Knowledge mapping visualization analysis of the military health and medicine papers published in the Web of Science over the past 10 years

Background:Military medicine is a research field that seeks to solve the medical problems that occur in modern war conditions based on public medicine theory.Methods:We explore the main research topics of military health and medical research in the Web of Science?core collection(Wo SCC)from 2007 to 2016,and the goal of this work is to serve as a reference for orientation and development in military health and medicine.Based on Cite Space III,a reference co-citation analysis is performed for 7921 papers published in the Wo SCC from 2007 to 2016.In addition,a cluster analysis of research topics is performed with a comprehensive analysis of high-yield authors,outstanding research institutions and their cooperative networks.Results:Currently,the research topics in military health and medicine mainly focus on the following seven aspects:mental health diagnoses and interventions,an army study to assess risk and resilience in service members(STARRS),large-scale military action,brain science,veterans,soldier parents and children of wartime,and wound infection.We also observed that the annual publication rate increased with time.Wessely S,Greenberg N,Fear NT,Smith TC,Smith B,Jones N,Ryan MAK,Boyko EJ,Hull L,and Rona RJ were the top 10 authors in military health and medicine research.The top 10 institutes were the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,the United States Army,the United States Navy,Kings College London,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center,Boston University,Walter Reed Army Institute of Research,Walter Reed Army Medical Center,Naval Health Research Center,and the VA Boston Healthcare System.Conclusion:We are able to perform a comprehensive analysis of studies in military health and medicine research and summarize the current research climate and the developmental trends in the Wo SCC.However,further studies and collaborations are needed worldwide.Overall,our findings provide valuable information and new perspectives and shape future research directions for further research in the area of military health and medicine.

Mental health service to military retired cadres

Military retired cadres were commonly in aged period with high-incidence of diseases. They were troubled with senility, illness, empty-nest syndrome and spouse-bereft, so they were more vulnerable to some psychological problems. Therefore, promoting the mental health service for retired cadres should be highly concerned and more professional service work should be provided to them.

Health care of elderly military veteran cadres

With the development of our economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the person's life span has been greatly prolonged. Accordingly, there are more and more requirements on health care. The retired cadres in military sanatoriums are heroes in the revolution of our country, and are treasures to our country. However, with the increase of their age, various kinds of diseases have become the main problem bothering the cadres. At present, our party and government are very concerned about veteran cadres. Hence, the medical workers are facing a new problem and challenge as to how to prevent the diseases and improve the medical treatment, and health care for military veteran cadres. We insist on "the people-oriented service and treatment" and try hard to improve service on "prevention, medical care, rehabilitation, and health care". In this way, they may suffer from less pain of diseases, have better prognosis, enjoy happier life, and their disease prevalence and mortality may be lower.

Could Military Commanders’ Good LeadershipInfluence Subordinates’ Smartphone Overdependence? A Serial Mediation Analysis

Owing to the ubiquitous use of smartphones by soldiers, military researchers have an increasing interest in potentially problematicside effects such as smartphone overdependence. This raises a question regarding the psychological mechanisms underlying thepotentially self-damaging use of smartphones. Here, we address this question by analyzing how heterogeneity in commander’sgood leadership explains subordinate soldiers’ differences in self-control and smartphone use. Specifically, we found thatsubordinate soldiers who thought their commander's leadership was good were self-regulated, less dependent on smartphones,less stressed, and finally had good mental health. This result indicates that commander’s good leadership can be used toestimate whether subordinate soldiers exert control over their impulses and use their smartphones properly. Thus, the currentfindings help to identify external factors that lead to a better understanding of problematic smartphone use and can potentiallyhelp to design appropriate preventive mechanisms or interventions that target commander’s good leadership.

Lethal means and suicide prevention among military veterans

Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant publichealthproblemintheUnitedStates.TheNational VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may account for an increase in veteran suicide rates[1].

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoid Solmonella in military personnel,1988-2013

Objective:To describe the spanning 25 years data for the occurrence, magnitude, and trends regarding antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidalSalmonella (NTS) isolated from non-immune travelers to Thailand participating in joint military operations.Methods:A total of 355 NTS isolates, obtained from 2052 fecal samples from US soldiers deployed for military maneuvers in Thailand during 1988-2013, were examined for NTS serogroup/serotypes and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion to these 10 antibiotics:ampicillin, azithromycin (AZM), ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Identified AZM-resistant NTS isolates were further evaluated for their minimal inhibitory concentration by the E-test method.Results:NTS infections accounted for 17.3％ (355/2052), including 11 serogroups and 50 different serotypes. The most prevalent serogroup wasSalmonella group C2-C3 (35.8％, 127/355) followed by groups B (21.1％, 75/355) and C1 (18.6％, 66/355). Identified serotypes includedSalmonellahadar (n=60),Salmonellarissen (n=45), andSalmonella blockley (n=34). Among the predominate serogroups, antimicrobial resistance was consistently high against TET (76.9％, 273/355) followed by STR (40.8％, 145/355). OneSalmonella senftenberg isolate demonstrated decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Most isolates (94.6％) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials, and the most common multidrug resistance was TET-STR-nalidixic acid (11.5％, 41/355).Conclusions:The prevalence of NTS serotypes and the growing magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from deployed US military in Thailand are documented from 1988-2013. This study demonstrates the antibiotic resistance profiles, highlighting the effectiveness of AZM that is a first-line treatment for travelers to Southeast Asia. AZM-resistant NTS isolates are periodically observed over a 25-year period. Hence, the ongoing surveillance and prevalence efforts are required to monitor NTS resistant strains causing further treatment failure.

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoid Solmonella in military personnel,1988-2013

Objective:To describe the spanning 25 years data for the occurrence,magnitude,and trends regarding antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella(NTS)isolated from non-immune travelers to Thailand participating in joint military operations.Methods:A total of 355 NTS isolates,obtained from 2052 fecal samples from US soldiers deployed for military maneuvers in Thailand during 1988-2013,were examined for NTS serogroup/serotypes and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion to these 10 antibiotics:ampicillin,azithromycin(AZM),ciprofloxacin,colistin,gentamicin,kanamycin,nalidixic acid,streptomycin(STR),tetracycline(TET),and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.Identified AZM-resistant NTS isolates were further evaluated for their minimal inhibitory concentration by the E-test method.Results:NTS infections accounted for 17.3%(355/2052),including11 serogroups and 50 different serotypes.The most prevalent serogroup was Salmonella group C2-C3(35.8%,127/355)followed by groups B(21.1%,75/355)and C1(18.6%,66/355).Identified serotypes included Salmonella hadar(n=60),Salmonella rissen(n=45),and Salmonella blockley(n=34).Among the predominate serogroups,antimicrobial resistance was consistently high against TET(76.9%,273/355)followed by STR(40.8%,145/355).One Salmonella senftenberg isolate demonstrated decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility.Most isolates(94.6%)were resistant to one or more antimicrobials,and the most common multidrug resistance was TET-STR-nalidixic acid(11.5%,41/355).Conclusions:The prevalence of NTS serotypes and the growing magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from deployed US military in Thailand are documented from 1988-2013.This study demonstrates the antibiotic resistance profiles,highlighting the effectiveness of AZM that is a first-line treatment for travelers to Southeast Asia.AZM-resistant NTS isolates are periodically observed over a 25-year period.Hence,the ongoing surveillance and prevalence efforts are required to monitor NTS resistant strains causing further treatment failure.

Preferences for pre-exposure prophylaxis among U.S. military men who have sex with men:results of an adaptive choice based conjoint analysis study

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP) prevents human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, but its use remains low among U.S. military men who have sex with men(MSM), likely due to mis-matching with personal preferences. We conducted a study to characterize preferences to PrEP measures within this population.Methods: HIV-negative military MSM were recruited through a closed, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered(LGBT) military social media group. The survey was anonymous, and consisted of five experimentally varied attributes in service delivery: dosing method, provider type, visit location, lab work evaluation location, and dispensing venue.Relative importance and part-worth utility scores were generated using hierarchical bayes(HB) estimation, and the randomized first choice model was used to examine participation interest across eight possible PrEP program scenarios.Results: A total of 429 participants completed the survey. Among the eight scenarios with varying attributes, the most preferred scenario featured a daily tablet, PrEP injection or implant, along with a military provider, smartphone/telehealth visit, and on-base locations for lab evaluation and medication pick-up. The results also emphasized the importance for providers to be familiar with PrEP prescription knowledge, and to provide interactions sensitive to sexual identity and mental health.Conclusions: A PrEP program consisting of daily tablet is preferred in military healthcare settings is preferred. Longacting implants and injections are also desired.

BMJ Military Health期刊知识图谱分析及其借鉴

目的构建英国BMJ Military Health期刊的知识图谱,分析和挖掘2011年以来该期刊发表论文情况,为我军医学期刊及研究机构了解该刊发展现状及开展相关工作提供有价值的参考借鉴。方法检索2011—2022年Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的BMJ Military Health期刊论文,共得到1475条文献记录。采用Hiscite、VOSviewer、CiteSpace等分析工具构建知识图谱。结果BMJ Military Health期刊被引频次呈现逐年快速增长趋势,表明英军军事医学已经受到国际越来越多的关注。该刊以军事医学为基本定位,聚焦军队人员重大慢病防控、创伤损伤救治及运动医学研究,其军事医学研究注重团队优势,军地融合程度较高,基础研究与临床实践的衔接性较高。此外,该期刊鼓励在国家层面、机构层面、作者层面合作发表论文。结论构建BMJ Military Health期刊知识图谱,可以高效、全面、系统地了解该期刊的现状及发展态势。

The Application Status of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Military Health Service in China

Military medicine has had a long history in China since the emergence of the war. Chinese medicine, especially Chinese herbs, was widely used in China as well as other Asian countries for the prevention and treatment of diseases in the military for hundreds of years. However, the use of Chinese medicine in military health service has never been well studied. In this article, we bdefly summarize the application status of Chinese herbal medicine in military health service in China, putting particular emphasis on special military environment, in an attempt to build a bridge between Chinese medicine and military health service and promote the quality of health service for the military and maintain wodd Deace.

清初西藏地方军事档案研究——以《藏四茹兵册》为考察中心

清初西藏地方军事档案是研究西藏地方政治、经济、军事、文化等重要历史事件的第一手资料,典型代表有《藏四茹兵册》。本文从历史军事档案角度解读《藏四茹兵册》,考察其表征、主旨和制度,探讨其在西藏地方档案发展史上的成就。旨在以清初西藏地方军事档案为凭据,考量清初中央政府对西藏地方的治理,阐释西藏地方各民族军事制度之间存在多元“互鉴”,以证明西藏地方档案是中华多民族历史档案的有机构成部分,进而阐明西藏自古以来就是中国不可分割的一部分,粉碎西方反华势力和十四世达赖集团企图分裂中国的图谋。

时空大数据在突发公共卫生事件应急指挥中的应用与挑战

时空是人类生存和发展一切活动的基础,时空大数据是同时具有时间和空间维度的、与地理位置有关的大数据,是突发公共卫生事件应急指挥与控制的重要支撑。针对我国在新冠肺炎疫情应急响应中出现的各种问题,总结时空大数据在新冠肺炎疫情应急响应中的应用。在此基础上分析我国突发公共卫生事件应急指挥系统存在的问题、时空大数据在突发公共卫生事件应急指挥中面临的挑战。提出面向突发公共卫生事件的时空大数据应急指挥技术框架,以期深化时空大数据在突发公共卫生事件领域的应用。

美国太空军的人才培养体系建设举措及其启示

为深入探讨新型作战力量人才队伍建设的基本规律,基于文献研究对美国近年来实施的太空军人才培养举措进行系统梳理。美军一向重视太空作战人才队伍建设,太空军独立后更是在太空训练与战备司令部的领导下加快构建独立的教育训练体系,围绕太空作战人才培养推出了一系列思路举措:一方面加强军队院校太空教育专业性,另一方面拓展军民融合途径。从分步建设人才培训体系、充分借助地方资源培养人才、重视文职人员培养3个方面提出军队新型作战力量人才队伍建设的建议。

军队特勤人员高同型半胱氨酸血症检出率及影响因素分析

目的 探讨特勤人员高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)检出率及影响因素,为开展针对性的健康干预提供科学依据。方法 以2023年9月至2024年1月在某疗养中心参加特勤体检鉴定的618例特勤疗养员为研究对象,内容包括人口学特征、生活方式、体格检查和实验室检测等资料。结果 调查人群同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)平均水平12.10(10.00~14.60)μmol/L,HHcy检出率为23.79%,平均年龄(34.21±7.46)岁,均为男性。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟(OR=1.833,95%CI 1.152,2.915)、勤务类别(OR=1.697,95%CI 1.240,2.323)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)(OR=5.764,95%CI 3.229,10.292)、尿酸(UA)(OR=1.693,95%CI 1.116,2.570)、胆红素(BIL)(OR=2.015,95%CI 1.330,3.052)、肌酐(CR)(OR=3.164,95%CI 1.624,6.162)是HHcy的影响因素。结论 吸烟、勤务类别、LDL-C、UA、BIL和CR是HHcy的影响因素,应对存在高危因素的人群采取相应措施,尽早进行健康干预,以降低心脑血管等慢性疾病发生的风险。

军人家庭复原力和心理健康的关系:一项交叉滞后研究

目的 探索军人群体中家庭复原力和心理健康之间的因果关系。方法 使用家庭复原力量表(Family Resilience Scale)和症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist 90,SCL-90),采取整群方便抽样方式,对204名西部某任务部队陆军军人进行时隔4个月的2次追踪调查。使用Amos 26.0软件构建交叉滞后模型对数据进行分析。结果 控制了前测的心理症状后,前测的家庭复原力可以显著预测后测的心理症状(β=-0.14,P<0.05)。控制了前测的家庭复原力后,前测的心理症状能够显著预测后测的家庭复原力(β=-0.13,P<0.05)。结论 军人家庭复原力和心理健康之间互为因果关系,两者彼此预测。本文结果提示了两者关系间的关键维度。

青年海军官兵健康素养水平影响因素分析

目的了解青年海军官兵健康素养水平的影响因素,为制定精准的健康促进教育政策、提高海军官兵健康素养水平提供依据。方法从海军官兵健康素养监测数据库中随机提取青年海军官兵(年龄18~45岁)的数据,包括一般人口学资料(性别、年龄、身高、体重、民族、婚姻状况、受教育程度、是否独生子女、户籍类型)、健康自评状况(好、一般、差)和健康素养水平[通过全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷(2018)调查获得],采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨青年海军官兵健康素养水平的影响因素。结果性别、年龄、民族、婚姻状况、受教育程度、健康自评状况均为青年海军官兵总体健康素养水平的独立影响因素(均P<0.05),其中女性、年龄为25~45岁、汉族、已婚、受教育程度为大学专科及以上、健康自评结果为“好”是健康素养水平的保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论应全面加强青年海军官兵的健康教育与健康促进工作,特别是针对未婚青年和受教育水平较低的人群,提高健康教育的可及性,不断提升海军官兵的健康素养水平。

Smoking prevalence in the area of responsibility of the German Ministry of Defense——results of the employee survey in the context of occupational health management

Background:Tobacco use,correlated with reduced physical fitness,is one of the leading causes of avoidable death worldwide.It increases the risk of dementia and can shorten the lifespan by 10 years.For the German Armed Forces(Bundeswehr),figures on smoking behavior have not been comprehensively captured.This study analyzes current data in a large sample from this population.Methods:Based on an employee survey as part of the Occupational Health Management System,data on smoking behavior from 13,326 participants were analyzed in relation to age,gender,professional status,education level and membership in military operational units versus other agencies.Results:Smoking behavior varied significantly(P<0.001)by age group(younger>older),gender,professional status,military agency membership status,and education level(the lower the education level,the higher the smoking rates).With the exception of the downward trend in smoking behavior with increasing age among civilian employees,these results were all significant(P<0.005).Conclusions:This data analysis shows that smoking prevalence among personnel in the area of responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Defense is comparable to the current data from corresponding surveys of the German population.Depending on gender,they generally show values that are slightly above those of the German population.The well-known trend in the general population of decreasing smoking prevalence with increasing age is also seen in this analysis.However,there are considerable differences in the smoking prevalence among individual subgroups(professional status,agency,gender,education level).The data show that particular young soldiers in the armed forces should be the target group for further preventive measures.

大模型技术的军事应用综述

大模型以强大的自然语言理解、逻辑推理和内容生成等能力,为军事智能发展带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战。本文梳理了大语言模型的架构建模、适配微调、提示学习等技术,以及典型多模态大模型技术的发展现状,深度分析了国内外主流大模型军事应用平台特点,设计了大模型军事应用的典型任务场景和能力需求,探讨了大模型技术军事应用面临的挑战,展望了军事领域大模型应用的共性关键技术发展,以期为提升基于大模型技术的重大军事应用设计与实战研究提供参考。

“艾武大模型+”:一种军事大模型系统的开发与实证

智能化指挥是新型指挥控制理论研究的重要方向,大模型是智能交互、任务规划和辅助决策等智能化指挥能力实现的重要支撑。本文兼顾理论与实践,梳理大模型军事能力需求,设计面向智能化指挥的大模型应用框架,提出“艾武大模型+”的系统架构、信息流程和协同架构,梳理工程实现的关键技术,以智能化指挥实证案例及选型分析验证“艾武大模型+”系统在多模态交互和特定任务军语理解的能力优势,拓展有/无人平台的末端协同和指令控制,为重大国防军事专项、智能化指挥研究与落地应用提供参考。