Validation of adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

This editorial delves into the research article by Zeng et al published in the latest issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology.The manuscript contributes significantly to addressing the global health issue of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)by introducing and validating the Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale(EDAS).The article effectively conveys the importance of the study,highlighting the prevalence of NAFLD,the lack of approved drugs for its treatment,and the crucial role of lifestyle correction.The use of the Delphi method for scale development and the subsequent evaluation of its reliability add scientific rigor to the methodology.The results demonstrate that the scale is correlated with key lifestyle indicators,which makes it a promising tool for assessing patient adherence to interventions.The identification of specific score thresholds for predicting adherence to daily calorie intake and exercise adds practical value to the scale.The differentiation among scores indicative of good,average,and poor adherence enhances its clinical applicability.In conclusion,the manuscript introduces EDAS,a valuable instrument that can contribute substantially to the field of NAFLD research and clinical practice.

Adolescents’ perspectives on a school-based physical activity intervention:A mixed method study

Purpose'. To examine adolescent experiences and perspectives of the GoActive intervention (ISRCTN31583496) using mixed methods processevaluation to determine satisfaction with intervention components and interpret a*dolescents experiences of the intervention process in order toprovide insights for future intervention design.Methods'. Participants (n = 1542;13.2 土 0.4 years, mean 土 SD) provided questionnaire data at baseline (shyness, activity level) and post-intervention(intervention acceptability, satisfaction with components). Between-group differences (boys vs. girls and shy/inactive vs. others) weretested with linear regression models, accounting for school clustering. Data from 16 individual interviews (shy/inactive) and 11 focus groupswith 48 participants (mean = 4;range 2—7) were thematically coded. Qualitative and quantitative data were merged in an integrative mixedmethods convergence matrix, which denoted convergence and dissonance across datasets.Results'. Effect sizes for quantitative results were small and may not represent substantial between-group differences. Boys (vs. girls) preferredclass-based sessions (0 = 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1—0.3);qualitative data suggested that this was because boys preferred competition,which was supported quantitatively (0 = 0.2, 95%CI: 0.1-0.3). Shy/inactive students did not enjoy the competition (0 = -0.3, 95%CI:—0.5 to —0.1). Boys enjoyed trying new activities more (0 = 0.1, 95%CI: 0.1 -0.2);qualitative data indicated a desire to try new activities acrossall subgroups but identified barriers to choosing unfamiliar activities with self-imposed choice restriction leading to boredom. Qualitative datahighlighted critique of mentorship;adolescents liked the idea, but older mentors did not meet expectations.Conclusion. We interpreted adolescent perspectives of intervention components and implementation to provide insights into future complexinterventions aimed at increasing young people's physical activity in school-based settings. The intervention component mentorship was liked inprinciple, but implementation issues undesirably impacted satisfaction;competition was disliked by girls and shy/inactive students. The resultshighlight the importance of considering gender differences in preference of competition and extensive mentorship training.

Development of an assessment and intervention protocol for postpartum hemorrhage in the mainland of China: an evidence-based method and Delphi consult

Objective: Postpartum hemorrhage(PPH) is a leading cause of maternal death. Although guidelines have been updated, those with detailed protocols are limited for nursing practice. This study aims at establishing an early assessment and intervention protocol as a toolkit for PPH for midwives and obstetrical nurses.Methods: Employing the evidence-based method, a systematic Internet search of guidelines was conducted and appraisal of literatures was conducted with AGREE system and Oxman-Guyatt Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire(OQAQ), according to which a protocol draft was therefore developed. Then, a two-round modified Delphi method was utilized to reach a consensus of the protocol built on best practices. Selection criteria for each intervention measure included consensus level with a threshold of 70%, mean of importance(M) >3.5, and coefficient of variation(CV) <0.25. Reliability of experts' opinion was calculated by positive coefficient and authoritative coefficient. Items without consistency were enlisted in the second-round consult. When all items met the selection criteria, the protocol would be finally formulated.Results: A 122-measure protocol was established, including prevention, assessment, and intervention of PPH. With a panel of 14 experts participated in the consult, the positivity coefficient was 0.93 and 1.00 for two rounds, respectively, and the authority coefficient was 0.88. After a two-round consult and revision of the draft, the final program was formulated, containing 5 first-level indexes and 14 second-level indexes with a total item of 120.Conclusions: The PPH protocol, based on high-quality evidences, was formulated with a two-round Delphi method, which can provide insight for midwives and obstetrical nurses to effectively deal with PPH.

Construction of Complex Intervention in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): A Preliminary Methodological Study Based on Text Mining and Interviewing Method

Aim: To explore and analyze the feasibility of establishing a program of complex intervention in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) based on Text Mining and Interviewing method. Methods: According to MRC, Constructing the program of complex intervention in TCM by Text Mining and Interviewing method should include 4 steps: 1) establishment of interview framework via normalization of extraction of ancient documents and Effectiveness of collection of modern periodical literatures;2) materialization of interview outline based on Focus Group Interview;3) rudimentary construction of complex intervention program based on Semi-structured Interview;4) evaluation of curative effect of complex intervention. Conclusions: It is feasible and significative to establish a program of complex intervention in TCM based on Text Mining and Interviewing method.

Effect of Montessori method on the cognitive and behavioral intervention of senile dementia patients:a meta-analysis

Background:To evaluate the effect of Montessori method on cognitive and behavioral function in patients with senile dementia by meta-analysis.Methods:The randomized controlled trials of the effect of Montessori method on cognitive and behavioral functions of Alzheimer’s patients in PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Excerpt Medica Database,The Cumulative Index to Nursing&Allied Health Literature,Chinese BioMedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Weipu Information Chinese Periodical Service Platformdatabase and Wanfang database were searched by computer,and the references of relevant literatures were traced.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening,data extraction,evaluation and inclusion in the literature,using RevMan 5.4.1 software for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 11 literatures were included and 936 patients were enrolled.Meta analysis shows that compared with routine nursing,Montessori method is helpful to improve the overall cognitive function(standardized mean difference=1.53,95%confidence interval(1.32,1.73),P<0.01),activities of daily living and reduce the incidence of adverse events(relative risk=0.37,95%confidence interval(0.21,0.63),P<0.01)in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.Conclusion:Montessori method is helpful to improve the overall cognitive function,activities of daily living and reduce the incidence of adverse events in patients with senile dementia.Affected by the included study,it still needs to be confirmed by multi center and large sample randomized controlled study.

基于调肝疏情法治疗肝气郁结型耳鸣

探讨基于调肝疏情法,以电针晕听区联合身心干预治疗肝气郁结型耳鸣的临床应用。肝气郁结型耳鸣源于情志不遂,肝气郁结,气机阻滞,阴阳升降失调而致耳鸣,治疗上应调肝疏情。电针晕听区可疏肝清窍、调和气血,身心干预治疗可调畅情志、平衡阴阳,二者联合共克耳鸣之难症。临床运用过程中,因其安全便捷,亦可根据患者不同伴随症状进行灵活加减,收效颇优。

双主体三步法对脑血管动脉瘤介入治疗患者康复进度、急性应激障碍及功能康复的影响

目的探究双主体三步法对脑血管动脉瘤介入治疗患者康复进度、急性应激障碍及功能康复的影响。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的244例脑血管动脉瘤患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组和观察组各122例,对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者于此基础上给予双主体三步法护理模式,干预至出院后3个月。比较两组患者的康复进度,以及干预前后的急性应激障碍量表(ASDS)评分、医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)评分、Fugl-Meyer运动功能测评法(FMA)评分和改良Barthel指数(BI)。结果观察组患者术后清醒时间、尿管留置时间、住院时间分别为(11.32±1.85)h、(7.20±0.68)d、(18.36±3.18)d,明显短于对照组的(24.35±2.36)h、(11.75±0.83)d、(20.14±3.76)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组患者ASDS量表中分离症状、再体验症状、高警觉症状、回避症状评分分别为(7.10±1.10)分、(6.56±0.96)分、(11.03±1.69)分、(5.32±0.67)分,明显低于对照组的(8.32±1.27)分、(8.24±1.12)分、(13.14±1.13)分、(7.56±1.18)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组患者MCMQ量表中回避、面对、屈服评分分别为(11.24±2.36)分、(26.06±3.17)分、(8.32±1.38)分,明显低于对照组的(16.36±3.22)分、(20.53±4.14)分、(10.29±2.15)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组患者FMA、BI评分分别为(70.69±5.10)分、(81.02±5.24)分,明显低于对照组的(64.59±44.32)分、(76.33±4.69)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论双主体三步法应用于脑血管动脉瘤患者的管理,可减轻患者急性应激障碍,改善其应对方式,加速术后康复进度,提高肢体运动及日常生活能力。

基于EPPM理论胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为干预方案构建

目的构建基于拓展平行过程理论(extended parallel process model,EPPM)的胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为干预方案。方法2023年3—11月,在文献回顾和小组讨论的基础上形成基于EPPM理论的胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为干预方案初稿,采用德尔菲专家函询法对18名专家进行2轮函询,形成干预方案终稿。结果2轮专家函询共构建2个一级指标、4个二级指标和27个三级指标的筛查干预方案。专家权威系数分别为0.822、0.884;2轮函询的肯德尔协调系数分别为0.176、0.373,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论构建的基于EPPM理论的胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为干预方案具有可靠性和实用性,以期为胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为干预提供借鉴依据。

医学研究生课程“介入放射学”的思想政治教学探讨

立德树人是教育的根本任务。医学教育不仅要使培养的医学生具有扎实的专业知识,更要使其具备优良的医德医风,从而成为一名德才兼备的医生。医学课程中蕴含着丰富的思政元素,是教书育人的重要战场。深入挖掘医学教育课程中的思政元素、医学人文思想,将其融入专业课教学过程中,实现对学生潜移默化的思想政治教育,是从事医学教育的教师面临的重要任务。就研究生课程“介入放射学”的教学过程,从思政元素的挖掘、思想政治教育的教学方式两方面做了有益的探讨。

介入专科护士岗位胜任力模型的构建

目的 构建介入室专科护士岗位胜任力模型。方法2023年3月至2024年3月,组建课题小组,查阅国内外文献,运用德尔菲法对7名护理专家、9名医疗专家进行2轮问卷函询。结果 2轮函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%。经过16名专家2轮咨询,构建了4个一级指标及28个二级指标。结论 探索专科护士岗位胜任力模型构建,构建结果可信,具有一定的科学性和适用性,但指标体系仍需在实践中不断验证、修改、完善。

积极心理学干预联合PDCA循环法在胃癌化疗患者中的应用

目的探讨积极心理学干预联合PDCA循环法在胃癌化疗患者中的应用效果。方法将77例胃癌患者根据干预方式的不同分为对照组(n=31,常规干预)和观察组(n=46,常规干预+积极心理学干预+PDCA循环法干预),比较两组患者负性情绪[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]、生活质量[生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)]、满意度、不良反应发生情况、依从性。结果干预后,两组患者HAMA、HAMD量表评分均较干预前降低,且观察组患者HAMA、HAMD量表评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。干预后,两组患者心理功能、社会功能、躯体功能、物质生活状态评分均较干预前升高,且观察组患者心理功能、社会功能、躯体功能、物质生活状态评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。观察组患者满意度、总依从率均高于对照组,不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论胃癌化疗患者应用积极心理学干预联合PDCA循环法,能够改善患者的负性情绪,提高患者生活质量、满意度和依从性,减少不良反应。

基于行为诱导法的个性化心理护理结合家属赋权干预对学龄期毛细支气管炎门诊雾化吸入治疗患儿医疗恐惧及配合度的影响

目的探讨基于行为诱导法的个性化心理护理结合家属赋权干预在学龄期毛细支气管炎门诊雾化吸入治疗患儿中的应用效果。方法选取2020年9月至2022年3月我院收治的90例学龄期毛细支气管炎门诊雾化吸入治疗患儿为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各45例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用基于行为诱导法的个性化心理护理结合家属赋权干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的医疗恐惧调查量表(CMFS)各维度评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的配合度优良率高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的呼吸频率(RR)、功能残气量(FRC)低于对照组,潮气量(TV)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于行为诱导法的个性化心理护理结合家属赋权干预可减轻学龄期毛细支气管炎门诊雾化吸入治疗患儿的医疗恐惧感,提高其配合度,也能促进患儿肺功能改善,值得临床推广应用。

按病种分值付费背景下医院科室收入核算模式探索

医保支付方式改革已迈入了全面实施阶段,按病种分值付费对公立医院经济运营管理与科室绩效管理提出了新的挑战。样本医院从改革科室收入核算模式入手,创新性提出了与按病种分值付费制度高度融合的科室收入核算模式。通过运用于科室绩效考核,切实引导医务人员理解医保支付制度,推动医疗收入内涵式增长与医疗费用合理管控,促进医院高质量可持续发展。

基于三维质量结构模型构建介入护理质量指标体系

目的 构建介入护理质量指标体系。方法 以三维质量结构模型为理论基础,通过文献分析、专家会议、总结归纳临床问题,初步形成了介入护理质量指标的初稿,包括3项一级指标、12项二级指标和55项三级指标。在中国13个省市25家三甲医院遴选了27名介入护理及护理管理专家,运用德尔菲法进行2轮专家函询,确立了介入护理质量指标体系。结果 最终形成了包含3项一级指标,7项二级指标,29项三级指标的介入护理质量指标体系。2轮函询中专家的积极系数均为100%,权威系数为0.95,专家函询各指标的变异系数分别为第1轮0~0.25;第2轮0~0.21。第1轮函询专家意见的肯德尔和谐系数一、二、三级指标分别为0.672、0.271、0.341;第2轮为0.462、0.475、0.330,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论 构建的介入护理质量指标体系可靠性和科学性均较高,可为介入护理安全质量控制评价与监测提供参考依据。

老年2型糖尿病合并血脂异常患者运动干预方案的构建

目的 构建老年2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)合并血脂异常患者运动干预方案。方法 通过文献研究、半结构式访谈,拟定运动干预方案初稿;于2023年2-4月运用德尔菲法进行2轮专家函询,确定最终方案。结果 18名专家2轮函询的积极系数均为100%,权威系数分别为0.878和0.856,2轮函询条目重要性和可行性的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.139、0.158和0.133、0.194,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。构建的运动干预方案包括5个一级指标、23个二级指标、57个三级指标。结论 本研究构建的老年T2DM合并血脂异常患者运动干预方案具有一定的可靠性、科学性和实用性,可为老年T2DM合并血脂异常患者运动干预的临床实践提供参考。

青少年与年轻成人癌症患者预立医疗照护计划干预方案构建

目的构建适用于我国青少年与年轻成人癌症患者的预立医疗照护计划干预方案,提高该人群预立医疗照护计划实践效果。方法基于跨理论模型,通过文献回顾、焦点小组访谈、半结构化访谈设计青少年与年轻成人癌症患者预立医疗照护计划干预方案,采用德尔菲法对15名专家进行专家函询。结果2轮函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%,专家权威系数为0.865;第2轮专家函询后,指标肯德尔和谐系数为0.238~0.394(均P<0.05)。最终形成的青少年与年轻成人癌症患者预立医疗照护计划干预方案包括前意向阶段、意向阶段、准备阶段、行动阶段、维持阶段,具体实施细则包括干预时机、干预主题、干预内容、干预目标、干预方式、评价指标。结论基于跨理论模型构建的青少年与年轻成人癌症患者预立医疗照护计划干预方案具有较好的专家认可度,但需进一步开展实证研究进行验证。

脑卒中患者夫妻心理资本干预方案的构建

目的 构建脑卒中患者夫妻心理资本干预方案,为提升脑卒中患者夫妻的心理资本水平提供参考。方法 以心理资本干预模型与二元疾病管理理论为指导,参考国内外相关文献构建脑卒中患者夫妻心理资本干预方案,对18名专家开展2轮德尔菲专家咨询。结果 2轮问卷有效回收率均为100%,专家权威系数为0.885。最终干预方案包括8次干预,23条干预措施。结论 构建的脑卒中患者夫妻心理资本干预方案具有科学性和较好的专家认可度。后续将在康复期脑卒中患者及配偶中应用,评估实施效果,验证干预方案的有效性和可行性。

动脉介入化疗“超选择法”与“球囊阻断法”治疗视网膜母细胞瘤的效果比较

目的观察动脉介入化疗“超选择法”与“球囊阻断法”治疗视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)的有效性、安全性。方法选取郑州大学附属儿童医院2020年6月至2022年6月收治的90例(141眼)RB患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法分为超选组(45例,68眼)、阻断组(45例,73眼),给予超选组动脉介入化疗“超选择法”,给予阻断组动脉介入化疗“球囊阻断法”。比较两组临床疗效、血清肿瘤指标[存活素、Livin、血管内皮生长因子(VECF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)]、保眼率、复发率、转移率、安全性分析及预后。结果超选组总有效率(95.59%)较阻断组(83.56%)高(P<0.05);治疗2、4个周期后超选组血清存活素、Livin、VEGE、MMP-9水平低于阻断组(P<0.05);两组保眼率、复发率、转移率、毒副反应及并发症、预后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论动脉介入化疗“超选择法”与“球囊阻断法”治疗RB患儿的效果确切,但“超选择法”治疗效果优于“球囊阻断法”,两组安全性分析无明显差异。

混合教学方式应用于介入放射学课程教学中的探索

目的 探索混合教学方式在介入放射学课程教学中的应用效果。方法 选取齐齐哈尔医学院2016级和2017级医学影像学专业370名学生为研究对象。采用试验对照研究方法,将2017级医学影像学专业185名学生设为试验组,采用混合教学方式进行介入放射学课程教学;将2016级医学影像学专业185名学生设为对照组,采用传统教学方式进行介入放射学课程教学。课程教学结束后,通过理论知识和实践操作能力考核成绩和相关问卷调查结果,比较两组学生不同教学方式的实施效果和学生对各自教学方式的满意情况。结果 试验组学生的理论知识[(45.55±2.58)分]和实践操作能力[(46.57±2.56)分]考核成绩均高于对照组学生[(34.65±1.65)分和(40.12±2.46)分],其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。试验组学生的学习兴趣(96.2%)、实践能力(94.6%)、沟通交流(91.9%)、分析讨论(96.8%)、集体协作(95.7%)、合理利用资源(93.5%)、介入放射知识理解(96.2%)情况均优于对照组学生(85.4%、82.2%、80.0%、85.9%、86.5%、83.8%、90.8%),其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);试验组学生对教学内容[(3.45±0.32)分]、教师态度[(3.34±0.45)分]、教学设计[(3.65±0.26)分]、课堂氛围[(3.59±0.36)分]、授课形式[(3.69±0.28)分]等方面的评分均高于对照组学生[(3.12±0.25)分、(3.05±0.36)分、(2.96±0.65)分、(2.74±0.45)分、(3.02±0.21)分],其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 混合教学方式应用于介入放射学课程教学,有助于提高学生理论知识和实践操作能力考核成绩,增加学生学习兴趣等,还可以提高学生的教学满意度,值得推广应用。

DIP实施效果评价指标体系的构建研究

目的构建一套科学、规范的能适用于综合评价医疗机构按病种分值付费(DIP)实施效果的指标体系,并确定各级指标权重,为开展DIP实践效果评价提供依据,为按病种分值付费政策的完善提供参考。方法通过文献分析初步拟定指标池,运用德尔菲法(Delphi)对22名相关领域的专家进行问卷调查确立指标体系,并利用层次分析法(AHP)确定各指标权重。结果本研究共进行两轮专家咨询,专家积极系数分别为91.00%、100.00%,权威系数均为0.91,两轮专家咨询协调系数均符合标准,专家意见趋于一致。最终构建了3个一级指标(医保基金使用效率、医疗服务管理、患者受益和满意度),9个二级指标,38个三级指标。采用层次分析法确定各级指标权重,其中一级指标中患者受益和满意度(0.4469)权重最高;二级指标中患者医疗费用负担(0.2876)权重最高;三级指标中住院患者满意度(0.1592)权重最高。两轮克隆巴赫α系数均大于0.7。结论本研究应用德尔菲法和层次分析法构建了按病种分值付费实施效果评价体系,具有较高科学性和权威性,可以用于DIP实施效果评价,为各级医保部门和医院管理者进行DIP付费政策评价提供参考。