Chinese Geological Prospecting Gets Good Harvest, and Mineral Resources and Reserves Increase Gratifying in 2012

On March 27, 2013, the Ministry of Land and Resources held a news conference to announce a significant achievement in Chinese geological prospecting work in 2012. According to government/industry statistics, proved reserves of oil and natural gas have increase substantially in 2012. Newly proven national petroleum geological reserves are 15.2 million tons, a year-on-year growth of 13%, which is the tenth time of more than 1 billion tons since the founding of People＇s Republic of China; newly proven technically recoverable reserves are 270 million tons, a year-on-year growth of 7%. The 2012 national newly proved reserves from natural gas exploration are 961.22 billion cubic meters, a year-on-year growth of 33%, which is the highest level in our history; the new proven technically recoverable reserves are 500.8 billion cubic meters, a year-on-year growth of 36%. National natural gas production was 106.76 billion cubic meters, a year-on-year growth of 5.4%. The Ordos, Tarim and Sichuan basins are still the main producing areas of natural gas in China. In 2012, national oil production was 205 million tons, a year-on-year growth of 1%, which made a steady increase. The national coal-bed methane production was 2.57 billion cubic meters, a year-on-year growth of 24%.

Application of 3-D Geoscience Modeling Technology for the Estimation of Solid Mineral Reserves

Applying new approaches, methods, and technologies for the estimation of reserves can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of assessments of solid mineral resources. After analyzing the development of 3-D geoscience modeling technology （3-D GMT）, this paper discusses the application of 3-D GMT for the estimation of solid mineral reserves, emphatically introducing its workflow and two key technologies, 3-D orebody surface modeling, and property modeling. Moreover, the paper analyzes the limitations of traditional methods, such as the section method and geological block method, and points out the advantages of 3-D GMT： building more accurate 3-D orebody models, expressing the internal inhomogeneous attributes of an orebody, reducing the potential for errors in the estimation of reserves, and implementing dynamic estimations of reserves.

Delineation of Potential Mineral Resources RegionBased on Geo-anomaly Unit

The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, geochemical and geophysical data is used for quantitative measurement of the “ore forming geological anomaly unit” in this paper. The main procedures are shown as follows: (1) The geo anomalous events associated with gold mineralization are analyzed in Tongshi gold field; (2) The zonation in the concentrated heavy minerals and the stream sediment elements of ore forming geo anomaly are studied in detail; (3) The deep geological structural framework is deduced by means of the synthetic geological interpretation of gravity and magnetic information; (4) The ore controlling geo anomalies and ore anomalies are chosen as the variables of the favorable ore forming indexes that can be used for the quantitative delineation and evaluation of the potential ore forming regions.

Energy Mineral Resources of Greece

Greece, in relation to many other countries of similar size, is very advantageous for the mineral wealth it possesses. Great variety, mostly industrial and metallic minerals, and energy mineral raw materials such as lignite, are in its subsoil. The probable and proven reserves of most of the mineral resources of Greece are unknown, as detailed investigations （e.g., drillings, measurements, analyses, etc.） are lacking. In our assessment the total value of the reserves is about ε1.5 trillion and is four times its total debt （ε360 billion）. The total value of the indicated reserves of the Industrial Minerals ＆ Rocks is ε60 billion. The total value of the indicated reserves of the Metallic Minerals is ε72 billion. The total value of the indicated reserves of the Energy Mineral Raw Materials is ε1,362 billion, of which ε268 billion belong to the lignites which are exploited for decades to produce only electricity. The indicated oil reserves are 10 billion barrels with current value of E685 billion and the corresponding of natural gas 3.5 trillion m3 with current value of ε409 billion.

Mineral Resources Classification of the State Subsoil Fund

General principles and description of Mineral Resources the United Nations Framework Classification of Mineral Resources. Classification of the State Subsoil Fund of Ukraine are adapted to The system that is used to classify the resources and reserves of all minerals and fuels in Ukraine has been developed and described. The classification system is part of an official procedure determined by the Ukrainian State Commission on Reserves. Following preparation of resource estimates the results that are registered with the State, which maintains an official inventory of all mineral resources.

Evaluation of Potency and Mineral Reserve Balance for Sustainable Mining Management--Case Study:Central Java Province of Indonesia

The level of availability and scarcity of resources gives an indication of how to manage scarce resources.Good mining practice supports sustainability and minimizes environmental degradation.One alternative to support the development of potential mineral resources is the study of mineral resource balances.The research objectives are:(a)to evaluate the potential of mineral resources and reserves,(b)to evaluate the production data of mineral commodities,(c)to calculate mineral reserve balance.Research methodology includes an inventory of data in the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources.Compilation of mineral resource balance adjusted to the applicable regulations.The study was conducted in the Central Java Province of Indonesia.Based on the evaluation results there were 26 mineral commodities,but there were only 12 commodities developed during 2016-2018.These resources are andesite,limestone,basalt,fill-dirt,sandstone,trass,feldspar,quartz-sand,marble,diorite stone,talk and claystone.The mineral reserve supports the construction of highways,airports and other infrastructure projects in Central Java Province of Indonesia.

Mineral Industry in Egypt-Part I: Metallic Mineral Commodities

This The mineral potential in Egypt is quite high. Almost all sorts of industrial minerals such as metallic and non-metallic commodities exist in commercial amounts. However, Egypt imports many of the mineral commodities needed for the local mineral industries. The main reason for this is that the investors, either the governmental or the private sectors, refrain from investing into the mineral industry for prospecting, evaluation, and developing the mining and mineral processing technologies. This is because the return on investment in the mining industry is generally low and the pay back period is relatively long compared with easy-to-get money projects. Another reason is the disarray of the mining laws and regulations and lack of administrative capability to deal with domestic and international investors and solve the related problems. Also, lack of skilled personnel in the field of mining and mineral processing is an additional factor for the set back of the mining industry in Egypt. This is why the mining technology in Egypt is not very far from being primitive and extremely simple, with the exception of the underground mining of coal, North of Sinai, and Abu-Tartur phosphate mining, where fully automated long wall operations are designed. Also, the recent gold and tin-tantalum-niobium projects are being designed on modern surface mining and mineral processing technologies. The present review presents an overview of the most important metallic mineral commodities in Egypt, their geological background, reserves and production rates. A brief mention of the existing technologies for their exploitation is also highlighted.

Grade-Tonnage, Ore Value-Tonnage, andEnrichment Ratio-Tonnage Models forResource Assessment

According to grade-tonnage diagrams of nickel and zinc deposits, their critical grades are 0.4 % and 3. 4 %, respectively, and hence the former resources can be considered optimistic and the latter pessimistic. The grade-tonnage diagram of gold deposits is convex downwards suggesting that the critical grade is 1 X 10-6 in the low-grade part. The ore value (OV)-tonnage diagram of all deposits In the world consists of three parts: high, middle and low vain f classes. The enrichment ratio (ER)-tonnage diagram of all deposits in the world ho consists of three parts: high, middle and low ratio classes.Nine quality categories defined by ER and OV are characterized by some keywords indicating deposit types as follows: category RH (high ER-high OV: 0. 7 %) by 'unconformity' and 'Mississippi Val-ley', category HM (high ER-middle: OV: 0.7 %) by 'vein', category ML (middle ER-low OV: 0 %) by 'sandstone', 'stockwork' and' dissemination', category LM by 'orthomagmatic',' laterite',komatiite and ' chemical', and category LL by 'porphyry', 'dissemination' and 'placer'. Category MM is not characterized by any keyword. If the commodities of a deposit are defined by both the enrichment ratio and the ore value, the defined commodities are relatively coincident for gold and nickel,but different for copper, silver and zinc, and greatly different for molybdenum and lead. Deposits containing lead and/or zinc are complimentary. If the commodity Ph+Zn is applied, most lead or zinc deposits are classified as Ph+Zu by both definitions. Accessory metals are commonly expected for deposits of kuroko-type zinc, epithermal silver, massive sulfide-type zinc and volcanogenic zinc, but uncommon for deposits of orthomagmatic chromium, chemically precipitated copper and sandstone-type uranium.

Ministry of Land and Resources: To Strengthen Reserve of Key Ore Mines for Strategic Minerals

The Ministry of Land and Resources formally promulgated‘Outline of the'Thirteenth Five Year Plan'for Land and Resources’on August14.The'Outline'pointed out to,reinforce prospecting and protection of key mineral resources;improve orefield reserve mechanism,strengthen reserve of key orefields for strategic minerals such as tungsten,rare earth。

Study of Iron Ore Processing Technology of Tamir Gol Deposit in Mongolia

Iron ore processing for steel production is crucial to the development and economy of Mongolia. Regardless of having abundant natural resources and raw materials, Mongolia almost doesn’t produce final products. So far, most mining and mineral beneficiation plants export raw materials only subjected to beneficiation process. Out of more than 200 deposits in Mongolia, 91 deposits had been explored with different methods and stages, and estimated the resource of 33 reserves. Without processing the iron ore, it is impossible to use it for steelmaking due to its high sulfur and phosphorus impurities. Therefore, to study the processing of iron ore deposits in Mongolia, we did a preliminary investigation of iron ore deposits and took samples from the Tamir Gol deposit with high silica and phosphorus content that is difficult to process. Then, conducted mineral analysis and determined the grain structure and beneficiation characteristics of Tamir Gol iron deposit. .

China's Major Minerals in 2016 Are Identified,With Overal Resource Reserves Continuing to Grow

On August 22,the reporter learned from MLR’s Press Conference for Identified Reserves of Mineral Resources of China in2016 that,China’s investment in mining fixed assets and geological exploration had declined for four consecutive years by 2016,and resource reserves growth rate had slowed down due to other reasons such as downturn

Endogenic Cracking of Rocks at Kolchiktau Gold Deposit in Daugiztau Ore Field

Kolchiktau deposit is located within the Central Kyzylkums in Navoiy region of Uzbekistan.The importance of study of hard-rock deposits is caused by numerous explorations of such deposits in Uzbekistan, which plays a significant role in social-economic aspects of the country.Rational and safe exploration of such deposits requires the study of engineering -geological conditions of territory.The

发达国家提高关键矿产资源供应保障能力的经验与启示

近年来,为保障关键矿产资源的安全供应,西方发达国家根据国际形势变化不断完善关键矿产资源保障的制度,不断完善关键矿产资源评价指标体系,不断调整优化关键矿产资源战略和关键矿产清单,不断调整优化关键矿产资源战略储备,持续推动关键矿产资源的技术创新,积极开展资源外交,推动关键矿产资源来源的多元化。借鉴发达国家经验,提高我国战略性矿产资源的安全保障能力,需要健全完善矿产资源评价与管理体系,加强矿产资源开发技术攻关和矿产资源产能建设,持续拓展全球矿业合作,提升战略性矿产资源的全球资源配置能力。

月球内部水和月表水冰资源的评估研究

水是地球上的生命之源,也是未来星际旅行重要的推进剂材料,因此在人类对月球和其他地外天体的探测过程中,水是最受关注的战略资源之一。美国Apollo和前苏联Luna登月计划之后二十多年间,月球“无水”的观点曾被广泛接受。文章系统阐述了月球内部水和月表水研究进展、月球水成因、水资源量评估和开发利用方法。近年对月表水资源的探测和月球样品中水含量的深入研究,揭示出月球并非“无水”,月球内部含有较为丰富的水,月表的极区可能有可观的水资源,月表中低纬度地区也广泛存在太阳风成因的水。月球的水成因主要包括自身来源的水、小行星和彗星来源水、太阳风成因水等。据估测,月表极区水冰的资源量约为142.8亿吨,月表太阳风成因水含量约为34万吨,为未来月球基地的建设和深空探测提供了重要的资源保障。并就月球水资源利用的提出多种开发利用方案,包括热能采矿法、月球极地推进剂开采前哨战、钻取一体化开发利用系统等。

中国锂资源安全综合评价及预测预警研究

当前,全球公共卫生事件、地缘冲突和大国博弈加剧冲击全球产业链供应链,新能源关键矿产面临较大供应风险.该文提出了包含需求预测、初级资源供给预测和回收资源供给预测在内的新的矿产资源保障程度预测模型.模型从情景分析出发,将微观矿山数据和宏观经济数据结合,综合运用计量模型、机器学习、因子模拟等方法,考虑了储量、成本、贸易等影响要素,对我国锂资源保障程度进行多情景下的综合预测分析.研究结果显示,我国锂资源存在长期资源储备不足的风险,加大勘察投入可以有效增加未来可供储量,提升资源保障程度;未来中国初级锂的保障程度逐渐上升,将在2030年满足国内一半需求;当前锂资源回收率较低,提高回收率能够有效提升次级锂的供应,当回收率提升至40%以上,能基本实现锂资源的对内保障.政策建议:加大勘探投入,实施新一轮找矿行动;提升矿业生产效率,保障初级资源生产;政府鼓励企业加强锂资源回收,提高资源回收率;加快技术革新,提升资源利用率,降低回收成本.

中国硒矿的矿床类型、分布与资源潜力

作为战略性新兴矿产之一的硒,在电子、化工、医学、半导体、光伏、空间探测等产业的众多领域都有重要的应用。目前,中国的硒资源供需矛盾十分突出,摸清中国硒资源的家底,合理利用和开发硒资源,是保障国家硒资源战略安全,推动相关产业高质量发展的关键。本文对中国92个硒矿床进行了资料收集与整理,归纳总结了中国硒矿床的成因类型与时空分布特征,分析了硒资源潜力。研究结果表明:中国硒矿床的成因类型主要为岩浆熔离型、矽卡岩型、斑岩型、岩浆热液型、海相火山岩型、陆相火山岩型、浅成中低温热液型、化学或生物化学沉积型;中国硒矿床自元古代到新生代均有产出,但大部分集中在中生代,其次是晚古生代和早古生代,其他时代的硒矿床数量较少。根据中国硒矿床的矿床类型、分布特征,划分南阿尔泰-北准噶尔、东天山、阿拉善、北祁连、西秦岭南亚带、东秦岭、湘鄂西-黔中南以及长江中下游共8个中国潜在硒矿资源矿集区。

新时代背景下广西矿产资源储备机制优化与实现路径探索

矿产资源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础,新时代高质量发展对我国矿产资源保障能力的提升提出了更高要求,矿产资源安全成为新时代国家安全体系的重要组成部分。矿产资源储备是保障国家矿产资源安全的重要途径,建立完善的矿产资源储备机制对稳定矿产资源市场和维护国家安全具有重要意义。围绕全民所有自然资源资产管理体制机制和深化矿产资源管理改革的要求,本文梳理和总结了当前国内外矿产资源储备模式,分析了矿产资源储备的背景及存在的问题。结合全民所有自然资源资产所有者职责,以广西壮族自治区矿产资源储备为例,提出了矿产资源战略储备、调控储备、周转储备模式,从而补充单一的国家战略矿产资源储备。结合“净矿”出让的要求和程序,探索了调控储备、周转储备的程序。从制定矿产资源储备管理办法、构建多层次矿产资源储备体系、拓宽矿产资源储备资金渠道等方面提出了矿产资源储备机制优化建议。

矿产地储备的作用、规模及影响因素研究

矿产资源是一个国家经济、国防安全保障的主要物质基础。进入21世纪后,各国对矿产资源的争夺日趋激烈,以美国、欧盟、日本为代表的发达国家,相继建立了以保障经济、国防安全为目标的矿产资源战略储备制度。当前,国内外矿产资源开发利用形势复杂多变;我国经济发展进入快速发展阶段,矿产资源保护与合理开发利用需要建立更加完善科学的战略体系,开展矿产地储备及提高资源安全保障水平的工作刻不容缓。矿产地储备的主要目的是保障我国矿产资源长期供应安全,增强国家宏观调控能力。本文在收集分析国外尤其是发达国家矿产资源储备工作资料的基础上,结合我国矿产资源禀赋、勘查成果和国家经济发展所需,开展了针对我国矿产地储备工作的研究。本文分析了矿产地储备的作用、规模和影响因素,认为矿产地储备作为矿产资源储备的一种形式,它具有在储备方式上简便易行和长期战略性的特点;构建矿产地战略储备体系,可以给科学技术发展争取时间,当技术、经济条件具备时再行开发可以有效地减少资源浪费;矿产地储备可以弥补矿产品储备的不足,增强矿产资源使用效益,保障国家中长期的矿产供应量和经济社会发展的代际公平。因此,矿产地储备意义重大,是关系到国家资源安全和国民经济发展的战略性工作。

全生命周期视角下矿产资源资产确认计量探讨

矿产资源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础,矿产资源拥有量和禀赋是国家财富的重要组成部分。矿产资源资产从实物角度看具有隐蔽性和高风险性,从量价角度看具有不确定性和递减性,随着我国社会治理水平不断提升,矿产资源资产在会计确认计量方面亟待完善。本文运用全生命周期理论,在分析矿业权的量价核算模式基础之上,分析矿产资源储量和矿业权价值的影响因素,探讨矿业权在取得、经营、延续、转让、注销各环节的确认计量方式,引入矿产资源资产初始价格和账面价值概念,提出矿产资源资产“累计折耗”科目,探索实现矿产资源资产实物量和价值量核算模式的应用过程和配套管理方式。