The Chinese Bamboo Partridge(Bambusicola thoracica) is a gamebird endemic to China.Ten polymorphic microsatellite(simple sequence repeat) markers were obtained through cross-species amplification for this partridge fr...The Chinese Bamboo Partridge(Bambusicola thoracica) is a gamebird endemic to China.Ten polymorphic microsatellite(simple sequence repeat) markers were obtained through cross-species amplification for this partridge from its relative species Gallus gallus.The number of alleles per locus varied from 4 to 13.The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.1220 to 1.0000 and the expected heterozygosity from 0.1183 to 0.8898.Four microsatellite loci showed significant differences from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.These polymorphic loci provide a valuable tool for the investigation of the phylogeography and conservation genetics of this partridge.展开更多
Microsatellite loci were isolated for Ceratosolen solmsi, pollinator of the dioecious Ficus hispida. We developed nine polymorphic microsatellite loci based on the method of polymerase chain reaction isolation of micr...Microsatellite loci were isolated for Ceratosolen solmsi, pollinator of the dioecious Ficus hispida. We developed nine polymorphic microsatellite loci based on the method of polymerase chain reaction isolation of microsatellite arrays (PIMA). Enrichment of genomic libraries was performed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). A subset of 38 positive clones was sequenced; 15 clones showed microsatellite loci. We tested 15 designed primer pairs and nine of them produced polymorphic amplification in 48 individual wasps collected from different fruits of the dioecious host fig Ficus hispida in China. Among the 48 individuals, 49 alleles were obtained at the nine loci. The observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.357 and 0.634.展开更多
We isolated and characterized 17 microsatellite DNA loci for the odorous frog Odorrana margaretae from its transcriptome sequence data. These loci were screened with 24 individuals from Mt. Emei. All loci were polymor...We isolated and characterized 17 microsatellite DNA loci for the odorous frog Odorrana margaretae from its transcriptome sequence data. These loci were screened with 24 individuals from Mt. Emei. All loci were polymorphic, with the number of alleles ranging from 2 to 8. The observed and expected heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, ranged from 0.04 to 1, 0.04 to 0.81, and 0.040 to 0.763, respectively. All loci were in linkage equilibrium and six loci were significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after sequential Bonferroni corrections. Cross- species amplification test was conducted for ten odorous frog species, and 12 loci were amplifiable in most species. With the high cross-species amplification rates, thesc markers will provide useful molecular tools for conservation genetic and phylogeographic studies on the genus Odorrana and Bamburana.展开更多
Thirty-five new microsatellite loci from the sea cucumbers Holothurian scabra (Jaeger, 1833) and Apostichopus japonicas (Selenka, 1867) were screened and characterized using the method of magnetic bead enrichment....Thirty-five new microsatellite loci from the sea cucumbers Holothurian scabra (Jaeger, 1833) and Apostichopus japonicas (Selenka, 1867) were screened and characterized using the method of magnetic bead enrichment. Of the twenty-four polymorphic loci tested, eighteen were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after a modified false discovery rate (B-Y FDR) correction, whereas six showed statistically significant deviations (CHS2 and CHSll: P〈0.014 790; FCS1, FCS6, FCS8 and FCS14:P〈0.015 377). Furthermore, four species ofplesiomorphous and related sea cucumbers (Holothurian scabra, Holothuria leucospilota, Stichopus horrens and Apostichopus japonicas) were tested for mutual cross-amplification using a total of ninety microsatellite loci. Although transferability and universality of all loci were generally low, the results of the cross-species study showed that the markers can be applied to identify individuals to species according to the presence or absence of specific microsatellite alleles. The microsatellite markers reported here will contribute to the study of genetic diversity, assisted breeding, and population conservation in sea cucumbers, as well as allow for the identification of individuals to closely related species,展开更多
Echinotriton chinhaiensis is a critically endangered salamander and its distribution is restricted to Ningbo, Zhejiang Province of China. In this study, we developed and characterized fifteen polymorphic microsatellit...Echinotriton chinhaiensis is a critically endangered salamander and its distribution is restricted to Ningbo, Zhejiang Province of China. In this study, we developed and characterized fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci for E. ehinhaiensis from dinucleotide- and tetranucleotide- enriched library. The number of alleles ranges from 4 to 12 with an average of 7.27 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities values were from 0.250 to 0.844 and 0.511 to 0.872 with an average value of 0.596 and 0.722; respectively. The polymorphic microsatellite loci described in this paper are useful in the further study on genetic diversity and gene flow, which would be helpful to formulate effective conservation strategies for the E. chinhaiensis.展开更多
The raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides experienced an active introduction and acclimatization in the European part of Russia followed by its migration to and colonization in the neighboring countries. Eventually, it...The raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides experienced an active introduction and acclimatization in the European part of Russia followed by its migration to and colonization in the neighboring countries. Eventually, it has spread rapidly into many European countries. N. procyonoides probably invaded Lithuania from the neighboring countries of Belarus and Latvia where the species was introduced. However, the data on genetic diversity and population structure of the raccoon dogs in the recently invaded territories are still scarce. The objectives of this study were to investigate genetic diversity of N. procyonoides in Lithuania after acclimatization, and to assess the impact of anthropogenic pressure on the formation of population structure. A total of 147 N. procyonoides individuals collected from different regions of Lithuania were genotyped using 17 microsatellite markers. The microsatellite analysis of raccoon dogs indicated high levels of genetic diversity within the population. The Bayesian clustering analysis in STRUCTURE identified 4 genetic clusters among sampled raccoon dogs that could not reveal a clear separation between subpopulations. The widespread distribution of raccoon dogs in Lithuania, high level of genetic variation observed within subpopulations, and low level of variation portioned among subpopulations suggest migration and gene flow among locations. The significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances indicated isolation that reflected the distance between locations. The fencing of highways and very intensive traffic could be barriers to gene flow between the western and eastern sampling areas of raccoon dogs.展开更多
Insular populations are particularly vulnerable to the effects of stochastic events, epidemics, and loss of genetic diversity due to inbreeding and genetic drift. The development of successful man- agement options wil...Insular populations are particularly vulnerable to the effects of stochastic events, epidemics, and loss of genetic diversity due to inbreeding and genetic drift. The development of successful man- agement options will require accurate baseline data, establishment of clear objectives, and finally monitoring and implementation of corrective measures, if and when required. This study assessed management options for the genetic rehabilitation of highly inbred woylies obtained from wildlife rehabilitation centers. The study generated genetic data for the woylie Bettongia penicillata from a conservation reserve and calculated measures of genetic diversity and individual relatedness. These data were fed into a population viability analysis (PVA) to test genetic outcomes in relation to different management actions. We demonstrated that a careful selection of the founder cohort produced a population with an expected heterozygosity of -70% for a window of approximately 10 years. A proposal to increase the size of the reserve available to the colony was shown to almost double the time at which the colony would retain heterozygosity levels of≥70%. Additionally, developing a regular program of supplementation of unrelated woylies would result in a further improvement in their genetic value. This study demonstrated how the application of molecular techniques in combination with PVA can be beneficial for the management of rehabilitated wildlife otherwise considered of little conservation value. This approach can be applied to the management of breeding programs, but also to small, closed populations such as those found on islands, fenced enclosures, insurance populations, and in zoological collections.展开更多
The Heaviside’s(or Benguela)dolphin(Cephalorhynchus heavisidii)is endemic to the west coast of southern Africa.The present study investigated the population genetic structure across a large portion of the species dis...The Heaviside’s(or Benguela)dolphin(Cephalorhynchus heavisidii)is endemic to the west coast of southern Africa.The present study investigated the population genetic structure across a large portion of the species distribution using mitochondrial control region and nuclear(microsatellite)markers.A total of 395 biopsy skin samples were analyzed;they were collected from free-ranging Heaviside’s dolphins in 7 locations along 1650 km of coast between Table Bay,South Africa and Walvis Bay,Namibia.Both genetic markers rejected the hypothesis of 1 homogenous population but revealed contrasting results in the genetic structuring of putative populations.Mitochondrial DNA suggested either 2 populations or a fine-scale division with 6(sub)populations,while microsatellite markers were indicative of 2 widespread populations with measurable gene flow between them.Neutrality tests and mismatch distribution of the mitochondrial sequences indicated a departure from mutation-drift equilibrium due to a population expansion at the 2 extremes of the geographic range,but not towards the middle of the distribution.These results highlight the importance of evaluating multiple genetic markers to gain reliable insights into population processes and structure.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30760036,30960051)Young Scientists (Jinggang Star) Training Scheme of Jiangxi ProvinceNatural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (2009GZN0075)
文摘The Chinese Bamboo Partridge(Bambusicola thoracica) is a gamebird endemic to China.Ten polymorphic microsatellite(simple sequence repeat) markers were obtained through cross-species amplification for this partridge from its relative species Gallus gallus.The number of alleles per locus varied from 4 to 13.The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.1220 to 1.0000 and the expected heterozygosity from 0.1183 to 0.8898.Four microsatellite loci showed significant differences from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.These polymorphic loci provide a valuable tool for the investigation of the phylogeography and conservation genetics of this partridge.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 30330090, 30570970), partially by National Science Fund for Fostering Talents in Basic Research (NSFC-J0030092). We thank Dr. Z.J. Liu and Y.L. Hao, for their technical advice. Special thanks is due to Dr. W. Xin, TransGen Biotech Company (Beijing) for providing high-quality reagent products.
文摘Microsatellite loci were isolated for Ceratosolen solmsi, pollinator of the dioecious Ficus hispida. We developed nine polymorphic microsatellite loci based on the method of polymerase chain reaction isolation of microsatellite arrays (PIMA). Enrichment of genomic libraries was performed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). A subset of 38 positive clones was sequenced; 15 clones showed microsatellite loci. We tested 15 designed primer pairs and nine of them produced polymorphic amplification in 48 individual wasps collected from different fruits of the dioecious host fig Ficus hispida in China. Among the 48 individuals, 49 alleles were obtained at the nine loci. The observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.357 and 0.634.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31172061)
文摘We isolated and characterized 17 microsatellite DNA loci for the odorous frog Odorrana margaretae from its transcriptome sequence data. These loci were screened with 24 individuals from Mt. Emei. All loci were polymorphic, with the number of alleles ranging from 2 to 8. The observed and expected heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, ranged from 0.04 to 1, 0.04 to 0.81, and 0.040 to 0.763, respectively. All loci were in linkage equilibrium and six loci were significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after sequential Bonferroni corrections. Cross- species amplification test was conducted for ten odorous frog species, and 12 loci were amplifiable in most species. With the high cross-species amplification rates, thesc markers will provide useful molecular tools for conservation genetic and phylogeographic studies on the genus Odorrana and Bamburana.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Nos.2014J01133,2017J01638)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31272668)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University and the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Jimei University,China(No.2010A004)
文摘Thirty-five new microsatellite loci from the sea cucumbers Holothurian scabra (Jaeger, 1833) and Apostichopus japonicas (Selenka, 1867) were screened and characterized using the method of magnetic bead enrichment. Of the twenty-four polymorphic loci tested, eighteen were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after a modified false discovery rate (B-Y FDR) correction, whereas six showed statistically significant deviations (CHS2 and CHSll: P〈0.014 790; FCS1, FCS6, FCS8 and FCS14:P〈0.015 377). Furthermore, four species ofplesiomorphous and related sea cucumbers (Holothurian scabra, Holothuria leucospilota, Stichopus horrens and Apostichopus japonicas) were tested for mutual cross-amplification using a total of ninety microsatellite loci. Although transferability and universality of all loci were generally low, the results of the cross-species study showed that the markers can be applied to identify individuals to species according to the presence or absence of specific microsatellite alleles. The microsatellite markers reported here will contribute to the study of genetic diversity, assisted breeding, and population conservation in sea cucumbers, as well as allow for the identification of individuals to closely related species,
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30770316)
文摘Echinotriton chinhaiensis is a critically endangered salamander and its distribution is restricted to Ningbo, Zhejiang Province of China. In this study, we developed and characterized fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci for E. ehinhaiensis from dinucleotide- and tetranucleotide- enriched library. The number of alleles ranges from 4 to 12 with an average of 7.27 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities values were from 0.250 to 0.844 and 0.511 to 0.872 with an average value of 0.596 and 0.722; respectively. The polymorphic microsatellite loci described in this paper are useful in the further study on genetic diversity and gene flow, which would be helpful to formulate effective conservation strategies for the E. chinhaiensis.
文摘The raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides experienced an active introduction and acclimatization in the European part of Russia followed by its migration to and colonization in the neighboring countries. Eventually, it has spread rapidly into many European countries. N. procyonoides probably invaded Lithuania from the neighboring countries of Belarus and Latvia where the species was introduced. However, the data on genetic diversity and population structure of the raccoon dogs in the recently invaded territories are still scarce. The objectives of this study were to investigate genetic diversity of N. procyonoides in Lithuania after acclimatization, and to assess the impact of anthropogenic pressure on the formation of population structure. A total of 147 N. procyonoides individuals collected from different regions of Lithuania were genotyped using 17 microsatellite markers. The microsatellite analysis of raccoon dogs indicated high levels of genetic diversity within the population. The Bayesian clustering analysis in STRUCTURE identified 4 genetic clusters among sampled raccoon dogs that could not reveal a clear separation between subpopulations. The widespread distribution of raccoon dogs in Lithuania, high level of genetic variation observed within subpopulations, and low level of variation portioned among subpopulations suggest migration and gene flow among locations. The significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances indicated isolation that reflected the distance between locations. The fencing of highways and very intensive traffic could be barriers to gene flow between the western and eastern sampling areas of raccoon dogs.
文摘Insular populations are particularly vulnerable to the effects of stochastic events, epidemics, and loss of genetic diversity due to inbreeding and genetic drift. The development of successful man- agement options will require accurate baseline data, establishment of clear objectives, and finally monitoring and implementation of corrective measures, if and when required. This study assessed management options for the genetic rehabilitation of highly inbred woylies obtained from wildlife rehabilitation centers. The study generated genetic data for the woylie Bettongia penicillata from a conservation reserve and calculated measures of genetic diversity and individual relatedness. These data were fed into a population viability analysis (PVA) to test genetic outcomes in relation to different management actions. We demonstrated that a careful selection of the founder cohort produced a population with an expected heterozygosity of -70% for a window of approximately 10 years. A proposal to increase the size of the reserve available to the colony was shown to almost double the time at which the colony would retain heterozygosity levels of≥70%. Additionally, developing a regular program of supplementation of unrelated woylies would result in a further improvement in their genetic value. This study demonstrated how the application of molecular techniques in combination with PVA can be beneficial for the management of rehabilitated wildlife otherwise considered of little conservation value. This approach can be applied to the management of breeding programs, but also to small, closed populations such as those found on islands, fenced enclosures, insurance populations, and in zoological collections.
基金SANBI to conduct research on Heaviside’s dolphins(001/2011)the work was conducted under permits from the Department of Environmental Affairs(RES2009/06,RES2010/24,RES2011/70 and RES2012/67)Samples from Namibia were exported under permit from the Ministry of Environment and Tourism(78438,120586 and 138004)。
文摘The Heaviside’s(or Benguela)dolphin(Cephalorhynchus heavisidii)is endemic to the west coast of southern Africa.The present study investigated the population genetic structure across a large portion of the species distribution using mitochondrial control region and nuclear(microsatellite)markers.A total of 395 biopsy skin samples were analyzed;they were collected from free-ranging Heaviside’s dolphins in 7 locations along 1650 km of coast between Table Bay,South Africa and Walvis Bay,Namibia.Both genetic markers rejected the hypothesis of 1 homogenous population but revealed contrasting results in the genetic structuring of putative populations.Mitochondrial DNA suggested either 2 populations or a fine-scale division with 6(sub)populations,while microsatellite markers were indicative of 2 widespread populations with measurable gene flow between them.Neutrality tests and mismatch distribution of the mitochondrial sequences indicated a departure from mutation-drift equilibrium due to a population expansion at the 2 extremes of the geographic range,but not towards the middle of the distribution.These results highlight the importance of evaluating multiple genetic markers to gain reliable insights into population processes and structure.