β2-Microglobulin exacerbates neuroinflammation,brain damage,and cognitive impairment after stroke in rats

β2-Microglobulin(β2M),a component of the major histocompatibility complex class I molecule,is associated with aging-related cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease.Although upregulation ofβ2M is considered to be highly related to ischemic stroke,the specific role and underlying mechanistic action ofβ2M are poorly understood.In this study,we established a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.We found thatβ2M levels in the cerebral spinal fluid,serum,and brain tissue were significantly increased in the acute period but gradually decreased during the recovery period.RNA interference was used to inhibitβ2M expression in the acute period of cerebral stroke.Tissue staining with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride and evaluation of cognitive function using the Morris water maze test demonstrated that decreasedβ2M expression in the ischemic penumbra reduced infarct volume and alleviated cognitive deficits,respectively.Notably,glial cell,caspase-1(p20),and Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation as well as production of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-αwere also effectively inhibited byβ2M silencing.These findings suggest thatβ2M participates in brain injury and cognitive impairment in a rat model of ischemic stroke through activation of neuroinflammation associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Correlation between glycated hemoglobin A1c,urinary microalbumin,urinary creatinine,β2 microglobulin,retinol binding protein and diabetic retinopathy

BACKGROUND Retinopathy is the most common microvascular disease of type 2 diabetes,and seriously threatens the life,health and quality of life of patients.It is worth noting that the development of diabetic retinopathy(DR)can be hidden,with few symptoms.Therefore,the preliminary screening of diabetic patients should identify DR as soon as possible,delay disease progression,and play a vital role in its diagnosis and treatment.AIM To investigate the correlation between glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),urinary microalbumin(U-mALB),urinary creatinine(U-CR),mALB/U-CR ratio,β2 microglobulin(β2MG),retinol binding protein(RBP)and DR.METHODS A total of 180 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei from January 2022 to August 2022 were retrospectively enrolled by ophthalmologists.Based on whether they had combined retinopathy and its degree,68 patients with diabetes mellitus without retinopathy(NDR)were assigned to the NDR group,54 patients with non-proliferative DR(NPDR)to the NPDR group,and 58 patients with proliferative DR to the PDR group.General data,and HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR results were collected from the patients and compared among the groups.Pearson's correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR indices,and multiple linear regression was applied to identify the risk factors for DR.Receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curves were also drawn.RESULTS The differences in age,gender,systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the groups were not statistically significantly(P>0.05),but the difference in disease duration was statistically significant(P<0.05).The differences in fasting blood glucose,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total cholesterol,and triglyceride between the groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).HbA1c in the PDR group was higher than that in the NPDR and NDR groups(P<0.05).The levels of mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and UCR in the PDR group were higher than those in the NPDR and NDR groups(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that disease duration,HbA1c,mALB,β2MG,RBP,mALB/U-CR and U-CR were risk factors for the development of DR.The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for the combination of indices(HbA1c+mALB+mALB/U-CR+U-CR+β2MG+RBP)was 0.958,with a sensitivity of 94.83%and specificity of 96.72%,which was higher than the AUC for single index prediction(P<0.05).CONCLUSION HbA1c,mALB,mALB/U-CR,U-CR,β2MG and RBP can reflect the development of DR and are risk factors affecting PDR,and the combination of these six indices has predictive value for PDR.

Serum beta 2-microglobulin as a biomarker in inflammatory bowel disease

AIM: To investigate the diagnostic utility of beta 2 microglobulin(B2-M) levels and analyze this correlation with the activity of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS: Overall, 78 IBD patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. We examined B2-M serum levels in 43 ulcerative colitis(UC) patients, 35 with Crohn's disease(CD) and 30 control subjects, using an enzymatic method. Patients were divided into two groups according to two disease types: active and in remission. Subjects were also divided into two subgroups according to extent of the disease: left-side and pancolitis for UC and ileitis and ileocolitis for CD. All groups were compared for mean serum B2-M levels and also examined to see whether there was a correlation between serum B2-M levels and other inflammatory markers.RESULTS: The mean serum B2-M levels in the control group, UC and CD were 1.71, 2.41 and 2.24 respectively. B2-M values ≥ 1.96 mg/L had a 62% sensitivity, 76% specificity, a 79% positive predictive value, and a 58% negative predictive value for UC patients. B2-Mvalues ≥ 1.70 mg/L had 80% sensitivity, 53% specificity, 66% positive predictive value, and 69% negative predictive value for CD patients. Mean B2-M values were significantly higher in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients than in healthy controls(UC 2.41 ± 0.87 vs 1.71 ± 0.44, P = 0.002; CD 2.24 ± 1.01 vs 1.71 ± 0.44, P = 0.033). Also, mean B2-M values were significantly higher in active disease when compared to patients in remission(UC 2.66 ± 0.92 vs 1.88 ± 0.41, P = 0.004; CD 2.50 ± 1.15 vs 1.73 ± 0.31, P = 0.033). The difference between groups(UC and CD) in terms of serum B2-M levels was statistically insignificant(2.41 ± 0.87 vs 2.24 ± 1.01, P > 0.05 respectively).CONCLUSION: Serum B2-M levels may be used as an activity parameter in IBD.

Prognostic indicator by urinary microglobulin after renal stenting

Objective To evaluate the effect of revascularization of the renal artery on urinary microglobulin in patients with coronaryartery disease and significant renal artery stenosis (RAS). Methods Forty-four patients with coronary artery disease and severe RAS (luminal narrowing＞70%) underwent percutaneous transluminal renal artery angioplasty (PTRA) and stenting, as well as percutaneous coronary intervention. The urine -microglobulin (α1-MG) and β2-Cmicroglobulin (β2-MG) at baseline and at 3 months after the procedures were measured. Procedural success rate, procedural complications, serum creatinine concentration at baseline and at 3-months were also recorded. Results At 3-months after the renal revascularization therapy, there was no significant change of urine α1-MG ompared with that of the baseline, however, the urine β2-MG decreased significantly 3-months after the treatment (237±187μg/L vs 377±173 μg/L, P＜0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that persistent elevation of urine was an independent predictor of severe events (including re-admission and renal failure) after renal revascularization therapy in patients with severe RAS (OR=3.01,95% CI 1.01-8.95, P=0.036). Conclusions In patients with coronary artery disease and severe RAS, revascularization with PTRA and stenting may improve renal tubular function, but a continuous high level of urinary microglobulins after intervention is associated with more frequent re-hospitalization and renal failure.

A Judgment of Attribution of Increase in Urine β_2-Microglobulin after Environmental Cadmium Exposure

Urineβ_2-microglobulin (β_2-m) was measured in 433 persons with low-level, long-term environmental exposure to Cd, and in 124 control persons from unpolluted area. In 152 of the exposed persons, and some of the controls, the urine β-m exceeded the limit. Of the 433 exposed persons, 74 cases with both urine Cd and β_2-m exceeding the limit were matched by the control. This study suggests that after the stratification of the degrees of renal tubular injury according to the fractional β_2-m excretion (FE β_2-m) and coordination of clinical examination, FE β_2-m could contribute to identifying renal tubular dysfunction due to Cd exposure and kidney lesion when both Cd exposure and original nephropathy exist.

Cervical Length Estimation and Cervicovaginal Fluid for Placental <i>α</i>-Microglobulin 1 Testing to Screen Women Had Threatened Preterm Labor for Time till Spontaneous Labor

Objectives: Evaluation of diagnostic performance of rapid testing of cervico-vaginal fluid (CVF) for fetal fibronectin (FFN) and placental α-microglobulin 1 (PAMG-1) as screening of women presented by threatened preterm labor (TPTL) with intact membranes for duration till getting spontaneous labor (SL). Patients & Methods: 37 women presenting with TPTL underwent CVF samplings before digital examination and then underwent transvaginal ultrasonography for estimation of cervical length (CL). All women received fluid and anxiolytic therapy and if uterine contractions persisted, all had received tocolytic therapy with oral nifedipine or intravenous magnesium sulphate according to requirements. Incidence of SL within Results: Incidence of SL was 13.5%, 35.2% and 51.3% within 48-hr, 2 - 7 and 7 - 14 days, respectively. Duration till labor after sampling was positively correlated with CL, while was negatively correlated with positive FFN and PAMG-1 tests. Positive FFN test had high specificity, while positive PAMG-1 test had high sensitivity for labor within 7 days. Regression analysis defined short CL and positive PAMG-1 test as significant predictors for short duration till SL. ROC curve analysis defined short cervix and positive PAMG-1 test as significant predictors for labor within 48-hr and within 2 - 7 days respectively and combined negative PAMG-1 test and CL of 20 - 25 mm were significant predictors for labor within 7 - 14 days. Conclusion: PAMG-1 test had high specificity, if positive, for predicting SL and high NPP, if negative, for excluding labor within 7 days, so it can be used as rapid adjuvant to clinical evaluation to help management decision-making. Moreover, PAMG-1 test is recommended screening test for being easy-to-use bedside test, provides rapid results, can be used after vaginal exam and coitus and does not require a speculum examination or specialized equipment to analyze results.

Relationship between serum b2-microglobulin levels and virological breakthrough in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients,under long-term treatment schedules including lamivudine

AIM: Predictive value of serum b2-microglobulin (b2m)levels for virological breakthrough (VB) in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients under long-term treatment schedules including lamivudine (LAM).METHODS: Serum b2m levels were calculated during treatment in 25 CHB patients under long-term LAM monotherapy (group A) and 12 patients under initial interferon plus LAM treatment followed by LAM monotherapy (group B), using the MEIA technology. We used Cox proportional hazard models in order to investigate the association between serum b2m levels and VB.RESULTS: Seven of 25 patients (28%), 9/25 (36%) and 14/25 (56%) from group A and 0/12, 2/12 (16.6%) and 3/12 (25%) from group B exhibited VB at months 12, 24 and 36 of treatment, respectively. All patients, from both groups, who did not show VB exhibited b2m elevation in mo 3. The duration of b2m elevation was significantly longer in the virological responder's subgroup from group A than the non-responder's one (7.3±2.6 vs 3.8±3.4 mo,P = 0.02). In comparison to group A patients whose b2m levels were increased at 3 mo, patients whose b2m levels were decreased had 4.6 times higher risk of experiencing VB (RR = 4.6, P = 0.024). When baseline variables were simultaneously included in the same Cox model, decreased b2m status was still associated with increased risk of VB (RR = 12.2, P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: In HBeAg-negative CHB patients under either long-term LAM monotherapy or initial combination treatment, serum b2m levels at 3 mo of treatment,compared to baseline ones, might be a predictor of risk for VB.

Role of β2-microglobulin in uremic patients may be greater than originally suspected

The role of beta2-microglobulin(β2M) in dialysisrelated amyloidosis as a specific amyloid precursor was defined in the 1980 s. Studies in those years were largely related to β2M amyloidosis. In 2005, for what was probably the first time in the available literature, we provided data about the association betweenβ2M and early-onset atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients without co-morbidities. In recent years, the role of uremic toxins in uremic atherosclerosis and the interest in β2M as a marker of cardiovascular(CV) and/or mortality risk have grown. In the current literature,clinical studies suggest that β2M is an independent, significant predictor of mortality, not only in dialysis patients, but also in predialysis patients and in the highrisk portion of the general population, and it seems to be a factor strongly linked to the presence and severity of CV disease. It is still unknown whether β2M is only a uremic toxin marker or if it also has an active role in vascular damage, but data support that it may reflect an increased burden of systemic atherosclerosis in a setting of underlying chronic kidney disease. Thus, although there have been some inconsistencies among the various analyses relating to β2M, it promises to be a novel risk marker of kidney function in the awareness and detection of high-risk patients. However, more research is required to establish the pathophysiological relationships between retained uremic toxins and further biochemical modifications in the uremic milieu to get answers to the questions of why and how. In this review, the recent literature about the changing role of β2M in uremic patients will be examined.

Synaptic dysfunction in Down syndrome:an emerging role for circulatingβ2-microglobulin

Recent research by Gao et al.published in Cell proposes that circulatingβ2-microglobulin impairs synaptic function through antagonizing NMDA receptors in two mouse models of Down syndrome(DS),providing a potentially novel therapeutic target to combat cognitive deficits in the early stage of DS.^(1)

HBP、NT-proBNP及β_(2)-MG与脓毒血症病情严重程度的相关性及预后评估价值

目的探讨肝素结合蛋白(HBP)、氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)及β_(2)-微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)与脓毒血症病情严重程度的相关性,并分析其对患者预后的评估价值。方法选取2021年9月至2023年6月在上海市第六人民医院金山分院诊治的脓毒血症患者69例作为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。按病情严重程度将患者分为一般脓毒血症组(23例)、严重脓毒血症组(23例)和脓毒血症休克组(23例),另选取同期在上海市第六人民医院金山分院住院的非脓毒血症患者23例为对照组。根据28 d病死率将脓毒血症患者分为生存组和死亡组。检测并比较各组患者血清HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG水平及急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分,采用Pearson相关分析血清HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG水平与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性,并利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其对脓毒血症患者死亡的预测价值。结果一般脓毒血症组、严重脓毒血症组、脓毒血症休克组血清HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG水平及APACHEⅡ评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG水平及APACHEⅡ评分表现为一般脓毒血症组<严重脓毒血症组<脓毒血症休克组,任意两组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。死亡组血清HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG水平及APACHEⅡ评分均高于生存组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,脓毒血症患者血清HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(r=0.645、0.776、0.593,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG联合检测预测脓毒血症患者死亡的AUC为0.870(95%CI:0.730~1.000),明显高于HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG单独检测的AUC[0.768(95%CI:0.598~0.937)、0.792(95%CI:0.653~0.932)、0.814(95%CI:0.645~0.984)],差异均有统计学意义(Z=2.705,P=0.007;Z=2.496,P=0.013;Z=2.126,P=0.033)。结论检测血清HBP、NT-proBNP、β_(2)-MG水平有助于判断脓毒血症患者病情严重程度及评估患者预后,3项指标联合检测可预测患者死亡风险。

血清乳酸脱氢酶、β2微球蛋白、铁蛋白联合改良WHO预后积分系统预测骨髓增生异常综合征预后不良的价值

目的探讨血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)、铁蛋白(SF)联合改良WHO预后积分系统(WPSS)评分对骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)预后不良的预测价值。方法选取110例MDS患者作为研究对象,均检测血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平。根据生存情况将患者分为病死组与存活组,比较2组血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分。分析MDS预后不良的危险因素及血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分单独及联合对MDS预后不良的预测价值。结果MDS预后不良发生率为40.20%(41/102)。病死组血清LDH、β2-MG、SF、改良WPSS评分和染色体核型预后不良比率均高于存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cox回归模型分析结果显示,血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分升高、染色体核型预后不良是MDS预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平联合改良WPSS评分预测MDS预后不良的灵敏度和曲线下面积(AUC)分别为95.12%、0.918,均显著高于各指标单独预测(P<0.05)。结论血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分对MDS预后不良均具有一定的预测价值,但4项指标联合预测价值更高。

血液透析患者血清β_(2)微球蛋白水平与死亡率的相关分析

目的探讨维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血清β_(2)微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)与全因死亡及心脑血管死亡的相关性。方法纳入120例进行MHD的患者,收集患者透析前临床资料和生化检验结果,根据血清β_(2)-MG水平三分位数将患者分为低β_(2)-MG水平组(血清β_(2)-MG<30.0 mg/L,n=40),中等β_(2)-MG水平组(30.0 mg/L<β_(2)-MG<38.8 mg/L,n=40),高β_(2)-MG水平组(血清β_(2)-MG≥38.8 mg/L,n=40)。比较3组患者的基线资料,采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,Cox风险回归模型用于分析死亡率的影响因素。结果3组间体重、BMI、糖尿病史、残余尿量、透析龄、血磷、eGFR比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步线性回归分析显示,MHD患者血清多因素β_(2)-MG与残余尿量呈独立负相关(r=-3.475,P<0.05)。Cox回归分析结果显示,在校正年龄、性别、血清白蛋白、肌酐、eGFR、体重和超滤量等因素后,高水平β_(2)-MG是MHD患者发生死亡(HR=1.039,95%CI:1.003~1.076,P<0.05)与心脑血管疾病死亡的独立危险因素(HR=1.058,95%CI:1.015~1.102,P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,与β_(2)-MG中水平组比较,β_(2)-MG高水平组患者生存率明显降低(HR=0.330,95%CI:0.126~0.861,P<0.05)。结论血清β_(2)-MG是MHD患者死亡的独立预测因素,提示控制血清β_(2)-MG水平可能改善MHD患者的预后。

丹黄化浊通瘀丸治疗痛风性肾病的临床研究

目的:观察丹黄化浊通瘀丸治疗痛风性肾病的疗效及安全性。方法:选取痛风性肾病患者100例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组50例。对照组予以调节血脂、止痛等对症处理,并口服别嘌呤醇及坎地沙坦,观察组在此基础上口服丹黄化浊通瘀丸。两组均于治疗12周后评定疗效,并测定治疗前后血尿酸、24 h尿蛋白定量、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐、β_(2)微球蛋白及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组总有效率[94.0%(47/50)]高于对照组[78.0%(39/50)](P<0.05)。两组血尿酸、24 h尿蛋白、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐、β_(2)微球蛋白均较治疗前下降(P<0.05);其中血尿酸、β_(2)微球蛋白观察组较对照组下降更明显(P<0.05)。两组用药前后血常规、肝肾功能未见明显变化,无明显不良反应发生。结论:在常规应用西药治疗的基础上,以丹黄化浊通瘀丸治疗痛风性肾病可明显降低尿酸、减少蛋白尿,改善临床症状,且安全可靠。

Cys C、C1q、β_(2)-MG、Urea、UA检测对初诊多发性骨髓瘤患者合并肾损伤的诊断价值

目的探讨肾功能指标胱抑素C(cystatin C,Cys C)、补体C1q(complement C1q)、β_(2)-微球蛋白(β_(2)-microglobulin,β_(2)-MG)、尿素(Urea)、尿酸(uric acid,UA)对初诊多发性骨髓瘤(multiplemyeloma,MM)患者合并肾损伤(renal impairment,RI)的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2021年8月~2022年12月首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院血液科收治的93例初诊MM患者的病例资料,按照血肌酐水平将MM患者分为RI组[血肌酐>176.80mmol/L(2mg/dl),n=19]及非RI组[血肌酐≤176.80mmol/L(2mg/dl),n=74],对RI组和非RI组的临床资料及实验室指标进行分析。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析评价MM患者发生RI的危险因素,应用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评估危险因素对MM患者发生RI的预测价值。结果93例初诊MM患者发生RI者占25.68%,RI组轻链型占比最高(36.84%,7/19),IgG-λ型和IgA-κ型比例最低(10.53%,2/19);非RI组IgA-κ型比例最高(29.73%,22/74),IgG-λ型比例最低(12.16%,9/74)。DS分期中,RI组19例全部为Ⅲ期,非RI组72例全部为Ⅲ期。ISS分期中,RI组Ⅲ期最多(68.42%,13/19),非RI组中Ⅰ期最多(41.89%,31/74)。RISS分期中,RI组Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期最多(36.84%,7/19),非RI组Ⅱ期最多(58.11%,43/74)。DS分期和ISS分期组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RI组中Cys C、β_(2)-MG、Urea、UA水平均高于非RI组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,Cys C、Urea、β_(2)-MG水平异常升高是MM患者发生RI的危险因素(P<0.05),C1q对MM患者发生RI没有影响(P>0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,Cys C、Urea、β_(2)-MG水平异常升高均是MM患者发生RI的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。Cys C、Urea、β_(2)-MG预测MM患者发生RI的敏感度分别为88.9%、50.0%、94.4%,特异性分别为90.4%、100.0%、84.9%;Cys C、Urea、β_(2)-MG联合检测预测MM患者发生RI的敏感度为100.0%,特异性为87.7%。结论Cys C、Urea、β_(2)-MG均能较好地预测初诊MM患者发生RI的可能性,3项指标联合检测对MM患者发生RI具有更高的预测价值。

红细胞分布宽度β_(2)-微球蛋白与维持性血液透析患者认知障碍的相关性研究

目的 探讨红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、β_(2)-微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)与维持性血液透析(MHD)患者认知障碍(CI)之间的关系。方法 收集2022年1月至6月于山西医科大学第三医院血液净化中心MHD患者195例临床及实验室资料,进行简易智力状态检查量表筛查。Logistic回归分析MHD患者发生CI的危险因素、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析RDW、β_(2)-MG对MHD患者CI预测价值。结果 195例MHD患者中CI71例(36.4%)。Logistic回归分析显示RDW、β_(2)-MG是MHD患者发生CI的独立危险因素。RDW预测MHD认知功能障碍的灵敏度80.3%、特异度为83.1%,曲线下面积(95%CI)为0.856(0.803,0.909)(P<0.05)。β_(2)-MG预测MHD患者认知功能障碍的灵敏度87.3%、特异度为78.2%,曲线下面积(95%CI)为0.872(0.821,0.922)(P<0.05)。RDW联合β_(2)-MG预测MHD认知功能障碍灵敏度85.9%、特异度为88.0%,曲线下面积(95%CI)为0.949(0.922,0.975)(P<0.05)。结论 高RDW、β_(2)-MG对MHD患者认知障碍有一定预测价值,且两者联合检测对MHD患者认知障碍预测价值更高。

Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、Hcy在糖尿病肾病中的应用价值

目的探讨胱抑素C(Cys-C)、β_(2)微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)在糖尿病肾病中的应用价值。方法纳入2022年5月到2023年4月北京市昌平区医院收治的糖尿病肾病患者80例为观察组,同期单纯糖尿病患者50例为对照组。根据尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)将观察组进行分组,其中A组35例,尿UACR<30 mg/g;B组25例,尿UACR 30~299 mg/g;C组即肾损伤组20例,尿UACR≥300 mg/g。比较组间Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、Hcy水平,采用多因素Logistic回归分析糖尿病肾病发生肾损伤的影响因素,并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析对疾病的诊断价值。结果观察组Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、Hcy水平较对照组升高,A、B、C三组患者的血清Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、Hcy水平逐渐升高(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,Cys-C≥2.50 mg/L、β_(2)-MG≥3.96 mg/L、Hcy≥19.00μmol/L与糖尿病肾病患者出现肾损伤的独立相关。ROC曲线分析显示,Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、Hcy诊断糖尿病肾病的AUC分别为0.852、0.755、0.700,三项联合诊断AUC为0.906,灵敏度、特异度为90.0%、88.9%。结论Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、Hcy在糖尿病肾病患者中显著升高,与患者疾病的进展密切相关,联合检测有助于早期诊断和病情监测。

尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐、血清胱抑素C、血清β2-微球蛋白在高血压肾病早期诊断中的价值

目的研讨尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐(UACR)、血清胱抑素C(Cys-C)、血清β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)再诊断早期高血压肾病中的价值。方法选择新乡医学院第三附属医院2022年1月至2022年12月收入的82例高血压患者,依照有无合并肾病分为高血压无明确肾病组40例和高血压肾病组42例,再选择42例同期入院的健康体检者为对照组。检测所有研究对象UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG水平,对比三组检测结果。结果高血压肾病组UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG水平均高于高血压无明确肾病组和对照组,高血压无明确肾病组UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG水平较对照组高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同肾脏受损分级高血压患者的UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG水平存在差异,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),随着肾脏受损分级的增高,UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG水平也在不断增高;UACR联合Cys-C联合β2-MG检测高血压肾病阳性率97.62%,高于UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG单一检测的85.71%、80.95%、76.19%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG值均与肾脏受损程度呈正相关性(P<0.05)。结论UACR、Cys-C、β2-MG联合检测可辅助诊断早期高血压肾病,在临床应将三项指标联合应用,但还需结合病史和临床表现综合诊断。

尿微量白蛋白与尿肌酐比值、尿视黄醇结合蛋白及尿β2微球蛋白联合检测对糖尿病肾病的诊断价值

目的 探讨尿微量白蛋白与尿肌酐比值(ACR)、尿视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)及尿β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)联合检测对糖尿病肾病的诊断价值。方法 对2022年1月—2023年6月本院收治的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者200例临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据是否有糖尿病肾病分为肾病组(100例)、单纯糖尿病(DM)组(100例),均接受ACR、RBP及β2-MG联合检测,对检测结果进行分析。结果 肾病组ACR、RBP、β2-MG水平与单纯糖尿病组比较有明显差异(P<0.05);肾病组患者不同Mogensen分期患者的尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐比值、尿视黄醇及尿β2微球蛋白水平比较有明显差异(P<0.05);单项检测的诊断特异度、灵敏度明显较联合检测低(P<0.05)。结论 ACR、RBP、β2-MG联合检测对糖尿病肾病具有较高的检测价值,在出现早期肾损伤时即可检出,也有助于评估肾病程度,为临床制定治疗方案提供参考依据。

高胆红素血症新生儿血清CKMB NPY及β2-MG的水平变化及临床意义

目的:探讨高胆红素血症新生儿血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CreatineKinase-MB,CKMB)、神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)及β2-微球蛋白(β2-microglobulin,β2-MG)的水平变化及临床意义。方法:选取本院2019年1月至2022年1月收治的高胆红素血症新生儿118例为观察组,根据总胆红素(total bilirubin,STB)分度分为:轻度组58例(220.6μmoL/L<STB≤256.5μmoL/L),中度组42例(256.5μmoL/L<STB≤342μmoL/L),重度组18例(STB>342μmoL/L);另选取同期于本院经皮胆红素测定无黄疸的健康新生儿112例为对照组。比较对照组、观察组CKMB、NPY及β2-MG水平;比较观察组不同STB程度患者CKMB、NPY及β2-MG水平;根据经皮胆红素测定的STB水平分为急性期组及恢复期组,比较急性期及恢复期两组患者CKMB、NPY及β2-MG水平。结果:观察组CKMB、NPY及β2-MG水平均比对照组高(P<0.05)。不同STB程度患者CKMB、NPY、β2-MG水平比较:轻度组<中度组<重度组(P<0.05)。118例高胆红素血症新生儿中,急性期组67例和恢复期组51例,急性期组CKMB、NPY、β2-MG水平均高于恢复期组(P<0.05)。结论:血清CKMB、NPY及β2-MG与高胆红素血症新生儿病情严重程度及预后关系密切,可通过检测上述指标评估患儿病情进展及预后,具有重要临床意义。

微小RNA-155和血清β2微球蛋白检测在血液透析患者并发心血管疾病中的诊断价值

目的:探究血液透析患者中微小RNA-155(miRNA-155)和血清β2微球蛋白的表达与心血管疾病风险的相关性。方法:选择100例血液透析患者中患有心血管疾病的患者为试验组,100例血液透析患者中无心血管疾病的患者为对照组。采取血液透析患者一定量的静脉血样,检测患者血清中可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)、肌钙蛋白T(TNT)与血清氨基末端脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)。对所有研究对象的心血管疾病进行评估。采用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测血清中的miRNA-155的水平,采用速率散射比浊法检测血清β2微球蛋白水平。结果:试验组的年龄、糖尿病史的比例、开始透析的平均年龄、TNT平均水平、NT-proBNP平均水平与sST2平均水平高于对照组(均P<0.05)。同时,对照组的平均透析时间要高于试验组(P<0.05)。试验组血清中的miRNA-155含量明显低于对照组血清中的miRNA-155的含量(P<0.05),同时血清miRNA-155表达水平与TNT、NT-proBNP、sST2的水平呈现负相关性(均P<0.05)。试验组血清中的β2微球蛋白含量明显高于对照组血清中的β2微球蛋白的含量(P<0.05),同时血清β2微球蛋白水平与TNT、NT-proBNP、sST2的水平呈现正相关性(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示血清miRNA-155与β2微球蛋白诊断的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.912(95%CI:0.798~0.985)与0.842(95%CI:0.793~0.972)。结论:sST2、TNTNT-proBNP可以有效地对血液透析患者的心血管疾病作出诊断,同时患有心血管疾病的血液透析患者血清中miRNA-155表达水平较低,血清β2微球蛋白的表达水平较高;因此miRNA-155与血清β2微球蛋白在预测血液透析患者并发心血管疾病时具有较高价值。