The Statistical Significance Test of Regional Climate Change Caused by Land Use and Land Cover Variation in West China

The West Development Policy being implemented in China is causing significant land use and land cover （LULC） changes in West China. With the up-to-date satellite database of the Global Land Cover Characteristics Database （GLCCD） that characterizes the lower boundary conditions, the regional climate model RIEMS-TEA is used to simulate possible impacts of the significant LULC variation. The model was run for five continuous three-month periods from 1 June to 1 September of 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, and 1997, and the results of the five groups are examined by means of a student t-test to identify the statistical significance of regional climate variation. The main results are： （1） The regional climate is affected by the LULC variation because the equilibrium of water and heat transfer in the air-vegetation interface is changed. （2） The integrated impact of the LULC variation on regional climate is not only limited to West China where the LULC varies, but also to some areas in the model domain where the LULC does not vary at all. （3） The East Asian monsoon system and its vertical structure are adjusted by the large scale LULC variation in western China, where the consequences are the enhancement of the westward water vapor transfer from the east oast and the relevant increase of wet-hydrostatic energy in the middle-upper atmospheric layers. （4） The ecological engineering in West China affects significantly the regional climate in Northwest China, North China and the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River; there are obvious effects in South, Northeast, and Southwest China, but minor effects in Tibet.

Controlling Factors of Organic Nanopore Development: A Case Study on Marine Shale in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region, South China

The Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Longmaxi and the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi shales are the major targets for shale gas exploration and development in China.Although the two organic-rich shales share similar distribution ranges and thicknesses,they exhibit substantially different exploration and development results.This work analyzed the nanopore structures of the shale reservoirs in this region.Pore development of 51 shale samples collected from various formations and locations was compared using the petromineralogical,geochemical,structural geological and reservoir geological methods.The results indicate that the reservoir space in these shales is dominated by organic pores and the total pore volume of micropores,mesopores,macropores in different tectonic areas and formations show different trends with the increase of TOC.It is suggested that organic pores of shale can be well preserved in areas with simple structure and suitable preservation conditions,and the shale with smaller maximum ancient burial depth and later hydrocarbongeneration-end-time is also more conducive to pore preservation.Organic pore evolution models are established,and they are as follows:①Organic matter pore development stage,②Early stage of organic matter pore destruction,and③late stage of organic matter pore destruction.The areas conducive to pore development are favorable for shale gas development.Research results can effectively guide the optimization and evaluation of favorable areas of shale gas.

Sandy desertification trend in western Northeast China Plain in the past 10 years

The west sandy land of the Northeast China Plain is located in the eastern huge sandy belt of mid-latitude in Eurasia and the eastern fringe of desertified land with best bio-climatic conditions in China. With rapid economic development, the deterioration of eco-environment has occurred and the desertification becomes very obvious. The first part of this paper studies the regional differences of landscape patterns and explores the regional differences of desertification. The second part aims to reveal the dynamics of desertification in the 1990s by using NOAA/AVHRR data and thematic data in GIS database. This work lays a scientific basis for the rehabilitation and development of the sandy lands.

Interpretation of the west segment of the coastal fault zone in the coastal region of South China based on the gravity data

By systemic processing, comprehensive analysis, and interpretation of gravity data, we confirmed the existence of the west segment of the coastal fault zone(west of Yangjiang to Beibu Bay) in the coastal region of South China. This showed an apparent high gravity gradient in the NEE direction, and worse linearity and less compactness than that in the Pearl River month. This also revealed a relatively large curvature and a complicated gravity structure. In the finding images processed by the gravity data system, each fault was well reflected and primarily characterized by isolines or thick black stripes with a cutting depth greater than 30 km. Though mutually cut by NW-trending and NE-trending faults, the apparent NEE stripe-shaped structure of the west segment of the coastal fault zone remained unchanged,with good continuity and an activity strength higher than that of NW and NE-trending faults. Moreover,we determined that the west segment of the coastal fault zone is the major seismogenic structure responsible for strong earthquakes in the coastal region in the border area of Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan.

AN APPROACH ON THE INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE AND INDUSTRIAL LOCATION IN WEST CHINA

The Paper gives a general review of the industrial development process in West China. discusses the basic characteristics and problems of the region's industrial structure and location in terms of industrial branch composition, industrial distribution, linkages between state-owned enterprises and local industrial enterprises, and comparisons of West China with coastal zone of East China. Suggestions are given for future development.

Comparative Research on the Economic Development of Xinjiang i n the Perspective of Development of the West Regions

In the context of Development of the West Regions, by using the annual data from 1999 to 2009 in whole China and 12 provinces of the western regions, we analyze the achievements of socio-economic development of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 1999 to 2009 as follows: the economic aggregate has increased prominently and the growth rate is increasing ceaselessly; the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry develop evenly, and the industrial structure is incessantly optimized; the quality of economic growth is promoted increasingly and the living standard of people is improved greatly; the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry stride in tandem, and the momentum of growth is strong. We conduct horizontal comparison on the main economic indicators of Xinjiang, 12 provinces of the western regions and whole China, which include GDP and its growth rate, investment of fixed assets, structure of the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry, the industrial added value, GDP per capita, gross retail sales of social consumption, export and import trade, net income per capita of peasants and herdsmen, and general budget revenue. The result shows that although the implementation of the strategy of Development of the West Regions and the economic development of Xinjiang have achieved some remarkable results, there is a conspicuous gap in comparison with the expected effect. The problems existing in the operation of Xinjiang's economy are analyzed as follows: the industrial level is low, and the economic growth mode is yet to be transformed; the disposable income per capita of urban residents grows slowly, and the increasing gap between the urban areas and rural areas has no trend of dwindling; the investment aggregate is very low, and the momentum of economic growth is short. In order to make the central government and 19 provinces and cities offer pointed aid for Xinjiang, promote the implementation of new strategic development of Western China, and promote the better economic development of Xinjiang in the period of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, we put forward some feasible suggestions as follows: Xinjiang should grasp favorable opportunities and quicken the pace of industrial structural adjustment; continue to open up to the outside world unswervingly, and improve investment environment ceaselessly; strive to maintain the continuous and rapid development of economy, and improve the living standard of people.

“印太战略”框架下澳越关系的发展及影响

在“印太战略”框架下,近年来澳越两国关系不断升级,双方合作全面推进,两国尤其强化了在防务安全领域的合作和南海问题上的战略协调。澳大利亚希望借助与越南关系的升级提升地区影响力和彰显中等强国地位;越南则希望在南海问题上获得澳大利亚的支持。澳越关系的深化对南海局势及亚太地区秩序的稳定都将产生一定的影响。在推进两国合作制衡中国的战略盘算和应对所谓“中国威胁”的共识下,澳越两国关系将会继续深化,尤其是海洋安全领域的合作将会是两国关系的主要内容。为了维护南海局势和地区秩序的稳定,中国和东盟国家要相向而行,尽力排除域外国家介入南海争端,构建中国和东盟国家共同主导的南海地区秩序。

2019年7月28日宁夏区域性暴雨天气过程成因分析

【目的】分析此次暴雨过程的产生机制,以期为今后宁夏暴雨的预报提供参考。【方法】利用ECMWF ERA5的逐时再分析资料,通过环流分析和物理量诊断方法,揭示2019年7月28日宁夏区域性暴雨的产生成因。【结果】此次降水过程是在东高西低环流背景下,西风气流中小股冷空气南下遇副高西伸北抬,形成锋区造成的。副高外围的暖湿气流带来充沛的水汽为此次过程提供所需水汽。700 hPa、850 hPa的切变线及中低层的锋区满足此次降水过程提供了动力抬升条件,并叠加了不稳定能量。【结论】宁夏北部地区以锋区降水为主,中南部地区暖区中有对流云发展,配合锋面抬升,造成对流云叠加,降水强度增大。

金融科技对区域发展的影响——基于西北地区现状

长期以来,我国一直面临着区域发展不平衡的挑战,这一现象抑制了我国经济的良性循环,主要原因在于东部地区和西部地区之间的发展差距,涵盖了资源利用和经济活力等方面。新时代“西部大开发”战略在一定程度上改善了我国区域发展不平衡的局面,但区域间绝对差距依然在扩大。现有研究主要聚焦于东部地区,少有西部地区的相关研究及两个区域之间的差别等。据此,本文利用相关数据和文献资料,对比分析西北地区和东部地区山东、浙江、广东三省的人均GDP等面板数据,评估地区金融发展水平,挖掘潜在问题,并提出发展建议。文章旨在探讨如何通过金融科技手段解决我国区域发展不平衡,进而助力我国金融科技体系的完善,逐步缓解我国发达地区的发展压力,同时促进经济可持续增长。

新发展格局下推进能源国际合作的历史演进、现实依据与路径选择

文章将打造中国主导的亚洲能源价值链、重塑全球能源价值链作为“十四五”及未来时期中国能源行业高水平对外开放的重要内容。为此,首先描述了改革开放40多年中国能源国际合作的历史演进过程;其次从经济增长效应、科技创新效应和价值链攀升效应三个方面评价了改革开放以来中国能源国际合作的绩效;最后分析了中国推进能源国际合作的现实依据,提出了通过深化与中亚和西亚国家合作,共同打造中国-中亚-西亚能源区域价值链,进而重塑能源全球价值链的路径选择。本文的研究为新发展格局下推进能源国际合作提供了理论支撑和政策选择。

清中晚期江南十番与南北戏曲曲艺环流考论

清中晚期是全国戏剧戏曲等艺术形式发生深刻转变的重要时期。兴起于民间、晚明已趋活跃的江南十番得到明清文人诸多描述,呈现出独特的艺术特征,且与戏剧演出有着千丝万缕的关系。江南十番从演出人才、演出曲目到伎艺传承等诸多方面与北京宫廷等演出场域形成南北环流。在戏曲曲艺生态共同体的视角下,对江南及宫廷等南北十番演出情况的考述,深入探考南北曲艺环流下的地方曲艺发展形态,重新审视清代戏曲曲艺生态场域及历史进程,显然具有重要的价值和意义。

中美战略竞争与亚太中等强国的行为选择——以美国“印太战略”升级为契机

随着中美战略竞争态势的加剧,亚太地区的中等强国在多边制度框架中衍生出不同的战略行为与制度方略,以缓解体系压力和应对外部风险。本文构建以枢纽地位和秩序前景为解释变量、以选边风险为调节变量的分析框架,解释亚太中等强国在“印太”安全和经济制度体系中复杂多样的行为模式。从行为选择看,次地区体系中的枢纽地位决定了中等强国的战略自主性与对抗体系压力的能力,嵌套次地区秩序在内的秩序前景在参照依赖效应下框定了其对现有地区秩序的态度,“印太”制度框架中的选边风险则调节了枢纽地位的作用强度。本文以美国“印太战略”升级为契机,通过考察韩国、澳大利亚、越南和印尼四个案例发现,这些国家在枢纽地位与秩序前景的驱动下,在“印太”安全战略中倾向于以隐性对冲规避风险、以显性制衡承担风险、以显性对冲化解风险和以隐性制衡投机风险,而在“印太”经济战略中,各国则依据对秩序前景的判断来实施制度制衡与制度对冲。明确亚太中等强国在中美战略竞争下的行为模式,对于维护中国国家安全与周边地区秩序稳定具有重要现实意义。

西部严寒地区公共建筑遮阳技术研究

严寒地区供热周期普遍长达半年以上,冬季供热能耗远大于夏季供冷能耗。该地区采取遮阳措施后可以减少太阳辐射,降低夏季制冷能耗,但同时会导致冬季的供热能耗增加。本文探讨了西部严寒地区某公共建筑采用不同遮阳措施后的全年能耗。结果显示:内遮阳可有效降低建筑夏季能耗。采用高反低透的材料,全年能耗增加6%。若内遮阳考虑“人为干预”,可实现夏季节能率25%。

低频天气图在华西秋雨预报中的应用

利用华西地区373个国家气象观测站2014—2018年8—12月日降水资料及ECMWF 500hPa的u、v风场资料,基于低频天气图的预报原理,统计华西秋雨期500hPa风场上低频扰动信号的空间分型、位置和出现次数及天气系统的活动周期、变化路径,归纳出影响华西秋雨降水过程的7个天气形势关键区,通过低频系统的活动特征来预报华西秋雨降水过程。并建立华西秋雨显著降水预测模型。对预测模型在华西秋雨中期延伸期段进行外推检验,得到综合预报准确率大概为46%。

International Competition for Discourse Power in the Middle East Upheaval and Implications for China

The fundamental motivation leading to the Middle East Upheaval is an urgent need for the internal political and social transformation in Middle East countries.International public opinion,particularly the Western discourse that occupies a stronger position has had a profound impact on the development of the whole situation.With China’s continued rise,there is an increase in its competitions and frictions with the United States and other Western powers in global political,economic and other areas.The West uses its advantages in controlling international public opinion,and continues to manufacture discourse and set agendas and even slander regarding Chinese policies.This is not only to guide the situation,but more to maintain its dominant position in international affairs and to contain China’s rising influence.In recent years,China has taken a more aggressive Middle East policy.However,its ability to construct discourse and set agendas is relatively lacking.Therefore,China often remains passive and reactive when responding to the traps set in the Western discourse and agendas.This article focuses on the international competition for discourse power in the Middle East upheaval and the implications for china.

GIS支持下的中国西部公路建设生态影响区划

根据公路的线形景观结构及其对生态系统影响特征,构建了公路建设对生物多样性潜在影响指数(B),以及反映区域生态系统对公路建设扰动的抵抗能力和生态恢复难易程度的生态脆弱性指数(EV),运用GIS技术,以25km×25km的像元分别计算该两个指数的数值。以计算结果为依据,结合公路建设中造成的边坡侵蚀类型,完成了中国西部公路建设生态影响区划。该区划包括3个公路边坡侵蚀影响大区,10个生物多样性潜在影响区和32个生态易损性小区。西部公路建设生态影响区划的研究结果表明,西部地区今后公路建设中生态保护的重点内容具有明显区域差异,因而不同区域应采取的保护措施也应不尽相同。

中国东北西部地区荒漠化发展前沿区域的遥感研究

依据 1 996年 7～ 9月和 1 988年 8～ 1 0月两个时期的LandsatTM遥感信息 ,分别对中国东北西部地区荒漠化发展前沿的典型区域吉林省乾安县的盐渍化、吉林省梨树县土地沙化变化和乌尔吉木伦河与新开河间的土地利用状况 ,进行遥感解译和实地调查。分析研究结果表明 ,东北西部这三个区域的生态环境 1 996年比 1 988年有所恶化 ,主要表征为盐渍化和沙化土地向东有较强发展和蔓延 ,撂荒地显著扩大 ,与沙化土地面积量级接近。