Colombian Migration and the Body Mass Index: The Relationship between Migration and Weight Gain among Colombian Migrants

The Latin American Migration Project-Colombia is used to study the Body Mass Index (BMI) of Colombian migrants to determine whether their BMI score increased the longer they were abroad. The study contributes to the literature on BMI by studying Colombian migrants, an understudied migrant group. Duration of trip is used as a measure of acculturation. The study also evaluates the claim that trip duration is a measure of acculturation using data specific to migrants, which shows that trip duration is an adequate proxy measure of acculturation. The study includes current migrants, returned migrants and non-migrants. The study accounts for the selectivity of migration by comparing migrants to non-migrants, as some studies highlight the health selectivity of migration. The study uses multinomial regression to test whether the probability of being overweight and/or obese is associated with spending more time abroad. Consistent with studies conducted within the receiving countries, the study finds that increased duration of trip is positively and significantly associated with the probability of being overweight and obese. Furthermore, the study also shows that among return migrants there is a negative relationship between time they had remained in Colombia and probability of being obese. The findings show that migrants put on weight while abroad and lose that weight the longer they remain in Colombia. The findings show that place has an indelible impact on health through migrant’s weight.

Migration and population structure characteristics of the small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis in the southern Yellow Sea

Monthly fishery survey data of the small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis in the southern Yellow Sea from2003 and 2013 were employed to evaluate the variation in the resource distribution and biological characteristics（especially body length and sex ratio） in the population on a decadal scale.The results indicated that the small yellow croaker migrated from the Shawai fishing ground to the Dasha fishing ground in spring and was mainly distributed in the central and western parts of the Dasha fishing ground in April and May.Larimichthys polyactis in the Dasha fishing ground migrated eastward to offshore wintering grounds in autumn and reached the central Dasha fishing ground in October and November.The small yellow croaker entered the western waters of the Shawai fishing ground in winter.A large number of age 0＋ fish occurred in the Shawai and Jiangwai fishing grounds in October of 2003 and 2013.The body lengths of the spawning stock and wintering stock in 2013 were larger than those in 2003,and the monthly sex ratios（female to male） were significantly less than 1 in both years.The monthly distribution of this fish in the southern Yellow Sea was consistent with a previous finding that ＂the stock migrated between the wintering grounds in the west of Jeju Island and the Lüsi spawning grounds＂ but tended to move more northward,with the spawning grounds extending outward.In the past decade,body length variation experienced a decline after an increase,rather than a steady decrease.The sex ratio in the single-stick stow net showed a tendency to increase over the decade,but was either less than or more than 1 depending on the fishing gear;therefore,further studies should be conducted to determine the sex structure.

Intestinal obstruction due to migration of a thermometer from bladder to abdominal cavity:A case report

Intraperitoneal foreign bodies such as retained surgical instruments can cause intestinal obstruction.However,intestinal obstruction due to transmural migration of foreign bodies has rarely been reported.Here,we report a case of intestinal obstruction due to a clinical thermometer which migrated from the bladder into the abdominal cavity.A 45-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a one-year history of recurrent lower abdominal cramps.Two days before admission,the abdominal cramps aggravated.Intestinal obstruction was confirmed with upright abdominal radiography and computerized tomography scan which showed dilation of the small intestines and a thermometer in the abdominal cavity.Then laparotomy was performed.A scar was observed at the fundus of the bladder and a ther-mometer was adhering to the small bowels and mesentery which resulted in intestinal obstruction.Abdominal cramps were eliminated and defecation and flatus recovered soon after removal of the thermometer.

What Moved into the Lung?An Unusual Case of Foreign Body Migration

FOREIGN body migration into the lung is a rare complication that can cause various symptoms. In adults, however, foreign body deposited in the luna can be tolerated and remain undetected fora long time. Delayed diagnosis and subsequent delayed treatment is usually associated with atypical complications. In this article, we describe a case of foreign body migration into the tracheobronchial tree. After a long time delay diagnosis, the foreign body was ultimately removed by operation.

Intragastric fish bones migrate into the liver:A case report

BACKGROUND A foreign body in the digestive tract is a common disease in the clinic.However,it is rare for a foreign body to migrate into the liver.Most patients are diagnosed before or after perforation of the digestive tract.Laparoscopic removal of intrahepatic foreign bodies is an effective treatment method.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to fever for 3 d,in addition to pain and discomfort in the right side of his waist.After admission,abdominal computed tomography showed a foreign body in the liver,and gastroscopy did not indicate obvious erosion or ulcers.The patient then underwent laparoscopic surgery.During the operation,an abscess was seen near the gastric antrum and between the caudate lobes of the liver.It was approximately 30 mm×31 mm×23 mm in size.The abscess was cut open,and a fish bone was found inside.The fish bone had penetrated the liver and was successfully removed.It was confirmed that the fish bone migrated from the stomach to the liver.CONCLUSION Although intrahepatic foreign bodies are rare,they should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible to avoid serious complications such as intrahepatic abscess,which may lead to liver resection and even life-threatening events.

济阳坳陷潜山风险勘探方向浅析

济阳坳陷油气资源丰富,但随着勘探程度的不断深入,古近系常规油气藏的勘探难度不断加大,亟需拓展新领域,保障资源有效接替。济阳坳陷地层发育齐全,前古近系潜山分布广、厚度大,勘探潜力显著,但受限于深层潜山形成时间早、经历地质演化历程复杂、深部地震资料品质差等因素,勘探效果相对较差。近年来,随着实验技术持续攻关、基础地质研究不断深化、地震资料处理手段更加丰富,潜山钻探获得了不少好苗头,形成了多期构造共控成山、多套源岩联合供烃、多元共控优势成储、多种模式有序控藏的潜山油气成藏认识。通过对已发现油气藏的深入解剖,同时借鉴邻区的勘探经验,明确了济阳坳陷深层潜山勘探的风险方向和勘探目标,为济阳坳陷油气勘探潜力的进一步挖掘指明了方向。具体来讲,各层系的风险勘探方向为:太古界潜山内幕的断缝体、断溶体圈闭等;下古生界隐蔽性断块圈闭以及内幕颗粒滩、沿层溶蚀作用形成的岩性圈闭;上古生界埋深大于2000m的深层煤系气藏;中生界裂缝-砂体双控的岩性圈闭。

顶煤运移轨迹监测实验平台研制与教学实践

为丰富“采矿学”课程实践教学内容,促进本科生对综合机械化放顶煤开采技术的了解,该文研制了顶煤运移轨迹监测实验平台。实验平台包括模型框架、综放支架、辅助铰轮、磁场发射装置、轨迹识别装置和数据采集系统,平台基于电磁波技术精准定位顶煤位置和精准识别顶煤运移轨迹,可用于研究煤层地质赋存条件、开采技术条件等对顶煤运移规律的影响。实验设计了“模型搭建、标志点安装、模拟放煤、数据采集、轨迹反演”等环节,培养了学生团队合作和创新思考能力。

准确影像定位在颈部食管腔外异物取出术的应用

目的分析颈部食管腔外异物的临床特点及准确影像定位在其诊断和治疗中的应用。方法回顾性分析2017年10月~2024年3月梅州市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科收治的10例颈部食管腔外异物患者,对颈胸部CT行多平面重建(multiplanar reconstruction,MPR),从横断位、冠状位、矢状位判断异物位置,选择合适的手术入路。结果10例颈部食管腔外异物,2例金属和1例木质异物为外伤进入颈部,7例鱼骨为误吞鱼骨迁移颈部。术前影像定位提示异物在环状软骨和甲状软骨周3例,甲状腺内1例,相对应颈椎周2例,胸锁乳突肌周2例,舌骨周2例。支撑喉镜下取出2例,经颈部切开入路取出7例,1例未取出转上级医院治疗。术中彩超协助定位3例。所有患者随访至今均痊愈。结论准确影像定位可为颈部食管腔外异物选择合适手术入路提供依据,术中若异物寻找困难,可借助术中彩超精确定位异物,为成功取出异物提供有力保障。

鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素

综合利用地球化学、扫描电镜、岩心薄片、测井等资料以及油井生产数据等,对鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系延长组7段储层特征、烃源岩特征和致密油分布特征进行了分析,从烃源岩展布、输导体系和源-储组合关系3个方面对致密油差异富集控制因素进行了探讨,并总结了成藏模式。研究结果表明:(1)陕北地区长7段致密砂岩储层主要分布在一亚段(长71)和二亚段(长72),以灰色—灰白色长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,长71和长72平均孔隙度分别为5.56%和7.32%,平均渗透率分别为0.097 m D和0.110 m D,长72储层物性更好;孔隙空间以溶孔为主,发育少量粒间孔。(2)研究区烃类主要来源于本地长72顶部和长73这2套烃源岩,平均厚度大于20 m,有机质丰度高,平均TOC值为3.02%,干酪根类型以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ1型为主,处于生烃高峰期,平均生烃量为270.2×10^(4)t/km^(2),长73烃源岩生烃潜力更大,供烃至长72储层,长71致密油来源于长72烃源岩;新安边地区三角洲前缘亚相末端的长72储层中致密油由湖盆烃源岩侧向供烃。(3)研究区致密油富集受烃源岩展布、砂体连通性以及源-储组合共同控制,在长72更富集,在新安边地区分布面积最大,安塞地区无大规模致密油聚集;纵向上和平面上致密油的聚集差异受控于烃源岩厚度和源-储组合关系,下生上储、上下生油而中间储集和砂泥互层时含油性更好;新安边地区三角洲前缘亚相末端的长72致密油聚集规模大于三角洲前缘主体,是由于三角洲前缘末端发育的局部连通砂体阻碍了湖盆烃类物质的侧向运移。(4)研究区致密油为“源控-砂控”成藏模式,远源河道优势砂体尖灭处和近源局部连通的砂体是有利勘探区。

裂隙煤岩组合体单轴压缩力学响应及失稳机制

煤岩系统中煤层与岩层之间的层间薄弱带是裂隙分布的主要区域,这些裂隙贯穿于两岩层,严重影响着煤岩系统的力学性质与工程稳定。为探究贯穿裂隙对煤岩系统力学性质的影响,对5种裂隙长度、5种裂隙角度的裂隙煤岩组合体开展轴向加载试验,结果表明:(1)随裂隙长度的增加,抗压强度、弹性模量、峰值能量、冲击能量指数呈线性减小。随裂隙角度的增大,抗压强度、弹性模量、峰值能量、冲击能量指数先减小后增大。(2)试样破坏声发射活动均经历平静期、活跃期、剧烈期3个阶段。随裂隙长度的增加,声发射累计能量先增加后减小。随裂隙角度的增大,声发射峰值能量和累计能量先增大后减小。(3)裂隙长度和角度对翼裂纹、次生倾斜裂纹、次生共面裂纹、斜裂纹、次生衍生裂纹、翼裂纹衍生裂纹、远场裂纹以及剥落现象有一定影响。(4)随裂隙长度的增加,黏聚力和内摩擦角逐渐降低。随裂隙角度的增加,黏聚力和内摩擦角先减小后增大。(5)构建了考虑裂隙长度和裂隙角度的Drucker-Prager强度准则,合理性验证发现:试样误差在1.367%~5.055%合理范围之内。(6)基于耗散结构理论,分析了组合体失稳破坏机制,组合体破坏主要经历了准稳态、亚稳态、失稳、新稳态4个阶段;构建了裂隙煤岩组合体能量运移模型,分析了裂隙煤岩组合体失稳破坏过程中的能量运移规律。裂隙两端是能量积聚的主要区域,煤组分裂隙端破坏时,一部分能量运移到岩石组分裂隙端,以岩石组分破坏或变形的形式释放出去。研究结果可为探究深部煤岩力学性质、揭示煤岩动力灾害发生机制提供有益参考。

下腔静脉滤器脱落移位至右髂外静脉1例

患者男,87岁,左下肢肿胀、疼痛1月余,加重并红肿4天;患慢性阻塞性肺疾病多年,具体不详。查体:左大腿内侧至小腿上段肿胀,皮肤潮红、皮温升高,波动感(+)。下肢静脉超声见左侧腘静脉至胫后静脉局部血栓形成。于左小腿抽出暗红色脓液,细菌涂片显示革兰氏阳性球菌(++)。

Translocation of a fish spike from the pharynx to the thyroid gland:A case report

BACKGROUND A fish spike stuck in the throat is a common ear,nose,and throat(ENT)emergency.However,it is very rare for a fish spike to reach the thyroid tissue through the throat,which is very dangerous and can lead to pharyngeal fistula,cervical abscess,mediastinal abscess,and thyroid abscess.Proper and timely management can help reduce complications,especially in elderly patients.CASE SUMMARY In the case presented here,the causative factor was dentures,but improper management aggravated the condition.In the case presented here,an elderly woman with a history of accidentally swallowing fish bones for 20 d had a sensation of foreign bodies in her throat.Eventually,computed tomography(CT)of the neck showed that the left side of the thyroid gland had a dense shadow in the form of a stripe.CONCLUSION If a fishbone foreign body is not visible during endoscopic examination but the patient has significant symptoms,the surgeon should be aware that the fishbone may be lodged in the thyroid.To avoid a misdiagnosis,ultrasound,CT,and other tests can be used to clarify the diagnosis.T The first step in treating a fish bone in the thyroid gland is to determine the position of the foreign body and the extent of the infection,and to develop a personalized surgical plan for its removal.At the same time,scientific information should be made available to the general public so that people know that if a fish bone is accidentally lodged,they should not force it to be swallowed or be spit out by inducing vomiting,which are incorrect methods and may aggravate the condition or even cause it to migrate outside the cavity,leading to serious complications,as in this reported case.

库车坳陷阿瓦特地区高精度地震成像技术及应用

阿瓦特区块位于塔里木盆地库车坳陷克拉苏冲断带西段,地表高程变化大、起伏剧烈,地下构造极其复杂。受地表及地下地质条件的影响,地震资料叠前深度偏移处理准确成像困难。笔者针对该区特殊的地质特征,通过近真地表叠前深度偏移技术、高精度浅表层速度建模技术、特殊岩性体速度精细刻画技术、多方位网格层析成像技术等系列高精度地震成像技术的应用,大幅度提升了该区地震资料的叠前深度偏移成像品质,为后续地质解释及油气勘探开发奠定了坚实的数据基础。

离子型稀土开采过程中导流井井周矿体颗粒脱落运移临界流速研究

离子型稀土是我国独具特色、世界罕见的矿产资源,主导了全球的中重稀土供给,具有配分齐全、高科技应用元素多与综合利用价值大的特点。但离子型稀土开采过程中易出现井壁坍塌,进而造成边坡失稳。本文分析了导流井井周矿体颗粒受力状态,建立了矿体颗粒脱落运移临界流速计算模型,研究了不同影响因素下矿体颗粒脱落运移临界流速。结果表明,矿体颗粒脱落运移的临界流速随颗粒半径、排列角度、摩擦系数的增大而增大。静电力受浸矿液浓度的影响,但其对矿体颗粒脱落运移临界的影响不大。此外,浸矿液粘度增大能够显著降低临界流速。本研究能够为离子型稀土安全高效开发提供理论与技术支撑。

Migrating fish bone piercing the common carotid artery,thyroid gland and causing deep neck abscess

Foreign body(FB) ingestion is very common in Malaysian population.The most commonly ingested FB is fish bone.Common presenting symptoms include FB sensation,odynophagia and or sharp pricking pain during swallowing.A careful history and physical examination is very important.Despite negative laryngoscopy and rigid esophagoscopy,persistent symptoms warrants further radiographic imaging studies.The FB can migrate extraluminally and involve other important adjacent structures of the neck and along the digestive tract.We report 3 cases of extraluminal migration of fish bone and their complications,which were successfully managed.One case with vascular complication which involve common carotid artery and the other two cases with neck abscess formation involving thyroid gland,retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscess.

Hepatic abscess secondary to a rosemary twig migrating from the stomach into the liver

The ingestion of a foreign body that penetrates the gastric wall and migrates to the liver,where it causes an abscess is uncommon. A case of an ingested rosemary twig perforating the gastric antrum,then migrating to the liver,complicated by hepatic abscess and Staphylococcus aureus sepsis is reported. A 59-year-old man without a history of foreign body ingestion was admitted to our hospital because of sepsis and epigastralgia,which had progressively worsened. No foreign body was identified at preoperative imaging,but a rosemary twig was discovered during laparotomy. The liver abscess and sepsis were controlled successfully with surgery and antibiotics. This unusual condition should be kept in mind when dealing with cases of hepatic abscess,or even sepsis of unknown origin. Despite the improvement of non-surgical techniques such as percutaneous drainage and interventional endoscopy,surgery still remains important in the treatment of hepatic abscess caused by an ingested foreign body.

Migrating Foreign Body Bronchus: An Unusual Case of Foreign Body Aspiration

Foreign bodies [FB] in the bronchus are important causes of morbidity and mortality in paediatric age group and pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Inert and smooth foreign bodies are prone for migration from one side to other due to minimal inflammatory process and easy mobility. Herein we are reporting a case of electric bulb aspiration which migrated from right main bronchus to left main bronchus.

陆地地质环境微塑料污染研究现状与展望

陆地地质环境中的微塑料污染日渐广泛和严重,受到科学界的广泛关注,但研究尚处于起步阶段。对近5年微塑料研究的国际文献进行了综述,从来源与组成、迁移和环境影响3个方面进行了梳理和总结,并提出了下一步研究建议。近期研究发现陆地地质环境中的微塑料主要来源于垃圾填埋场、农业面源污染、污水处理系统和交通运输系统,不同来源的微塑料存在显著差异,具有时空变异性。微塑料会随土体人为扰动、土内生物活动在土体内迁移,还可能渗入地下水并借助渗流迁移,或悬浮到大气中并借助风力迁移,颗粒越小越容易迁移。微塑料使土体黏聚力增加、孔隙率降低、孔隙尺度减小、空气循环减少、保水能力提高,微塑料中强水溶性添加剂的渗出会造成地质体次生污染。微塑料对植物生长、动物消化、微生物活性存在不利影响,会诱发人类能量和脂质代谢紊乱、氧化应激和呼吸系统疾病。微塑料污染地质体修复仍处于起步阶段,仅在少量室内试验中发现了微生物降解和生物修复的效果。综上,微塑料污染广泛存在,且对生物和人类健康带来诸多不利影响。面向未来,尚需探明微塑料对陆地生态系统中营养传输的影响、微塑料添加剂在地质体中的迁移和降解规律,研发更高效便捷的微塑料定量检测方法,制定全球统一的测试和评价标准,将微塑料检测列入污染土检测项目,研发高效的微塑料污染地质体修复方法。

浅部矿体开采覆岩运移及导水裂隙带发育高度分析

为研究浅部矿体开采覆岩运移及导水裂隙带发育特征,以红柳矿I020308工作面为研究对象,采用理论试验、数值模拟、理论研究与现场实测方法,分析采动覆岩运移规律以及导水裂隙带发育高度。结果表明:1)覆岩裂隙呈“采场上方裂隙扩张-采空区上方裂隙闭合”趋势,岩块破断呈“下位岩体垮落-上位岩体咬合-叠层同步下沉”趋势,覆岩下沉量峰值达3.268 m。2)导水裂隙带高度发育过程为极缓慢-逐步扩展-迅速发育-增速递减发育;伴随采动影响,含水层水量间歇性释放,采空区涌水量交替增-减且整体呈下降趋势,直至工作面充分采动后稳定,实测导水裂隙带高度为58 m。3)基于矿物成分及微观结构分析,覆岩内富含亲水性黏土矿物且广泛分布粗颗粒,水-岩反应下将加剧裂隙发育,造成理论与实测导水裂隙高度形成误差。

约束层析反演在砂砾岩体速度建模中的应用

砂砾岩体广泛存在于断陷湖盆陡坡带,可发育多种油气藏类型,勘探潜力较大。但由于其空间展布及叠置关系复杂,与围岩有较大速度差异,常规的成像域网格层析建模方法难以获取精细速度模型。为此,基于成像域网格层析反演方法,借鉴层位约束的思想,结合地震解释得到的岩体空间分布信息划定重点反演区域,并引入对数型障碍函数,通过施加不等式约束条件限制岩体速度变化范围,提出一种成像域约束层析反演方法,以提高砂砾岩体的建模精度。在BS工区的应用结果表明,与原有的网格层析模型相比,该方法建立的速度模型与成像剖面中的岩体分布更吻合;与融合建模结果相比,能更好地反映出砂砾岩体内部的速度变化,相应的成像剖面质量也有一定提高。