High-temperature electromagnetic(EM) protection materials integrated of multiple EM protection mechanisms and functions are regarded as desirable candidates for solving EM interference over a wide temperature range.In...High-temperature electromagnetic(EM) protection materials integrated of multiple EM protection mechanisms and functions are regarded as desirable candidates for solving EM interference over a wide temperature range.In this work,a novel microwave modulator is fabricated by introducing carbonyl iron particles(CIP)/resin into channels of carbonized wood(C-wood).Innovatively,the spaced arrangement of two microwave absorbents not only achieves a synergistic enhancement of magnetic and dielectric losses,but also breaks the translational invariance of EM characteristics in the horizontal direction to obtain multiple phase discontinuities in the frequency range of 8.2-18.0 GHz achieving modulation of reflected wave radiation direction.Accordingly,CIP/C-wood microwave modulator demonstrates the maximum effective bandwidth of 5.2 GHz and the maximum EM protection efficiency over 97% with a thickness of only 1.5 mm in the temperature range 298-673 K.Besides,CIP/C-wood microwave modulator shows stable and low thermal conductivities,as well as monotonic electrical conductivity-temperature characteristics,therefore it can also achieve thermal infrared stealth and working temperature monitoring in wide temperature ranges.This work provides an inspiration for the design of high-temperature EM protection materials with multiple EM protection mechanisms and functions.展开更多
Pulse modulation provides a new way to tailor the electron density, electron energy and gas temperature in atmospheric radio-frequency(rf) discharges. In this paper, by increasing the rf frequency to several hundred...Pulse modulation provides a new way to tailor the electron density, electron energy and gas temperature in atmospheric radio-frequency(rf) discharges. In this paper, by increasing the rf frequency to several hundreds of MHz, or even much higher to the range of GHz, a very strong peak current in the first period(PCFP) with much larger electron energy can be formed during the power-on phase, which is not observed in the common pulse modulation discharges at a rf frequency of 13.56 MHz. The PIC-MCC model is explored to unveil the generation mechanism of PCFP, and based on the simulation data a larger voltage increasing rate over a quarter of a period and the distribution of electron density just before the power-on phase are believed to play key roles; the PCFP is usually produced in the microplasma regime driven by the pulsed power supply. The effects of duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency on the evolution of PCFP are also discussed from the computational data. Therefore, the duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency can be used to optimize the generation of PCFP and high-energy electrons.展开更多
基金Supported by Program for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071053,U1704253)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT20GF111)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M670748,2020M680946).
文摘High-temperature electromagnetic(EM) protection materials integrated of multiple EM protection mechanisms and functions are regarded as desirable candidates for solving EM interference over a wide temperature range.In this work,a novel microwave modulator is fabricated by introducing carbonyl iron particles(CIP)/resin into channels of carbonized wood(C-wood).Innovatively,the spaced arrangement of two microwave absorbents not only achieves a synergistic enhancement of magnetic and dielectric losses,but also breaks the translational invariance of EM characteristics in the horizontal direction to obtain multiple phase discontinuities in the frequency range of 8.2-18.0 GHz achieving modulation of reflected wave radiation direction.Accordingly,CIP/C-wood microwave modulator demonstrates the maximum effective bandwidth of 5.2 GHz and the maximum EM protection efficiency over 97% with a thickness of only 1.5 mm in the temperature range 298-673 K.Besides,CIP/C-wood microwave modulator shows stable and low thermal conductivities,as well as monotonic electrical conductivity-temperature characteristics,therefore it can also achieve thermal infrared stealth and working temperature monitoring in wide temperature ranges.This work provides an inspiration for the design of high-temperature EM protection materials with multiple EM protection mechanisms and functions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11375107 and 11675095)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(Grant No.2015JC050)
文摘Pulse modulation provides a new way to tailor the electron density, electron energy and gas temperature in atmospheric radio-frequency(rf) discharges. In this paper, by increasing the rf frequency to several hundreds of MHz, or even much higher to the range of GHz, a very strong peak current in the first period(PCFP) with much larger electron energy can be formed during the power-on phase, which is not observed in the common pulse modulation discharges at a rf frequency of 13.56 MHz. The PIC-MCC model is explored to unveil the generation mechanism of PCFP, and based on the simulation data a larger voltage increasing rate over a quarter of a period and the distribution of electron density just before the power-on phase are believed to play key roles; the PCFP is usually produced in the microplasma regime driven by the pulsed power supply. The effects of duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency on the evolution of PCFP are also discussed from the computational data. Therefore, the duty cycle and pulse modulation frequency can be used to optimize the generation of PCFP and high-energy electrons.