To study whether integrative fertilization [growing milk vetch in winter and reducing the dose of chemical nitrogen(N) fertilizer] can improve rice yield, and to reveal the underlying regulatory mechanisms for integra...To study whether integrative fertilization [growing milk vetch in winter and reducing the dose of chemical nitrogen(N) fertilizer] can improve rice yield, and to reveal the underlying regulatory mechanisms for integrative fertilization, a three-year field trial including two treatments, milk vetch-rice-rice(MRR) and winter fallow-rice-rice(FRR), was conducted in 2010, 2011 and 2012.Our results demonstrated that the MRR treatment could significantly improve rice yield compared with the FRR treatment, especially when the application ratio of milk vetch and chemical fertilizer was 1:2.MRR treatment increased the effective panicle number and the spikelet number per panicle.In addition, a higher tillering number, leaf area index, photosynthetic-potential and photosynthetic-potential to grain ratio were observed in MRR treatment, which could provide enough dry matter for yield formation.Moreover, in MRR treatment, we discovered a higher transportation ratio and transformation ratio of dry matter in culm and leaves, and a stronger total sink capacity and spikelet-root bleeding intensity at the heading stage and 15 d after heading.Furthermore, the MRR treatment showed higher total N, phosphorus and potassium uptakes than FRR treatment, which was associated with the higher root dry weight in each soil layers.These results suggest that growing milk vetch in winter can improve rice yield under less chemical N fertilizer application, which is due to the improvement of soil nutrient status and the increased of rice root growth and development.展开更多
研究旨在探讨紫云英较高鲜草翻压量条件下配施不同比例常规用量化肥对单季晚稻养分吸收、养分利用效率和产量的影响。试验设置7个处理:CK(不翻压紫云英和不施化肥),CF(常规用量施肥)及翻压45 t hm-2(GM45)紫云英鲜草配施0、20%、40%、60...研究旨在探讨紫云英较高鲜草翻压量条件下配施不同比例常规用量化肥对单季晚稻养分吸收、养分利用效率和产量的影响。试验设置7个处理:CK(不翻压紫云英和不施化肥),CF(常规用量施肥)及翻压45 t hm-2(GM45)紫云英鲜草配施0、20%、40%、60%和80%常规用量化肥(CF)。在浙江省金华市蒋堂农业科学试验站进行为期2年的田间试验,结果表明,在所有的紫云英翻压配施化肥处理中,虽然水稻N、P、K的总吸收量以GM45+80%CF处理最高,但稻谷P、K养分最高吸收量出现在GM45+40%CF处理中,水稻养分内部利用效率随化肥配施量的增加而降低;水稻的N、P和K的农学利用效率和稻谷产量均以GM45+40%CF处理最高。从提高肥料利用率和降低环境风险的角度出发,紫云英鲜草异地还田量为45 t hm-2时,以配施N 80.6 kg hm-2、P2O521.5 kg hm-2和K2O 43.3 kg hm-2为宜。与CK处理相比,CF和紫云英鲜草翻压配施化肥处理的稻谷产量分别提高13.7%和8.5%～17.4%。在紫云英—单季晚稻耕作制中,紫云英异地还田量45 t hm-2不会使单季晚稻苗期产生僵苗现象。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program(Grant No.2013BAD07B12)the grant from Jiangxi Province(555 Talents Program)
文摘To study whether integrative fertilization [growing milk vetch in winter and reducing the dose of chemical nitrogen(N) fertilizer] can improve rice yield, and to reveal the underlying regulatory mechanisms for integrative fertilization, a three-year field trial including two treatments, milk vetch-rice-rice(MRR) and winter fallow-rice-rice(FRR), was conducted in 2010, 2011 and 2012.Our results demonstrated that the MRR treatment could significantly improve rice yield compared with the FRR treatment, especially when the application ratio of milk vetch and chemical fertilizer was 1:2.MRR treatment increased the effective panicle number and the spikelet number per panicle.In addition, a higher tillering number, leaf area index, photosynthetic-potential and photosynthetic-potential to grain ratio were observed in MRR treatment, which could provide enough dry matter for yield formation.Moreover, in MRR treatment, we discovered a higher transportation ratio and transformation ratio of dry matter in culm and leaves, and a stronger total sink capacity and spikelet-root bleeding intensity at the heading stage and 15 d after heading.Furthermore, the MRR treatment showed higher total N, phosphorus and potassium uptakes than FRR treatment, which was associated with the higher root dry weight in each soil layers.These results suggest that growing milk vetch in winter can improve rice yield under less chemical N fertilizer application, which is due to the improvement of soil nutrient status and the increased of rice root growth and development.
文摘研究旨在探讨紫云英较高鲜草翻压量条件下配施不同比例常规用量化肥对单季晚稻养分吸收、养分利用效率和产量的影响。试验设置7个处理:CK(不翻压紫云英和不施化肥),CF(常规用量施肥)及翻压45 t hm-2(GM45)紫云英鲜草配施0、20%、40%、60%和80%常规用量化肥(CF)。在浙江省金华市蒋堂农业科学试验站进行为期2年的田间试验,结果表明,在所有的紫云英翻压配施化肥处理中,虽然水稻N、P、K的总吸收量以GM45+80%CF处理最高,但稻谷P、K养分最高吸收量出现在GM45+40%CF处理中,水稻养分内部利用效率随化肥配施量的增加而降低;水稻的N、P和K的农学利用效率和稻谷产量均以GM45+40%CF处理最高。从提高肥料利用率和降低环境风险的角度出发,紫云英鲜草异地还田量为45 t hm-2时,以配施N 80.6 kg hm-2、P2O521.5 kg hm-2和K2O 43.3 kg hm-2为宜。与CK处理相比,CF和紫云英鲜草翻压配施化肥处理的稻谷产量分别提高13.7%和8.5%～17.4%。在紫云英—单季晚稻耕作制中,紫云英异地还田量45 t hm-2不会使单季晚稻苗期产生僵苗现象。
