Microwave-accelerated direct regeneration of LiCoO_(2)cathodes for Li-ion batteries

Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries is integral to today's low-carbon environmental protection efforts.The concept of direct regeneration,acknowledged for its environmental sustainability,economic viability,and consistent performance of recycled materials,is gaining prominence.This study presents an efficient and nondestructive approach by utilizing an ultrafast microwave technology to directly regenerate spent lithium cobaltate(LCO)cathode materials.In contrast to conventional furnacebased processes,this method significantly reduces the regeneration timeframe.By subjecting the spent LCO mixed with lithium sources to three microwave heating cycles(at approximately 1,350 K),LCO regeneration is achieved,yielding a specific capacity of 140.8 mAh g^(-1)(0.2 C)with a robust cycle stability.With further environmental and economic benefits,the ultrafast microwave technology holds scientific promise for directly regenerating cathode materials,while establishing competitiveness for industrial applications.

Quinacrine pretreatment reduces microwave-induced neuronal damage by stabilizing the cell membrane

Quinacrine, widely used to treat parasitic diseases, binds to cell membranes. We previously found that quinacrine pretreatment reduced microwave radiation damage in rat hippocampal neurons, but the molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Considering the thermal effects of microwave radiation and the protective effects of quinacrine on heat damage in cells, we hypothesized that quinacrine would prevent microwave radiation damage to cells in a mechanism associated with cell membrane stability. To test this, we used retinoic acid to induce PC12 cells to differentiate into neuron-like cells. We then pretreated the neurons with quinacrine （20 and 40 mM） and irradiated them with 50 mW/cm^2 microwaves for 3 or 6 hours. Flow cytometry, atomic force microscopy and western blot assays revealed that irradiated cells pretreated with quinacrine showed markedly less apoptosis, necrosis, and membrane damage, and greater expression of heat shock protein 70, than cells exposed to microwave irradiation alone. These results suggest that quinacrine stabilizes the neuronal membrane structure by upregulating the expression of heat shock protein 70, thus reducing neuronal injury caused by microwave radiation.

微波-水蒸气法再生载亚甲基蓝废活性炭研究

基于微波的加热特性和活性炭的吸波性,探索出可行、有效的活性炭再生方法,能增加失效活性炭的重复使用率,节约废水处置经济成本。文章采用微波联合水蒸气法进行再生实验,以亚甲基蓝吸附值作为指标评估再生效果,设立单因素实验和三因素三水平正交实验,研究微波功率、微波时间以及蒸气流量对生物炭再生的影响规律,并对原炭、废炭和再生后活性炭开展X射线衍射表征。结果表明:微波功率对再生效果影响最大,且微波功率和蒸气流量越大,再生效果越好,但微波时间不宜过长,在微波功率为800 W、微波时间为15 min和蒸气流量为5 mL/min条件下,再生活性炭的再生率约为75%;微波加热可使吸附质热解,并且水蒸气可清理炭孔,使活性炭恢复到原有的吸附活性,再生活性炭的效果较好,且成本低,可应用到实际工程中。

硅氧共掺DLC薄膜的制备及阻隔性能研究

目的研究硅(Si)、氧(O)元素掺杂对类金刚石(Diamond like Carbon,DLC)薄膜沉积、结构、表面形貌以及阻隔性能的影响,为高效制备高阻隔硅氧共掺类金刚石(Si and O Incorporated DLC,Si/O-DLC)薄膜提供新的思路参考。方法利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition,PECVD)技术在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene terephthalate,PET)基底表面沉积Si/O-DLC薄膜,具体研究反应单体中六甲基二硅氧烷(Hexaethyldisiloxane,HMDSO)含量对薄膜沉积和阻隔性能的影响。通过台阶仪、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)表征薄膜厚度、结构和微观形貌,并通过测试氧气透过率表征复合薄膜的阻隔性能。结果随着混合气体中HMDSO含量增加,薄膜的沉积速率提高,不同高度位置上沉积速率波动变弱,平均沉积速率最高达到310 nm·min^(–1),同时,薄膜中Si、O元素含量增加,相关的键合结构含量增加,薄膜表面致密性变差,氧气阻隔性能变弱;当HMDSO流量控制在1 mL·min^(–1)时,PET薄膜的氧气透过率可从未涂覆时的132mL·m^(2)·d^(–1)降低至2mL·m^(2)·d^(-1),阻隔性能明显改善。结论在一定工艺条件下,通过微波PECVD技术在PET薄膜表面涂覆Si/O-DLC薄膜,可明显改善其阻隔性能。

A theragenerative bio-nanocomposite consisting of black phosphorus quantum dots for bone cancer therapy and regeneration

Recently,the term theragenerative has been proposed for biomaterials capable of inducing therapeutic approaches followed by repairing/regenerating the tissue/organ.This study is focused on the design of a new theragenerative nanocomposite composed of an amphiphilic non-ionic surfactant(Pluronic F127),bioactive glass(BG),and black phosphorus(BP).The nanocomposite was prepared through a two-step synthetic strategy,including a microwave treatment that turned BP nanosheets(BPNS)into quantum dots(BPQDs)with 5±2 nm dimensions in situ.The effects of surfactant and microwave treatment were assessed in vitro:the surfactant distributes the ions homogenously throughout the composite and the microwave treatment chemically stabilizes the composite.The presence of BP enhanced bioactivity and promoted calcium phosphate formation in simulated body fluid.The inherent anticancer activity of BP-containing nanocomposites was tested against osteosarcoma cells in vitro,finding that 150μg mL^(-1)was the lowest concentration which prevented the proliferation of SAOS-2 cells,while the counterpart without BP did not affect the cell growth rate.Moreover,the apoptosis pathways were evaluated and a mechanism of action was proposed.NIR irradiation was applied to induce further proliferation suppression on SAOS-2 cells through hyperthermia.The inhibitory effects of bare BP nanomaterials and nanocomposites on the migration and invasion of bone cancer,breast cancer,and prostate cancer cells were assessed in vitro to determine the anticancer potential of nanomaterials against primary and secondary bone cancers.The regenerative behavior of the nanocomposites was tested with healthy osteoblasts and human mesenchymal stem cells;the BPQDs-incorporated nanocomposite significantly promoted the proliferation of osteoblast cells and induced the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.This study introduces a new multifunctional theragenerative platform with promising potential for simultaneous bone cancer therapy and regeneration.

Design of tightly linked dual ring antenna and imaging of magnetic field distribution using a diamond fiber probe

A tightly linked dual ring antenna is designed,and it is specifically tailored for uniformly coupling the microwave magnetic field to the nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center.The designed antenna operates at a center frequency of about 2.87 GHz,with a bandwidth of around 200 MHz,allowing it to address multiple resonance peaks in the optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR)spectrum in an external magnetic field.Moreover,the antenna generates a fairly uniform magnetic field in a range with a radius of 0.75 mm.High resolution imaging of the magnetic field distribution on the surface of the antenna is conducted by using a fiber diamond probe.We also investigate the effect of magnetic field uniformity on the linewidth of ODMR,so as to provide insights into reducing the inhomogeneous broadening of ODMR.

废旧活性炭微波再生的研究进展

对废旧活性炭进行再生处理,不仅能够降低环境污染风险,又能实现资源回收利用,降低活性炭使用成本。活性炭微波再生具有升温快、受热均匀和高效节能等优点,具备解决常规活性炭再生技术发展难题的潜力。在介绍活性炭再生技术的基础上重点介绍了活性炭微波再生技术的原理和特点,并论述了微波再生条件(微波功率、辐照时间和再生氛围)、吸附质性质以及活性炭自身特性对活性炭微波再生效果的影响,最后对未来废旧活性炭微波再生技术的研究方向和前景进行了展望。

高速混床树脂再生动态监测方法在600MW机组中的应用

介绍了精处理高速混床树脂再生动态监测方法在600 MW机组精处理再生中的应用情况。通过分别改变进酸碱的时间、浓度、流量3个再生参数不同水平的条件下,动态监测其再生洗脱液中各种杂质离子含量的变化趋势,采用正交实验及曲线拟合的方法,总结出某600 MW机组电厂精处理树脂再生时的最优再生参数条件。在最优再生参数条件下,阳树脂的再生度达到99%以上、阴树脂的再生度达到98%以上。实验表明,高速混床树脂再生动态监测方法可以在600 MW机组精处理系统中得到成功应用。

Widely tunable microwave photonic filter based on self-adaptive optical carrier regeneration

In this paper, we have designed and proofed a widely tunable microwave photonic filter (MPF) on the basis of self-adaptive optical carrier regeneration method through stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) amplification. The MPF system features with a single microwave passband as the result of the processed signal sideband beating with the regenerated optical carrier. Since the Brillouin-laser optical carrier and the SBS amplification are generated from one laser source, the optical carrier regeneration process of the proposed MPF is self- adaptive and carrier-frequency independent. Moreover, by simply varying the wavelength spacing between the optical carrier and the optical filter, the central passband of the MPF can be continuously tuned from 6 to 32 GHz, which is limited by the bandwidth of the modulator and the photodetector. The 3 dB bandwidth and the out-of-band suppression ratio of the MPF can reach 640 MHz and 21 dB, respectively.

吸波材料对就地热再生混合料的性能影响研究

为提高就地热再生微波加热效率,解决传统沥青混合料吸波能力弱问题,选择多种吸波材料代替矿粉,通过微波加热试验,研究吸波材料对集料、沥青混合料的吸波升温性能以及沥青混合料的使用性能、耐久性能的影响。结果表明:吸波材料可明显提高集料和沥青混合料的吸波性能。随着吸波材料掺量的增加,石灰岩AC-13与玄武岩SMA-13沥青混合料的温升变化趋势不同。吸波材料对沥青混合料水稳定性能影响甚微,其能够提升沥青混合料的低温抗变形能力。

微波辐照再生载甲苯活性炭

本文提出了一种运用微波辐照再生吸附有甲苯废气活性炭的新再生方法。通过正交试验 ,探讨了活性炭在微波辐照条件下脱附率与活性炭量、微波功率、载气线速度及再生时间等因素的关系 ;得出了再生的优化条件 ;测定了解吸速率曲线 ;对影响活性炭损耗的各因素进行了分析 ;并对再生后甲苯的冷凝回收法进行了探索。

活性炭吸附苯酚及其微波辐照再生效果

考察预处理后颗粒活性炭(GAC)对苯酚的吸附行为,探讨微波辐照再生吸附苯酚活性炭的机理,确定GAC达到吸附平衡的时间及吸附过程符合的等温吸附模型.实验结果表明:3 h后GAC吸附基本达到平衡,吸附过程符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,最大平衡吸附量为143.7 mg/g.对吸附饱和苯酚GAC进行微波辐照再生研究,实验结果表明:最佳的再生条件为微波功率520 W,再生时间15 min,GAC用量为6 g,此时GAC再生效率为86.5%.

活性炭的微波辐照再生试验

微波辐照再生活性炭是一种很有应用价值的方法。本文观测了微波辐照条件下新炭碘值的变化，着重研究吸附了十二烷基苯磺酸钠的废炭的微波再生条件。通过正交试验，探讨了活性炭再生率与微波功率、微波辐照时间、活性炭的吸附量等因素的关系。

微波辐照再生载苯酚活性炭的实验研究

在无载气、无预处理条件下,将载苯酚的饱和活性炭放入微波炉中再生.通过改变微波辐照功率、辐照时间、能量密度、活性炭处理量和活性炭再生次数,研究微波再生活性炭的效果及影响因素.结果表明,活性炭再生率随微波辐照功率、辐照时间和能量密度的增加而逐渐提高,且高微波辐照功率更有利于活性炭再生和能量利用.10g饱和活性炭在700W微波辐照功率下再生5min,再生率为74%,而在300W微波辐照功率下再生45min,再生率可达96%;此外,活性炭再生量越大,能量利用率也越高.研究还表明,微波辐照能实现活性炭的反复多次再生,再生炭的吸附性能可部分或完全恢复.微波再生载苯酚活性炭过程中,部分苯酚随水分蒸发,大部分苯酚经高温裂解为CO2,少部分裂解为链状有机物或缩合为环状有机物.

柴油机排气微粒过滤器微波再生试验研究(1)

本文对目前国内外广泛采用的几种柴油机微粒过滤材料的微波特性进行了测量计算，并利用建立的柴油机微粒过滤及再生系统对过滤体的微波加热及再生特性进行了研究。结果表明，微波再生技术是比较成功的，它简单可靠，具有较广泛的应用价值。试验结果同时也表明，不同过滤材料的微波特性具有很大差异，需根据过滤材料的特性合理地设计再生系统及组织再生过程。

乙醇的活性炭吸附及微波解吸

微波辐照再生活性炭是一种很有应用前景的方法。本文测定了微波辐照条件下新炭碘值的变化 ,研究了吸附了乙醇的活性炭的微波再生条件。通过正交试验 ,探讨了活性炭再生率与微波功率、载气线速、微波辐照时间。

烟气脱硫活性炭微波再生特性的实验研究

研究了烟气脱硫活性炭的微波再生特性。通过扫描电镜、N2吸附、元素分析、Boehm滴定表征微波再生对活性炭孔隙结构和表面化学性质的影响,分析微波再生对活性炭吸附烟气中SO2的影响规律。结果表明,微波再生功率越高,SO2再生曲线越窄,峰值浓度越高,有利于载硫活性炭的解吸和高浓度再生气的获取。微波再生对活性炭起到了活化作用,使活性炭的孔结构变狭长。随着微波再生功率的提高,活性炭的微孔比表面积、微孔孔容增加,酸性官能团含量上升,碱性官能团含量下降。100W再生后,活性炭再生不完全,残留的H2SO4影响了活性炭的吸附,活性炭的SO2吸附性能下降。200、300、400W工况下,活性炭的SO2吸附容量均得到提高,且随着再生功率的提高,活性炭的碱性官能团含量上升,微孔比表面积、微孔孔容增加,SO2吸附性能逐渐增强。

微波辐照载甲苯活性炭再生研究

研究在微波辐照条件下,活性炭量、微波功率、载气量、加热时间等因素对载甲苯活性炭脱附的影响,在正交实验中,各个影响因素的重要性排序为:氮气流量、活性炭量、辐照时间、微波功率,最佳的操作工况为:活性炭量9 g、载气流量300 mL/m in、辐照时间120 s、微波功率500 W,活性炭的脱附率在99.74%。

微波辐照法再生载硫活性炭的研究

用活性炭对低浓度SO2 气体进行物理吸附 ,饱和后用微波辐照解吸。结果显示 ,载硫活性炭在微波场中升温很快 ,2 10s能达到温度最大值 ;吸附在活性炭上的SO2 气体在 5 70s以后基本解吸完全 ;解吸产物SO2 气体的体积分数最高可达 2 5 %以上 ;微波功率和载气量对再生后活性炭的质量损耗影响较大 ,在微波功率为 30 0W和载气量为 0 .0 6m3 /h条件下 ,活性炭的质量损耗约为 6 .2 1%。

活性炭吸附处理锂电池厂含酯废水及微波再生实验

采用活性炭吸附的方法对锂电池产生的含酯废水进行预处理,研究了吸附时间、初始pH值和活性炭投加量对废水COD去除的影响.吸附饱和后的活性炭用微波进行再生,考察了辐照时间、微波功率及再生次数对活性炭再生效果的影响.结果表明,当活性炭投加量为10g/L时,吸附60min,含酯废水的COD去除率为69.5%,可生化性从原水的0.05提高到0.25.当微波功率为420W、辐照时间为6min时,活性炭可被有效地再生,再生效率高达98.0%,活性炭损失率约为5.2%.再生前后活性炭的红外光谱图表明,活性炭表面官能团发生了变化,促进活性炭对污染物质的吸附.