BACKGROUND Dental fluorosis is caused by excessive fluoride ingestion during tooth formation.As a consequence,there is a higher porosity on the enamel surface,which causes an opaque look.AIM The aim of this study was ...BACKGROUND Dental fluorosis is caused by excessive fluoride ingestion during tooth formation.As a consequence,there is a higher porosity on the enamel surface,which causes an opaque look.AIM The aim of this study was to identify a dental intervention to improve the smile in patients with tooth fluorosis.Additional aims were to relate the stain size on fluorotic teeth with the effectiveness of stain removal,enamel loss and procedure time using a manual microabrasion technique with 16%hydrochloric acid(HCL).METHODS An experimental study was carried out on 84 fluorotic teeth in 57 adolescent patients,33 females and 24 males,with moderate to severe fluorosis.The means,standard deviations and percentages were analyzed using nonparametric statistics and ArchiCAD 15 software was used for the variables including stain size and effectiveness of stain removal.RESULTS The average enamel loss was 234μm and was significantly related to the procedure time categorized as 1-4 min and 4.01-6 min,resulting in a P>0.000.The microabrasion technique using 16%HCL was effective in 90.6%of patients and was applied manually on superficial stains in moderate and severe fluorosis.Procedure time was less than 6 min and enamel loss was within the acceptable range.CONCLUSION Microabrasion is a first-line treatment;however,the clinician should measure the average enamel loss to ensure that it is within the approximate range of 250μm in order to avoid restorative treatment.展开更多
Superficial stains and irregularities of the enamelare generally what prompt patients to seek dental intervention to improve their smile. These stains or defects may be due to hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta, mine...Superficial stains and irregularities of the enamelare generally what prompt patients to seek dental intervention to improve their smile. These stains or defects may be due to hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta, mineralized white spots, or fluorosis, for which enamel microabrasion is primarily indicated. Enamel microabrasion involves the use of acidic and abrasive agents, such as with 37% phosphoric acid and pumice or 6% hydrochloric acid and silica, applied to the altered enamel surface with mechanical pressure from a rubber cup coupled to a rotatory mandrel of a lowrotation micromotor. If necessary, this treatment can be safely combined with bleaching for better esthetic results. Recent studies show that microabrasion is a conservative treatment when the enamel wear is minimal and clinically imperceptible. The most important factor contributing to the success of enamel microabrasion is the depth of the defect, as deeper, opaque stains, such as those resulting from hypoplasia, cannot be resolved with microabrasion, and require a restorative approach. Surface enamel alterations that result from microabrasion, such as roughness and microhardness, are easily restored by saliva. Clinical studies support the efficacy and longevity of this safe and minimally invasive treatment. The present article presents the clinical and scientific aspects concerning the microabrasion technique, and discusses the indications for and effects of the treatment, including recent works describing microscopic and clinical evaluations.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Dental fluorosis is caused by excessive fluoride ingestion during tooth formation.As a consequence,there is a higher porosity on the enamel surface,which causes an opaque look.AIM The aim of this study was to identify a dental intervention to improve the smile in patients with tooth fluorosis.Additional aims were to relate the stain size on fluorotic teeth with the effectiveness of stain removal,enamel loss and procedure time using a manual microabrasion technique with 16%hydrochloric acid(HCL).METHODS An experimental study was carried out on 84 fluorotic teeth in 57 adolescent patients,33 females and 24 males,with moderate to severe fluorosis.The means,standard deviations and percentages were analyzed using nonparametric statistics and ArchiCAD 15 software was used for the variables including stain size and effectiveness of stain removal.RESULTS The average enamel loss was 234μm and was significantly related to the procedure time categorized as 1-4 min and 4.01-6 min,resulting in a P>0.000.The microabrasion technique using 16%HCL was effective in 90.6%of patients and was applied manually on superficial stains in moderate and severe fluorosis.Procedure time was less than 6 min and enamel loss was within the acceptable range.CONCLUSION Microabrasion is a first-line treatment;however,the clinician should measure the average enamel loss to ensure that it is within the approximate range of 250μm in order to avoid restorative treatment.
文摘Superficial stains and irregularities of the enamelare generally what prompt patients to seek dental intervention to improve their smile. These stains or defects may be due to hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta, mineralized white spots, or fluorosis, for which enamel microabrasion is primarily indicated. Enamel microabrasion involves the use of acidic and abrasive agents, such as with 37% phosphoric acid and pumice or 6% hydrochloric acid and silica, applied to the altered enamel surface with mechanical pressure from a rubber cup coupled to a rotatory mandrel of a lowrotation micromotor. If necessary, this treatment can be safely combined with bleaching for better esthetic results. Recent studies show that microabrasion is a conservative treatment when the enamel wear is minimal and clinically imperceptible. The most important factor contributing to the success of enamel microabrasion is the depth of the defect, as deeper, opaque stains, such as those resulting from hypoplasia, cannot be resolved with microabrasion, and require a restorative approach. Surface enamel alterations that result from microabrasion, such as roughness and microhardness, are easily restored by saliva. Clinical studies support the efficacy and longevity of this safe and minimally invasive treatment. The present article presents the clinical and scientific aspects concerning the microabrasion technique, and discusses the indications for and effects of the treatment, including recent works describing microscopic and clinical evaluations.
