Yee Leung 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期27-39,共13页
Antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB)with antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)can reduce or eliminate the effectiveness of antibiotics and thus threaten human health.The United Nations Environment Programme considers antibi... Antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB)with antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)can reduce or eliminate the effectiveness of antibiotics and thus threaten human health.The United Nations Environment Programme considers antibiotic resistance the first of six emerging issues of concern.Advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)that combine ultraviolet(UV)irradiation and chemical oxidation(primarily chlorine,hydrogen peroxide,and persulfate)have attracted increasing interest as advanced water and wastewater treatment technologies.These integrated technologies have been reported to significantly elevate the efficiencies of ARB inactivation and ARG degradation compared with direct UV irradiation or chemical oxidation alone due to the generation of multiple reactive species.In this study,the performance and underlying mechanisms of UV/chlorine,UV/hydrogen peroxide,and UV/persulfate processes for controlling ARB and ARGs were reviewed based on recent studies.Factors affecting the process-specific efficiency in controlling ARB and ARGs were discussed,including biotic factors,oxidant dose,UV fluence,pH,and water matrix properties.In addition,the cost-effectiveness of the UV-based AOPs was evaluated using the concept of electrical energy per order.The UV/chlorine process exhibited a higher efficiency with lower energy consumption than other UV-based AOPs in the wastewater matrix,indicating its potential for ARB inactivation and ARG degradation in wastewater treatment.Further studies are required to address the trade-off between toxic byproduct formation and the energy efficiency of the UV/chlorine process in real wastewater to facilitate its optimization and application in the control of ARB and ARGs. 展开更多
关键词 Advanced oxidation processes Ultraviolet/chlorine Ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide Ultraviolet/persulfate Antibiotic resistant bacteria Antibiotic resistance genes
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