Effects of root dominate over aboveground litter on soil microbial biomass in global forest ecosystems

Background:Inputs of above-and belowground litter into forest soils are changing at an unprecedented rate due to continuing human disturbances and climate change.Microorganisms drive the soil carbon(C)cycle,but the roles of above-and belowground litter in regulating the soil microbial community have not been evaluated at a global scale.Methods:Here,we conducted a meta-analysis based on 68 aboveground litter removal and root exclusion studies across forest ecosystems to quantify the roles of above-and belowground litter on soil microbial community and compare their relative importance.Results:Aboveground litter removal significantly declined soil microbial biomass by 4.9%but root exclusion inhibited it stronger,up to 11.7%.Moreover,the aboveground litter removal significantly raised fungi by 10.1%without altering bacteria,leading to a 46.7%increase in the fungi-to-bacteria(F/B)ratio.Differently,root exclusion significantly decreased the fungi by 26.2%but increased the bacteria by 5.7%,causing a 13.3%decrease in the F/B ratio.Specifically,root exclusion significantly inhibited arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,ectomycorrhizal fungi,and actinomycetes by 22.9%,43.8%,and 7.9%,respectively.The negative effects of aboveground litter removal on microbial biomass increased with mean annual temperature and precipitation,whereas that of root exclusion on microbial biomass did not change with climatic factors but amplified with treatment duration.More importantly,greater effects of root exclusion on microbial biomass than aboveground litter removal were consistent across diverse forest biomes(expect boreal forests)and durations.Conclusions:These data provide a global evidence that root litter inputs exert a larger control on microbial biomass than aboveground litter inputs in forest ecosystems.Our study also highlights that changes in above-and belowground litter inputs could alter soil C stability differently by shifting the microbial community structure in the opposite direction.These findings are useful for predicting microbe-mediated C processes in response to changes in forest management or climate.

Artificial root exudates and soil organic carbon mineralization in a degraded sandy grassland in northern China

Plant root exudates contain various organic and inorganic components that include glucose, citric and oxalic acid. These components affect rhizosphere microbial and microfaunal activities, but the mechanisms are not fully known. Studies concerned from degraded grassland ecosystems with low soil carbon（C） contents are rare, in spite of the global distribution of grasslands in need of restoration. All these have a high potential for carbon sequestration, with a reduced carbon content due to overutilization. An exudate component that rapidly decomposes will increase soil respiration and CO2 emission, while a component that reduces decomposition of native soil carbon can reduce CO2 emission and actually help sequestering carbon in soil. Therefore, to investigate root exudate effects on rhizosphere activity, citric acid, glucose and oxalic acid（0.6 g C/kg dry soil） were added to soils from three biotopes（grassland, fixed dune and mobile dune） located in Naiman, Horqin Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia, China） and subjected to a 24-day incubation experiment together with a control. The soils were also analyzed for general soil properties. The results show that total respiration without exudate addition was highest in grassland soil, intermediate in fixed dune and lowest in mobile dune soil. However, the proportion of native soil carbon mineralized was highest in mobile dune soil, reflecting the low C/N ratio found there. The exudate effects on CO2-C emissions and other variables differed somewhat between biotopes, but total respiration（including that from the added substrates） was significantly increased in all combinations compared with the control, except for oxalic acid addition to mobile dune soil, which reduced CO2-C emissions from native soil carbon. A small but statistically significant increase in pH by the exudate additions in grassland and fixed dune soil was observed, but there was a major decrease from acid additions to mobile dune soil. In contrast, electrical conductivity decreased in grassland and fixed dune soil and increased in mobile dune. Thus, discrete components of root exudates affected soil environmental conditions differently, and responses to root exudates in soils with low carbon contents can differ from those in normal soils. The results indicate a potential for, e.g., acid root exudates to decrease decomposition rate of soil organic matter in low carbon soils, which is of interest for both soil restoration and carbon sequestration.

Soil Urease Activity of Sundarban Mangrove Ecosystem, India

Vertical occurrence of soil urease activity along with ammonia content from three distinct regions viz. Deep forest region (No tidal action and wave attack occurs as it is furthest from river shore and it contains maximum content of organic carbon and minimum soil salinity and silicate concentration. In this zone plenty of pneumatophores, below ground root and dense vegetation are found), Rooted region (It is situated in between Deep forest region and Un-rooted region. This region contains only pneumatophores but it is devoid of long roots and vegetations. It faces wave attack and tidal action less than that of Un-rooted region) and Un-rooted region (It is closest to river shore and faces maximum wave attack and tidal action;it contains minimum organic carbon but maximum soil salinity and silicate concentration. This zone is totally devoid of any roots, pneumatophores and vegetations) of Sundarban mangrove forest ecosystem, India revealed an interesting explanation. Soil urease activity showed a decreasing pattern with increase in depth from the deep forest region of the Sundarban forest ecosystem. Soil urease activity was found to be more sensitive to soil temperature and pH rather than soil salinity. This ensured that soil urease along with the microbes present in the Sundarban forest ecosystem are more tolerant to fluctuation in salinity than that of temperature. Soil ammonia concentration was found to be directly governed by the soil urease activity [The regression equation is Ammonia in soil = -1.64 + 0.0402 Urease Activity (R-Sq = 62.9%, P < 0.001, n = 41)].

Preliminary Study on Biological Characteristics of Degraded Soil Ecosystems in Dry Hot Valley of the Jinsha River

Distribution characteristics of soil animals,microorganisms and enzymatic activity were studied in the dry red soil and Vertisol ecosystems with different degradation degrees in the Yuanmou dry hot valley of the Jinsha River,China.Results showed that Hymenoptera,Araneae and Collembola were the dominant groups of soil animals in the polts studied.The numbers of groups and individuals and density of soil animals in the dry red soil series were higher than those in the Vertisol series,and the numbers of individuals and density of soil animals decreased with the degree of soil degradation.Bacteria dominated microbiococnosis not only in the dry red soils but also in the Vertisols.Microbial numbers of the dry red soil series were higher than those of Vertisol series,and decreased with the degree of soil degradation.The activities of catalase,invertase,urease and alkaline phosphatase declined with the degradation degree and showed a significant decline with depth in the profiles of both the dry red soils and the Vertisols,but activities of polyphenol oxidase and acid and neutral phosphatase showed the same tendencies only in the Vertisols.It was concluded that the characteristics of soil animals,microorganisms and enzymatic activity could be used as the bio-indicators to show the degradation degree of the dry red soils and Vertisols.Correlation among these soil bio-indicators was highly significant.

Phosphorus Biogeochemical Cycle Research in Mountainous Ecosystems

Phosphorus(P),as a limiting nutrient,plays a crucial role in the mountainous ecosystem development.Its biogeochemical cycle in mountainous ecosystems determines the bioavailability and sustainable supply of P,and thus becomes a crucial process which needs to be fully understood and described for ecological and environmental conservation.However,most of research about P biogeochemical processes has been carried out in aquatic environment and agronomic field,but rare researches have been done in mountain ecosystem.In the present review,we summarize researches on P biogeochemical cycle concerning mountain ecosystem in recent decades,including rock weathering,the release,transformation and bioavailability of P,interactions between the P biological cycle and microbial and plant life,as well as the development of models.Based on the state of art,we propose the future work on this direction,including the integration of all these research,the development of a practical model to understand the P biogeochemical cycle and its bioavailability,and to provide a reference for ecological and environmental conservation of mountainous ecosystems and lowland aquatic systems.

Fine root morphology and soil properties under influence of different tree stands along an altitudinal climosequence in the Carpathian mountains

In an era of climate change, understanding the factors that impact root systems can improve our understanding of carbon cycling in forest ecosystems. The study objective was to determine the impact of climatic conditions on the biomass and morphology of roots of different tree species along an elevation gradient, and consequently on properties of montane forest soils. The study plots were established at three different elevations(600, 800 and1000 m a.s.l.) along a slope with an inclination of 15°. The research plots were located in a beech stand(Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir stand(Abies alba Mill.). Soil samples were collected from each study plot, for which basic physical and chemical properties were determined. Additionally, we determined the morphology, production and decomposition rate of fine roots. Our analyses confirmed the significance of climatic conditions in the formation of soil properties, in particular the amount of accumulated carbon and nitrogen content. A decrease of root biomass and reduced root growth were recorded with increasing elevation. The characteristics of roots were linked with the properties of the studied mountain soils, in particular p H, alkaline cation content and content of selected micronutrients. Limitation of root growth in higher elevations affected both study species. Additional research into the formation of tree root morphology is needed, especially in mountainous regions where changes may occur more dynamically. This will provide a better understanding of how stands can cope with different types of environmental stress.

Exogenous Inoculation of Microorganisms Effect on Root Exudates and Rhizosphere Microorganism of Tobaccos

Studying the relationship between rhizosphere microorganisms and root exudates is of great significance for the interaction between rhizosphere microorganisms and plants, and the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases. This article analyzed the effects of different microorganisms on tobacco root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms. It was found that the bacterial wilt pathogen can greatly increase acids and amines, while the probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 can eliminate some acids and amines. The results of the study show that the root exudates of pathogenic bacteria may contain a variety of allelochemicals that cause soil-borne diseases.

Salt tolerant culturable microbes accessible in the soil of the Sundarban Mangrove forest, India

Sundarban Mangrove forest is highly productive marine ecosystem where halophilic microbes actively participate in bio-mineralization and biotransformation of minerals. The population of aerobic halophilic microbes was studied to determine their distribution with the availability of different physicochemical parameters with increasing depth of this forest sediment. The present study revealed that microbes present in the top soil region were less tolerant to fluctuation in salinity than the middle and bottom segment. Microbes isolated from bottom segment showed higher growth rate in anaerobic condition. A decreasing trend of total microbial population and organic carbon content of soil were found with increase in depth. In contrary a reverse profile was found for salinity. A significant stratification was found to exist among microbial population and the salty nature of the soil of Sundarban Mangrove forest.

Novel Approach in Sampling and Tensile Strength Evaluation of Roots to Enhance Soil for Preventing Erosion

This paper presents novel approaches to address the complex issues associated with preservation, transportation, and tensile testing of the vegetation root samples needed for the enhancement of soil and prevent erosion. Readily availability of no equipment for in-situ assessment of the roots’ contribution to soil strength forces the researchers to transport the root samples to the lab for testing and estimating the contribution to the soil shear strength. Moreover, the standard procedures and apparatuses available in the public domain are regrettably suitable for testing of relatively stiffer materials. Therefore, conducting the tensile test of roots using off-the-shelf equipment often causes premature failure of the soft tissues and produces an erratic result, which ultimately leads to unrealistic soil shear strength. The experimental work replaced the traditional jaw type grips by innovative 3D-printed mold or metal ring with silicone, epoxy, and hot-glue to ensure a minimal degree of damage to the roots. Other scopes of the study include a comparison between fresh and refrigerated samples, the effect of sample storage temperature, pH, and Optimum Effective Root Area (OERA) per unit area of soil. Initial study conducted on the Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) roots involved comparison for different approaches based on the gripping technic to select the best method. Finally, the paper included the results of tensile strength test performed on Spartina alterniflora root samples following the suggested guidelines thus helping better evaluation of root embedded soil shear strength, enhancing the resistance against soil erosion, and conserving the ecosystem.

根系微生物多样性的研究进展

根系微生物参与土壤生态功能、环境功能和植物免疫功能,是维持植物健康的核心与关键。了解不同微生物的调控机制对有效利用微生物来维持作物健康生长至关重要。植物根系、土壤及微生物构成了一个动态稳定的生态系统,它们相互影响,相互制约。植物根系通过分泌物来选择富集偏好微生物,反过来在植物生长发育过程中土壤微生物也发挥着重要作用,比如利用微生物的抗干旱、解磷、增强植物抵御病原菌等一系列多样性特性来促进植物生长发育。文章主要从根系微生物对魔芋套作的多种特性影响综述了微生物在植物生长发育过程中的作用,为作物设计育种提供重要的理论依据。

植物根系研究新技术Minirhizotron的起源、发展和应用

根系是土壤和植物的动态界面,对植物和土壤均具有重要意义。但由于根系深处地下,观测研究十分不便,导致根系研究在广度、深度上均落后于地上部分。随着对根系在生态系统以及全球碳平衡中重要作用的认识,根系渐渐成为国际相关领域的研究热点之一。Minirhizotron(微根区管或小观察窗)技术的诞生和应用,使根系研究手段得到了进一步发展,成为根系研究技术发展的重要里程碑。Minirhizotron技术主要由透明观察管、观测设备和记录设备组成,观测设备曾先后使用了普通镜子、观察镜和相机(或摄像机),记录设备也相应地经历了手工绘制、传统黑白、彩色相片或录像带以及高清晰数字图像。同时,还开发了多种图像自动分析系统,使该项技术日臻完善。Minirhizotron技术可以以非破坏方式,定期对同一根系的出现、生长、衰老、死亡和消失进行连续观察,对根系伸长、根系密度、扎根深度、侧根伸展、分枝特性、菌根特性以及细根动态、根系生命周期和分解等进行观测研究,同时,也可开展根系对不同处理响应的研究。因此,Minirhizotron技术必将在农业、林业和环境等科学领域得到越来越广泛的应用。

山核桃根系分泌物对溶磷菌生长及活化土壤磷的影响

【目的】研究山核桃根系分泌物对外源溶磷菌生长和活化土壤磷能力的影响,进一步阐明微生物和植物的相互作用,也为缓解山核桃林地磷限制提供科学依据和技术支撑。【方法】利用液体摇瓶和土壤培养的方式,以2株具有有机磷活化能力的菌株[产酶溶杆菌(CQ18)和多黏类芽孢杆菌(QP22)]为试验材料,研究山核桃根系分泌物对其生长繁殖和活化磷的影响。【结果】液体培养时,添加山核桃根系分泌物对菌株CQ18生长无显著影响,但促进菌株QP22繁殖。接种后,有机磷液体培养液(以卵磷脂为唯一磷源)的酸、中、碱性磷酸酶活性显著增强;可溶性磷含量呈先增加后减少趋势,并均显著高于未接种处理。接种菌株CQ18的处理中,平均可溶性磷含量以低浓度山核桃根系分泌物处理最高(41.93 mg·L^(-1)),未添加山核桃根系分泌物处理最低(37.01 mg·L^(-1));接种菌株QP22处理中,中浓度山核桃根系分泌物处理最高(30.14 mg·L^(-1)),高浓度山核桃根系分泌物处理最低(18.09 mg·L^(-1))。接种土壤中菌体数量和土壤有效磷含量及酸性磷酸酶活性呈先增后减趋势,并均高于未接种处理。培养结束时,与未添加山核桃根系分泌物处理相比,含有山核桃根系分泌物处理的供试菌株数量最多,酸性磷酸酶活性显著增强,但其处理间有效磷含量无显著差异。【结论】菌株CQ18和QP22通过分泌磷酸酶水解卵磷脂、活化土壤中难溶性磷,并且山核桃根系分泌物能促进其生长繁殖和矿化有机磷。因此,菌株CQ18和QP22在山核桃林地应用中具有巨大潜力。

喀斯特林地细根碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的季节变化及其影响因子

植物细根养分生态化学计量特征是植被适应土壤环境的一种策略。为了解喀斯特地区不同林地类型细根碳(C)氮(N)磷(P)的生态化学计量比值的季节变化及其影响因素,该文研究了喀斯特地区灌木林和乔木林活细根和死细根的C、N、P含量和比值及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明:(1)总体上乔木林两类细根C、N、P含量高于灌木林,表明乔木物种细根对养分的吸收和储存比灌木物种更强。另外,两种林地类型活细根C含量显著高于死细根(P<0.05),而活细根N、P含量则低于死细根。(2)两种林地类型的两类细根C含量在雨季均低于旱季;灌木林活细根N、P含量在雨季高于旱季,而乔木林相反。灌木林活细根C∶N、C∶P和N∶P比值在雨季均低于旱季;乔木林两类细根的C∶N和C∶P比值在雨季高于旱季,而N∶P比值则是雨季低于旱季。雨季较低的活细根N∶P比值,表明灌木林和乔木林的植物在雨季的P限制程度较低。(3)两种林地类型上坡两类细根的C含量均高于中坡和下坡,而灌木林下坡N、P含量相对较高,乔木林中坡N、P含量相对较高;灌木林上坡两类细根C∶N、C∶P、N∶P比值相对较高,乔木林下坡两类细根的C∶N比值高于其他坡位而C∶P和N∶P比值是上坡高于其他坡位,表明两种林地中的植物在上坡受P限制影响较强,在中下坡受影响较弱。(4)冗余分析表明,林地类型、有效磷、季节是细根C、N、P养分含量及比值的主要影响因子,它们的单独解释量分别为18.8%、6.6%、6.5%。上述结果表明,在人工促进植被恢复时应考虑适当的林地类型、季节以及坡位差异造成的N∶P比值变化的影响,以便加快喀斯特生态系统的恢复。

喀斯特地区植物根系分泌物酶活性对根际土酶活性和养分的影响

为了探究喀斯特地区植物根系分泌物酶活性对根际土酶活性和养分的影响,我们测定了灌草丛、灌木林、灌乔林和乔木林4个植被恢复阶段群落水平根系分泌物和根际土的β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶(βG)、β-N-乙酰葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活性与土壤碳氮磷的含量,并分析了它们之间的关系。结果表明:(1)根际土以及根系分泌物的4种酶活性在植被恢复后期显著高于植被恢复前期;乔木林的根系分泌物酶活性C∶P和N∶P比值显著高于其他植被恢复阶段,而根际土酶活性这2个比值则正好相反。(2)相关分析显示,根系分泌物酶活性与对应的土壤酶活性呈显著正相关;相对于根系分泌物酶活性,土壤酶活性与相关养分的相关系数值更高。另外,根际土以及根系分泌物βG、NAG和LAP酶活性与根际土有机碳(SOC)和全氮(TN)呈显著正相关,根际土以及根系分泌物ACP酶活性与根际土速效磷(AP)呈显著正相关。上述结果表明,植被恢复对根系分泌物酶和土壤酶活性的提高具有正向的作用,根系分泌物酶是土壤酶的有利补充,在碳氮磷养分循环过程中起到积极的促进作用。综上所述,调控根系分泌物分泌及其酶活性可能为喀斯特生态系统的植被恢复提供新的视角。

Effects of Tobacco Pathogens and Their Antagonistic Bacteria on Tobacco Root Exudates

The research on relationship between rhizosphere microbes and root exudates has a great significance on discussion of interaction between rhizosphere microbes and plants, as well as control of soil-borne diseases and insect pest. GC-MS was used to analyze changes of tobacco root exudates under the antagonistic action of tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank. It turned out that when pathogens of tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank in tobacco root microorganisms increase, tobacco root exudates augmented rapidly among of which organic acids have the biggest growth, followed by amines. When the pathogens of tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank are inhibited by the active substance of antagonistic antibacterial, 20 - 23 kinds of root exudates are added;besides, the content of 7 substances was reduced to 0. Another inter-esting finding was that the fluctuations of phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and benzoic acid, which have caused continuous cropping obstacles, were very dis-tinct. The results of this study have provided novel clues for the exploration of continuous tobacco cropping obstacles and soil-borne diseases.

湿地生态系统脱氮过程的植物调控机制

氮是引起水体富营养化的关键生源要素之一。近年来,全球水体富营养化问题依然突出,开展水体氮削减过程及机理研究具有重要意义。被称为“地球之肾”的湿地生态系统具有氮吸收、转化和截留等功能,作为主要初级生产者的湿地植物在其中发挥着重要作用。在分析湿地生态系统脱氮过程的基础上,重点从植物种类及多样性、根系分泌物、植物凋落物等方面阐述了植物调控湿地生态系统脱氮过程的机制,并对未来需要重点关注的问题进行了展望。建议从植物氮偏好性、植物多维多样性、植物-微生物群落相互作用、根系分泌物不同组分、脱氮过程产物组成等方向进一步深入深究脱氮过程的植物调控机制,为湿地生态系统削减氮污染提供理论依据和技术指导。

秸秆添加对土壤微生物–根系形态介导的番茄磷吸收的影响

【目的】研究了添加秸秆后土壤微生物(包括解磷微生物)丰度、磷有效性的动态变化,以及作物根系的生长发育特征对作物磷吸收的影响。【方法】以番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)为供试作物进行田间试验,设置添加秸秆和不添加秸秆对照两个处理,在番茄移栽后第15、30及45天,测定了番茄地上部生物量、磷含量和根系形态,同时测定了土壤微生物数量(细菌、真菌、解磷微生物)、微生物生物量磷和速效磷含量,分析了微生物-根系–作物磷吸收的关系。【结果】添加秸秆提高了成熟期番茄的地上部生物量,显著提高了叶片和地上部的磷吸收量,地上部(叶+茎+果实)总磷吸收量较不加秸秆番茄增加21.8%。与无秸秆对照处理相比,添加秸秆处理提高了土壤细菌以及具pho D,pho C和pqq C功能基因的解磷微生物丰度,增加了微生物量磷。添加秸秆处理降低了移栽后15天番茄根系生物量和组织密度,增加了根系比根长,降低了移栽后15到30天的番茄根系生长。番茄移栽后第30天到45天,土壤细菌、真菌丰度下降,微生物量磷降低,丰富的解磷微生物以及微生物量磷降低介导的磷活化,驱动番茄根系生长加快,比根长增加,根系直径降低。根系生长与土壤有效磷(OlsenP)相关性显著。【结论】添加秸秆初期微生物增生导致番茄根系生长缓慢,后期微生物量磷的降低和解磷微生物对磷的活化促进细根的快速伸长。秸秆还田激发微生物量磷活化协同根系高效磷吸收特征,促进成熟期番茄地上部磷吸收的增加。

影响土壤有机碳含量和组分及其稳定性的关键因素

土壤有机碳在调节气候变化和生态系统方面起到了关键作用,因此维持或提高土壤有机碳的稳定性具有重要的理论和实践意义。目前随着研究的深入,土壤有机碳稳定的研究方式不断更新,且其关键影响机制尚不明确。因此本文总结了目前研究中土壤有机碳的四种分组方法(物理、化学、生物及模型分组)及其测定方式,并指出这些分组方法中存在的局限性和测定结果中的不确定性,提出按照研究需求选择合适的处理方式的建议。此外,本文还综述了土壤稳定性响应植物及微生物的输入、输出和土壤矿物的机制,指出目前仍缺乏对不同生态系统下影响土壤有机碳稳定性的关键因子和多因素耦合作用对稳定性影响的研究。

“同一健康”框架下的城市环境微生物及其优化设计

【目的】影响城市健康的生态要素除了可见的动植物和水体等构建的绿色和蓝色空间之外,尚有肉眼看不见的微生物世界。在“同一健康”框架下探索城市微生物环境的重要性,旨在为健康城市规划提供新的优化设计思路。【方法/过程】首先阐述“同一健康”和城市微生物的关系;其次探究城镇化对环境微生物的影响以及环境微生物与人体健康的重要联系;最后提出健康城市环境微生物的优化设计思路。【结果/结论】微生物通过影响人居环境和人体微生物的组成和多样性影响人体健康。城镇化将减少环境微生物多样性,引起人类微生物的失衡,导致人类过敏性炎症的多发和其他相关疾病;调节环境微生物的多样性和特定菌种的丰度,可以改善人体健康。未来健康城市的空间设计需要充分考虑微生物要素,研究城市空间对微生物组成、多样性及其时空分布的驱动机制,从而通过空间规划设计优化城市微生物生态系统,实现人与自然的和谐共生。

施磷影响番茄磷吸收的根系及微生物动态过程

探究不同供磷条件下蔬菜作物根系形态、根际生理属性和解磷微生物丰度的变化,有助于揭示蔬菜作物高效利用磷的机制,为高投入蔬菜种植体系实现减磷增效提供理论基础。以番茄为供试作物进行田间试验,设置T_(0)(不施化学磷肥)、T_(0.5P)(施磷量100 kg/hm~2;减施化学磷肥50%)、T_(0.8P)(施磷量160 kg/hm~2;减施化学磷肥20%)、T_(P)(施磷量200 kg/hm~2;常规施磷)4个处理,测定移栽后第15、30及45 d番茄地上部生物量和磷吸收以及根系形态(根长密度、比根长)、根际生理属性(有机酸含量)和土壤解磷微生物(pho D、pho C和pqq C)基因丰度,阐明降低磷肥施用量影响作物根系、微生物以及驱动番茄磷吸收的动态过程。与常规施肥相比,减施磷肥50%(施磷100 kg/hm~2)促进了移栽后45 d番茄根系比根长的增加,提高了移栽后45 d番茄根际有机酸的分泌,同时刺激了移栽后30和45 d土壤编码pho C和pqq C基因解磷微生物的增生。解磷微生物pho C和pqq C基因丰度与番茄根系比根长和根际有机酸的分泌呈显著正相关。减施磷肥20%(施磷160 kg/hm~2)与常规施肥相比,对番茄根系根长密度、比根长以及根际有机酸的分泌无显著影响,但显著促进了成熟期番茄地上部磷吸收。集约化蔬菜种植体系具有较大的减施磷肥的空间,最大化发挥植物根系形态、生理可塑性以及协同解磷微生物活化磷的能力是实现减磷增效的关键。