Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease characterized by intra-alveolar presence of microliths. This study reports an interesting case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis and provides a systematic review ...Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease characterized by intra-alveolar presence of microliths. This study reports an interesting case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis and provides a systematic review of cases reported from India. A 23-year-old female presented with a history of cough, wheeze, chest pain, and episodic wheeze for five months. Pulmonary function tests demonstrated an obstructive pattern, and chest X- ray showed fine micronodular opacities predominantly involving the middle and lower zones of both lungs. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the diagnosis. She responded well to inhaled steroid therapy. A systematic review of literature was performed and identified 73 cases of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis reported from India. The mean （SD） age of the patients was 28.8 （14.9） years, with an almost equal male：female ratio. Many patients were asymptomatic at presentation. Breathlessness and cough were the most common symptoms, and the disease progressed into respiratory failure associated with cor pulmonale. About one-third of the cases were initially misdiagnosed and treated as pulmonary tuberculosis. Extra-pulmonary manifestations and co- morbidities were also evident in our series. This systematic review helps to determine epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Further research is needed to elucidate the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic options, which are beneficial in developing and identifying cost- effective treatment for pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.展开更多
The relationship between the paleolithic-neolithic cultural transition and environmentalevolvement has been a focus of the paleoanthropologists, archeologists, and Quaternary geolo-gists in the world. The analysis res...The relationship between the paleolithic-neolithic cultural transition and environmentalevolvement has been a focus of the paleoanthropologists, archeologists, and Quaternary geolo-gists in the world. The analysis result of the paleoanthropic living environment at Yujiagou site ofNihewan Basin in the north of China shows that the microlithic culture at the Yujiagou site occurredduring the opening centuries of the last deglaciation and developed markedly in the continuouswarm and dry climatic conditions from late period of last deglaciation to early postglacial. Moreover,it also shows that the neolithic culture at the Yujiagou site occurred in the early postglacial anddeveloped rapidly in a warm and humid climatic condition in the Holocene Megathermal. Climatevariation is an important factor leading to the paleolithic-neolithic cultural展开更多
文摘Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disease characterized by intra-alveolar presence of microliths. This study reports an interesting case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis and provides a systematic review of cases reported from India. A 23-year-old female presented with a history of cough, wheeze, chest pain, and episodic wheeze for five months. Pulmonary function tests demonstrated an obstructive pattern, and chest X- ray showed fine micronodular opacities predominantly involving the middle and lower zones of both lungs. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the diagnosis. She responded well to inhaled steroid therapy. A systematic review of literature was performed and identified 73 cases of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis reported from India. The mean （SD） age of the patients was 28.8 （14.9） years, with an almost equal male：female ratio. Many patients were asymptomatic at presentation. Breathlessness and cough were the most common symptoms, and the disease progressed into respiratory failure associated with cor pulmonale. About one-third of the cases were initially misdiagnosed and treated as pulmonary tuberculosis. Extra-pulmonary manifestations and co- morbidities were also evident in our series. This systematic review helps to determine epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Further research is needed to elucidate the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic options, which are beneficial in developing and identifying cost- effective treatment for pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49771074, 49381008)
文摘The relationship between the paleolithic-neolithic cultural transition and environmentalevolvement has been a focus of the paleoanthropologists, archeologists, and Quaternary geolo-gists in the world. The analysis result of the paleoanthropic living environment at Yujiagou site ofNihewan Basin in the north of China shows that the microlithic culture at the Yujiagou site occurredduring the opening centuries of the last deglaciation and developed markedly in the continuouswarm and dry climatic conditions from late period of last deglaciation to early postglacial. Moreover,it also shows that the neolithic culture at the Yujiagou site occurred in the early postglacial anddeveloped rapidly in a warm and humid climatic condition in the Holocene Megathermal. Climatevariation is an important factor leading to the paleolithic-neolithic cultural
