Prediction model of microwave calcining of ammonium diuranate using incremental improved back-propagation neural network

The incremental improved Back-Propagation （BP） neural network prediction model using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm based on optimizing theory is put forward, which can solve the problems existing in the process of calcinations for ammonium diuranate （ADU） by microwave heating, such as long testing cycle, high testing quan- tity, difficulty of optimization for process parameters. Many training data probably were offered by the way of increment batch and the limitation of the system mem- ory could make the training data infeasible when the sample scale was large. The prediction model of the nonlinear system is built, which can effectively predict the experiment of microwave calcining of ADU, and the incremental improved BP neural network is very useful in overeoining the local minimum problem, finding the global optimal solution and accelerating the convergence speed.

A study on the catalytic performance of Pd/γ-Al_(2)O_(3),prepared by microwave calcination,in the direct synthesis of dimethylether

A series of Pd/γ-Al_(2)O_(3) hybrid catalysts were prepared by impregnation and subsequent calcination under microwave irradiation.The catalysts were used for direct synthesis of dimethylether(DME)from syngas.The results show that calcination under microwave irradiation improved both the activity and selectivity of the catalysts for DME synthesis.The optimum power of the microwave was determined to be 420 W.Under such optimum conditions,CO conversion,DME selectivity and time space yield of DME were 60.1%,67.0%,and 21.5 mmol$mL-1$h^(-1),respectively.Based on various characterizations such as nitrogen physisorption,X-ray diffraction,COtemperature-programmed desorption,and Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis,the promotional effect of the microwave irradiation on the catalytic property was mainly attributed to both the higher dispersion of Pd and the significant increase in the adsorption on the CO-bridge of Pd.Microwave irradiation with very high power led to the increase in CO-bridge adsorption and thereby decreased the catalytic activity,whereas the coverage by metallic Pd of the active sites on acidicγ-Al_(2)O_(3) significantly occurred under microwave irradiation with very low power,resulting in a decrease in the selectivity to DME.