4味中药及其与抗菌药的复方制剂的MIC测定

用改进的试管两倍稀释法测定了黄连、鱼腥草、大青叶和苦参4味中药及其相互配伍（1：1）对标准大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度和4味中药与抗菌药配伍（1000：1）对临床分离鸡大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度。结果表明，4味中药及其相互配伍对大肠杆菌标准株有一定的抑制作用，其MIC值介于3．91—62．50mg／mL之间，其中大青叶和鱼腥草以1：l配伍对大肠杆菌抑菌效果最好，MIC为3．91mg／mL；对临床分离株，单方药中黄连抑菌效果最好，MIC为31．25mg／mL，24种复方药中，黄连和盐酸多西环素或加替沙星以1000：1配伍的抑菌效果最好，其MIC为3．91mg／mL。

氮杂尿苷对三株腐败菌抑菌活性的测定

目的:以二酮哌嗪为母核,对其结构修饰得到的30种化合物进行抑菌活性筛选,找到对大肠杆菌(E.coli)、腐败希瓦氏菌(Shewanella spp.)和铜绿假单胞菌(P.aeruginosa)抑菌效果理想的化合物。方法:首先采用紫外吸收光谱法定期测定放入光照振荡培养箱中菌悬液和营养肉汤的吸光度,得到三株腐败菌的生长曲线。其次采用纸片琼脂扩散法对药物的抑菌活性进行筛选,从30种化合物中筛出有抑菌效果的化合物。最后采用肉汤稀释法结合紫外分光光度计测定最低抑菌浓度(Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, MIC)。结果:氮杂尿苷对三株腐败菌的MIC均为3.42 mg/mL,且抑菌效果随着药物浓度的增大而增大。结论:氮杂尿苷对三种腐败菌具有较为显著的抑菌作用,这为后期防腐保鲜剂的研发提供了一定数据参考和理论支持。

大蒜蒜瓣中细菌多样性分析及抑菌剂筛选

微生物的生长会限制大蒜蒜瓣的贮藏期。通过分离纯化,结合菌落形态、菌体形态和PCR序列比对,分析大蒜蒜瓣中细菌多样性;测定抑菌圈直径、最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度,比较常用生物抑菌剂和化学防腐剂对大蒜蒜瓣中常见细菌的抑菌能力。结果表明,从大蒜蒜瓣中分离得到的菌株主要有水生拉恩菌、土生拉乌尔菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肠膜明串珠菌、乳酸明串珠菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌、成团泛菌、柠檬酸杆菌。生物抑菌剂肉桂醛和化学防腐剂双乙酸钠对4种指示菌(大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、土生拉乌尔菌和水生拉恩菌)的抑菌效果最好,肉桂醛和双乙酸钠联用对大蒜蒜瓣中菌落总数的抑菌率达到98.4%,对大肠菌群的抑菌率达到100%。

基于cBD3的衍生肽对犬皮肤源多药耐药菌的抑菌活性

[目的]筛选犬皮肤源多药耐药菌,同时基于犬防御素设计衍生肽并探究其抗菌作用。[方法]通过K-B药敏纸片法对临床分离的菌株进行筛选,随后以犬β-防御素3(cBD3)的氨基酸序列为模板,采用氨基酸替换的方式对序列进行设计,选取优化肽cBD3-ABU进行化学合成,利用微量肉汤稀释法检测cBD3-ABU对多药耐药菌的抑菌活性。[结果]筛选获得8株犬皮肤源多药耐药菌;通过固相合成法获得纯度达95.61%的cBD3-ABU;cBD3对大肠杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、伪中间型葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为32、64、64、128μg/mL,高浓度cBD3-ABU对犬皮肤源大肠杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、伪中间型葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别为96.02%、81.85%、87.25%、98.91%。[结论]cBD3-ABU在体外具有良好的抑菌活性,具有进一步开发为治疗性药物的潜力。

16种岭南特色道地药材对肺炎链球菌的抑菌作用研究

研究16种岭南特色道地药材对肺炎链球菌的体外抑菌活性。以肺炎链球菌为受试菌,采用24孔板培养法测定16种岭南特色道地药材醇提物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果显示,16种岭南特色药材中有11种对肺炎链球菌有抑菌性,分别为:火炭母、桂枝、长萼堇菜、岗梅、广藿香、扁桃斑鸠菊、破布叶、一点红、狗肝菜、三桠苦、地胆草。其中,长萼堇菜、广藿香、扁桃斑鸠菊、狗肝菜、三桠苦、地胆草的醇提物表现出较强的抑菌活性。部分岭南特色道地药材的乙醇提取物对肺炎链球菌具有良好的抑菌作用。

酮康唑-甲基-β-环糊精包合物的表征及抑菌活性研究

[目的]为了提高低水溶性抗真菌药物酮康唑(ketoconazole,KCZ)的水溶性及抑菌活性,减少临床应用限制。[方法]采用饱和溶液法制备酮康唑-甲基-β-环糊精包合物,高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测其溶解度,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(IR)法对其结构进行表征,用纸片扩散法(K-B法)和最小抑菌浓度(MIC)方法对比检验酮康唑原药与酮康唑-甲基-β-环糊精包合物对白色假丝酵母菌的体外抗菌活性。[结果]通过甲基-β-环糊精包合,酮康唑在包合物中的水溶性比单一酮康唑增加了约2 941倍,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(IR)法证实了有新物相形成。酮康唑原药的抑菌圈为(22.00±1.63) mm,酮康唑-甲基-β-环糊精包合物的抑菌圈则提升至(28.00±1.63) mm。最低抑菌浓度结果显示,酮康唑原药的最低抑菌浓度为(0.125±0.029)μg/mL,酮康唑-甲基-β-环糊精包合物的最低抑菌浓度为(0.062 5±0.015 0)μg/mL。[结论]酮康唑-甲基-β-环糊精包合物不仅没有破坏酮康唑原药对白色假丝酵母菌原有的抑菌能力,还提高了其抑菌效果。

附洛优对3种细菌MIC值的测定

为了观察附洛优对临床分离所得的大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌的体外抑菌效果,采用试管二倍稀释法测定该药对3种菌株的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果表明,试验中附洛优对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌的MIC值分别为156.3μg/ml,0.39μg/ml和1250μg/ml。

Antimicrobial activities of the rhizome extract of Zingiber zerumbet Linn

Objective:To investigate antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of Zingiber zerumbet(Z.zerumbet)(L.)Smith and its chloroform and petroleum ether soluble fractions against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.Methods:The fresh rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet were extracted in cold with ethanol(4.0 L)after concentration.The crude ethanol extract was fractionated by petroleum ether and chloroform to form a suspension of ethanol extract(15.0 g),petroleum ether fraction(6.6 g)and chloroform soluble fraction(5.0 g).The crude ethanol extract and its petroleum ether and chloroform fractions were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity against thirteen pathogenic bacteria and three fungi by the disc diffusion method.Commercially available kanamycin(30μg/disc)was used as standard disc and blank discs impregnated with the respective solvents were used as negative control.Results:At a concentration of 400μg/disc,all the samples showed mild to moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity and produced the zone of inhibition ranging from 6 mm to 10 mm.Among the tested samples,the crude ethanol extract showed the highest activity against Vibrio parahemolyticus(V.parahemolyticus).The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of the crude ethanol extract and its fractions were within the value of 128-256μg/mL against two Gram positive and four Gram negative bacteria and all the samples showed the lowest MIC value against V.parahemolyticus(128μg/mL).Conclusions:It can be concluded that,potent antibacterial and antifungal phytochemicals are present in ethanol extract of Z.zerumbet(L.).

全国1200例VVC致病菌的常见抗真菌药物MIC分析

目的了解全国外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)致病菌株的分布及其对常见抗真菌药物的敏感性。方法复苏2015年全国45家医院于妇科门诊就诊的VVC患者的VVC菌株1200例。用科玛嘉假丝酵母菌显色培养基进行培养鉴定。参照美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)M27-A3方案,测定其对氟康唑、克霉唑、咪康唑、伊曲康唑及制霉菌素5种抗真菌药物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值情况。结果(1)在培养的1200例VVC致病菌株中,白假丝酵母菌占81.17%(974/1200),非白假丝酵母菌占18.83%(226/1200)。在非白假丝酵母菌中,光滑假丝酵母菌最多,占13.25%(159/1200)。(2)白假丝酵母菌与非白假丝酵母菌的氟康唑、克霉唑、咪康唑、伊曲康唑及制霉菌素不同MIC值分布比较差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为175.220、66.912、217.150、281.004、21.175,P<0.0001)。(3)对于克霉唑,白假丝酵母菌的MIC低值比例更低,而非白假丝酵母菌的MIC高值比例更高。对于咪康唑,非白假丝酵母菌的MIC低值比例更低,而白假丝酵母菌的MIC高值比例更高。(4)白假丝酵母菌和非白假丝酵母菌对氟康唑的耐药性均较高,MIC≥64μg/mL比例分别为73.41%和50.88%;而白假丝酵母菌和非白假丝酵母菌对于制霉菌素MIC低值比例均较高,MIC≤1μg/mL比例分别为79.67%和76.11%。(5)白假丝酵母菌对于伊曲康唑耐药性高于非白假丝酵母菌,MIC≥16μg/mL比例分别为43.12%和25.66%。结论VVC的主要致病菌仍是白假丝酵母菌,光滑假丝酵母菌已成为白假丝酵母菌以外的VVC第2大致病菌。白假丝酵母菌和非白假丝酵母菌对5种抗真菌药物的MIC值分布具有明显差异。全国VVC患者对氟康唑耐药性较高,白假丝酵母菌致VVC患者对克霉唑和制霉菌素敏感度较高,非白假丝酵母菌致VVC患者对咪康唑和制霉菌素的敏感度较高。

Antimicrobial Effects of Berries on Listeria monocytogenes

The purpose of this study was to first evaluate the antimicrobial effects of powder and extracts of berries (rose-hip, aronia, sea buckthorn and hawthorn) on the development of antibiotic-resistant L. monocitogenes. Listeria monocytogenes is considered one of the most important pathogens responsible for food-borne infection. Antimicrobial properties were evaluated using the standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Bacterial inactivation networks were determined and compared, as well as the possibility of using powders and extracts of berries to control the risk of Listeria monocytogees infestation in the milk and dairy industry as well as in the meat industry. The effect of pH (4.78 - 4.43) and water activity (0.90 - 0.80) on the relationship between optical density (OD) at 600 nm and the plate count (CFU ml-1) was investigated for Listeria monocytogenes. It was determined Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of berries for L. monocytogenes. The most relevant bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on L. monocytogenes in the tested berries demonstrated sea buckthorn and rosehip.

Antimicrobial activity of PVP from an Antarctic bacterium, Janthinobacterium sp. Ant5-2, on multi-drug and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Multiple drug resistant(MDR)and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)have become increasingly prevalent as a community acquired infection.As a result limited treatment options are available with conventional synthetic antibiotics.Bioprospecting natural products with potent antimicrobial activity show promise for developing new drugs against this pathogen.In this study,we have investigated the antimicrobial activity of a purple violet pigment(PVP)from an Antarctic bacterium,Janthinobacterium sp.Ant5-2 on 15 clinical MDR and MRSA strains.The colorimetric resazurin assay was employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC90)of PVP against MDR and MRSA.The MIC90 ranged between 1.57μg/mL and 3.13μg/mL,which are significantly lower than many antimicrobials tested from natural sources against this pathogen.The spectrophotometrically determined growth analysis and total microscopic counts using Live/dead®BacLight™fluorescent stain exhibited a steady decrease in viability of both MDR and MRSA cultures following treatment with PVP at the MIC levels.In silico predictive molecular docking study revealed that PVP could be a DNA-targeting minor groove binding antimicrobial compound.The continued development of novel antimicrobials derived from natural sources with the combination of a suite of conventional antibiotics could stem the rising pandemic of MDR and MRSA along with other deadly microbial pathogens.

大蒜原汁对乳鸽腹泻大肠杆菌的抗菌效果研究

为检测大蒜汁对乳鸽腹泻大肠杆菌的抗菌作用,采用常量试管稀释法检测4种大蒜汁对乳鸽腹泻大肠杆菌的最小杀菌浓度(MBC)和最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。试验结果表明:37℃时紫皮多瓣蒜的MBC为2.5%,MIC为1.25%;白皮多瓣蒜、独头蒜和三瓣蒜的MBC均为5%,MIC均为2.5%。不同温度下,白皮多瓣蒜、三瓣蒜和独头蒜75℃时的MIC分别为2.5%、10%和10%,三者加热到85℃和95℃后均没有抗菌作用;紫皮多瓣蒜在85℃时有一定的抗菌作用,MIC为2.5%,加热到95℃后没有抗菌作用。4种大蒜汁在37℃时对乳鸽腹泻大肠杆菌均具有抗菌作用,对乳鸽腹泻大肠杆菌病具有良好的预防与治疗作用。

复配精油抑菌剂的制备及其对鲜切猪肉的抑菌作用

通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取肉桂精油(cinnamon essential oil,CEO)、紫苏精油(perilla essential oil,PEO)和牛至精油(oregano essential oil,OEO),采用微量二倍稀释法测定单一植物精油的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC),用棋盘稀释法计算复配精油的分级抑菌浓度指数,并探究复配精油的抑菌效果及对鲜切猪肉的保鲜抑菌作用。结果表明,3种精油对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑菌作用,抑菌能力的大小表现为肉桂精油>紫苏精油>牛至精油;精油复配后存在协同或相加现象,其中,肉桂-紫苏精油复配剂对2种供试菌种的抑菌效果显著优于肉桂-牛至精油复配剂和紫苏-牛至精油复配剂。肉桂-紫苏精油复配在一定程度上能有效抑制鲜切猪肉水分及蛋白质含量的损耗,抑制微生物生长并保持鲜猪肉的色泽,证明肉桂-紫苏精油复配剂对鲜切猪肉具有一定的保鲜抑菌作用。

抗水产病原非O1/O139霍乱弧菌的中草药筛选及抑菌效果分析

为筛选能有效抑制水产病原非O1/O139霍乱弧菌(non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae)生长的中草药,本研究通过水煎法获得黄柏、五倍子等23味中草药的提取物,采用琼脂打孔法测定其对非O1/O139霍乱弧菌的抑制作用,并用试管二倍稀释法测定了抑制效果较强的8种中草药对非O1/O139霍乱弧菌的最小抑菌浓度(Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(Minimum Bactericidal Concentration,MBC)。结果表明:五倍子、白芍、黄柏、诃子、山楂、石榴皮、地榆、木瓜等8种草药对非O1/O139霍乱弧菌具有较强的抑制作用,其中非O1/O139霍乱弧菌对五倍子、白芍和黄柏高度敏感,其抑菌圈直径分别为(19.92±1.24)mm、(19.50±0.74)mm和(18.92±2.12)mm。五倍子抑菌和杀菌作用最强,MIC和MBC均为7.81 mg/mL,其次是白芍,MIC为15.63 mg/mL,MBC为31.25 mg/mL。本研究为中草药防治由非O1/O139霍乱弧菌引起的水产动物疾病提供了理论参考。

中草药的抑菌活性及其对圣女果的保鲜效果

【目的】研究五倍子、油橄榄叶、虎杖和蒲公英4种中草药的抑菌活性及其对圣女果的保鲜效果,为开发绿色安全的圣女果保鲜剂,以及食品天然防腐保鲜剂的研究提供参考依据。【方法】采用醇提法制备五倍子、油橄榄叶、虎杖和蒲公英4种中草药提取液,以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、啤酒酵母和黑曲霉为指示菌,利用牛津杯法考察提取液抑菌活性,以二倍稀释法考察最低抑菌浓度(MIC);将不同浓度(50.00和100.00 mg/mL)五倍子和油橄榄叶提取液喷洒于圣女果表面,以蒸馏水为空白对照(CK),通过感官评价、腐烂率、失重率、硬度、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物和维生素C(Vc)指标,考察对圣女果的保鲜效果。【结果】4种中草药提取液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、啤酒酵母和黑曲霉均有不同程度的抑菌效果,五倍子和油橄榄叶抑菌效果最佳,抑菌圈直径分别为18.47和20.00 mm、17.77和22.00 mm、15.90和17.00 mm、14.83和13.00 mm、15.93和14.07 mm;MIC分别为62.50和15.63 mg/mL、31.25和7.81 mg/mL、31.25和15.63 mg/mL、62.50和31.25 mg/mL、62.50和62.50 mg/mL。从圣女果的保鲜测试指标结果可知,相较于CK,50.00和100.00 mg/mL五倍子和油橄榄叶提取液均可在不同程度上改善圣女果保鲜效果。贮藏至第10 d时,相较于其他处理组,100.00 mg/mL油橄榄叶提取液处理组的感官评分(46.15分)、腐烂率(16.67%)、失重率(4.50%)、硬度(1.20 kg/cm2)、可溶性固形物含量(6.18%)和Vc含量(31.50 mg/100 g)等保鲜指标最优,与CK存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01,下同)差异;而100.00 mg/mL五倍子提取液处理组的可滴定酸含量(0.48%)最高,与CK间差异极显著。【结论】100.00 mg/mL油橄榄叶提取液对圣女果的保鲜效果最佳,作为天然防腐保鲜剂具有良好的应用前景。

精油与天然产物复配对阴道炎念珠菌的体外抑制作用

念珠菌性阴道炎(vulvovaginal candidiasis,VVC)是女性阴道感染中最常见的疾病之一,临床上一般采用作用于局部或全身的抗真菌药物,但这些药物常引起阴道微生态失调,治疗效果不佳。以精油和天然产物为原料,采用低能乳化法配制了复方微乳液,研究了复合配方对白色念珠菌和乳酸杆菌的抑菌作用。当精油和天然产物的复合配方含有柠檬香茅50 mg/mL、厚朴提取物0.3 mg/mL、白千层5 mg/mL、香桃木5 mg/mL和KHC20抑菌剂2 mg/mL时,白色念珠菌对10倍最小抑菌浓度(MIC)的复合配方表现为高度敏感,在24 h的抑菌试验中无菌落生长;对于乳酸杆菌,由于未达到其MIC,复合配方的抑菌效果不显著,乳酸杆菌可形成菌膜且生长良好。结果表明,该复合配方在体外环境下能有效抑制白色念珠菌生长并且保护有益菌群不受破坏,为维护阴道微生态平衡的药物开发提供理论基础。

体外诱导耐药及相关基因检测

[目的]了解常见致病菌产生耐药性后耐药基因和毒力基因的变化。[方法]采用微量肉汤二倍稀释法测定21种临床常见抗生素对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等5种标准菌株的最小抑菌浓度,选取敏感药物进行体外诱导耐药试验,采用PCR法检测耐药基因和毒力基因。[结果]5个标准菌株均对氨基糖苷类药物敏感;大肠杆菌对四环素类药物敏感;鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌和肺炎链球菌对喹诺酮类药物敏感;金黄色葡萄球菌对克林霉素敏感。与标准菌株相比,氨基糖苷类和四环素类耐药菌株中均检测出新出现的相关耐药基因;喹诺酮类耐药基因parE在多杀性巴氏杆菌的标准菌株和耐诺氟沙星菌株中检测出,gyrB基因仅在肺炎链球菌的标准菌株和耐氧氟沙星菌株中检测出。在大肠杆菌中均检测出CS31A毒力基因,此外标准菌株中检测出fimH基因,耐多西环素菌株中检测出afa基因;多杀性巴氏杆菌标准菌株未检测出毒力基因,耐药菌株中均检测出oma87和tbpA基因;而鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌仅在标准菌株中检测出毒力基因。[结论]说明氨基糖苷类抗生素更容易诱导菌株产生耐药基因,而毒力基因与耐药基因无明显的相关性。细菌获得耐药性后,其毒力基因变化因菌株不同存在差异。

一种消炎复合物的体外抑菌与烫伤愈合作用

【目的】为治疗烫伤创口抗感染与愈合提供一种替代抗生素治疗的复合材料,防止因过多使用抗生素而引起的耐药性细菌频繁增多的局面,本文提供了一种主要由天然产物组成的消炎复合物,探究其药用价值。【方法】用茶多酚、仙人掌、蜂胶等制备消炎复合物溶液,并分别进行体外抗菌试验和小鼠浅Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合试验,测试其对于常见菌种的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)、验证其抑制金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus)是否明显以及统计烫伤创面愈合率。对试验小鼠进行脏器系数评价和大体解剖试验以验证其安全性。【结果】该消炎复合物对3种供试菌的抑菌效果皆存在量效关系,即样品浓度越大,抑菌效果越强,其对S.aureus抗菌能力强,MIC=10 mg/mL;各组小鼠的创面恢复情况随着给药天数的增加而好转,创面愈合率持续提升,其创面愈合率与烫伤膏相当。实验过程中小鼠无明显异常反应,消炎复合物各组脏器系数较生理盐水对照组无明显区别。【结论】可初步认为,该消炎复合物在抗菌与促烫伤创面愈合的方面上具有双重作用,且具有一定药用安全性,但对于其在烫伤创面细菌感染愈合作用机理有待于进一步研究。

黄芩醇提物抗白色念珠菌的提取工艺优化

本文旨在优化黄芩体外抗白色念珠菌的提取工艺。实验采用乙醇回流提取法,以对白色念珠菌的抑菌率为指标,通过单因素正交实验考察乙醇浓度、液料比、提取时间、提取温度和提取次数对黄芩醇提物抑制白色念珠菌的影响。结果显示,乙醇回流提取法的最佳提取工艺为:提取温度70℃、乙醇浓度80%、提取时间1.5h、料液比1∶15和提取次数1次。在此条件下,黄芩醇提物最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值为0.3906mg·mL^(-1),提取率为37.7%。

In Vitro Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Fungal Activities of Extracts from Different Parts of 7 Zingiberaceae Plants

This study aimed to explore the anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities of extracts from different parts of plants in the Zingiberaceae family.The inhibitory rate,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of leaf and stem,and root and rhizome extracts from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata,Alpinia oxyphylla Miq×Alpinia henryi K.Schumann,Alpinia oblongifolia Hayata,Alpinia nigra(Gaertn.)Burtt,Amomum villosum Lour,Alpinia zerumbet(Pers.)Burtt.et Smith and Alpinia oxyphylla Miq were determined using the fungus cake method and double dilution method.The seven Zingiberaceae plants exhibited characteristic antibacterial activities against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.At a 1.5 mg mL^(−1),A.zerumbet root and rhizome extracts exhibited strong inhibitory activity against S.aureus and E.coli,with 83.23%and 79.62%,respectively.In addition,A.zerumbet leaf and stem extracts had an inhibitory rate of 90.85%against P.aeruginosa.At the same concentration,the leaf and stem,root and rhizome extracts of A.katsumadai had the best anti-bacterial effect against F.oxysporum,with inhibition rates of 84.46%and 84.73%,respectively.Moreover,A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet leaf and stem extracts had the most significant antibacterial effect against S.aureus,with a MIC of 0.063 mg mL^(−1).Thus,both A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet extracts had significant antibacterial activity.In addition,by comparing the inhibitory effect of extracts from different parts,it was found that the inhibitory rate and average inhibitory rate of extracts from leaf and stem were higher than those from root and rhizome.The chemical constituents of A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet,determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),revealed that citric acid(CA),alpinetin,and pinocembrin(PNCB)were the functional constituents yielding the antibacterial activity.Overall,A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet have the potential to be developed as new plant fungicides and bactericides.