Impacts of the Minimum Purchase Price Policy for Grain on the Planting Area of Rice in Hubei Province Based on a Mixed Linear Model

Impacts of the minimum purchase price policy for grain on the planting area of rice in Hubei Province were analyzed based on a mixed linear model.After the indicator system containing the minimum purchase price policy and other factors influencing the planting area of rice was constructed,principal component analysis of the system was conducted,and then a mixed linear model where the planting area of rice was as the dependent variable was established.The results show that after the exclusion of the interference from other factors,the minimum purchase price policy for grain had a positive impact on the planting area of rice in Hubei Province.That is,the minimum purchase price policy significantly stimulated the growth of rice planting area in Hubei Province.

Techno-economic and Environmental Assessments of SAF from Bioamss:An Review

This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternatives for liquid fuel and aviation industry is first discussed.Key insights encompass the evolutionary progression of biofuel production from first-generation to second-generation biofuels,with a focus on utilizing non-food sources like woody biomass for enhanced sustainability.Available data from the literature on techno-economic assessments of various SAF production pathways are analyzed including production costs,conversion efficiency,and scalability.Moreover,results of lifecycle assessments associated with different SAF production pathways are presented,providing essential insights for decision-making processes.The challenges of scaling up woody biomass-based SAF production are discussed based on the assessment results,and recommendations are proposed to steer stakeholders towards a greener and more sustainable trajectory for aviation operations.

最低价制下投标报价的博弈分析

报价是承包企业在工程投标中关注的一个重要问题。结合博弈论相关知识,分析最低价制下的投标报价问题,建立相应的博弈模型,并对照书面密封拍卖博弈模型的求解方法,推导了对称信息下的多方报价博弈的均衡结果,得出了实际成本最低的企业中标的结论,并对其结论进行了分析和讨论。最后,针对最低价制下承包企业该如何应对给出了一些建议。

一类供应链的Stackelberg主从对策问题研究

本文研究了供应链中的一般订货模式和协调模式 ,提出了一类供应链Stackelberg主从对策问题 ,卖方作为主方给出最小补充期策略 ,买方作为从方以最优库存策略响应。考虑一致价格折扣弥补买方的库存成本增加 ,以及买方的库存成本合理化 ,建立买方需求确定下的卖方成本优化模型。最后 ,应用遗传算法对石油分销系统Stack elberg主从对策问题离线仿真计算 ,得出Stackelberg主从对策均衡解。

印度应对粮食危机的政策演变与启示

粮食安全始终是国际社会关注的热点话题。1972年以来的三次粮食危机对印度粮食系统的影响不尽相同,前两次主要表现为粮食供给短缺,新冠肺炎疫情期间的粮食危机主要是对粮食供应链的冲击。在不同的供应链环节,印度应对粮食危机的政策反应也在发生变化。突出表现为对粮食安全政策工具的运用不断深化,政策措施多样化,逐步建立起了从生产和流通环节到消费环节的较为全面的粮食安全政策体系。基于此,在政策选择上,中国应持续完善农业生产支持,保障粮食生产供给;完善粮食储备应急管理机制,加快食物系统转型升级;加强国际合作,提高全球粮食安全治理水平。

Understanding the Impacts of Plant Capacities and Uncertainties on the Techno- Economic Analysis of Cross-Laminated Timber Production in the Southern U.S.

Understanding the economic feasibility of cross-laminated timber(CLT),an emerging and sustainable alternative to concrete and steel,is critical for the rapid expansion of the mass timber industry.However,previous studies on economic performance of CLT have not fully considered the variations in the feedstock,plant capacities,manu-facturing parameters,and capital and operating costs.This study fills this gap by developing a techno-economic analysis of producing CLT panels in the Southern United States.The effects of those variations on minimum sell-ing price(MSP)of CLT panels are explored by Monte Carlo simulation.The results show that,across all the plant capacities from 30,000 to 150,000 m^(3)/year,the MSP ranges from$345 to$609/m^(3) with a±6%–9%range caused by the variations in feedstocks,key manufacturing parameters,capital and operating cost.The MSP decreases sig-nificantly along the increasing capacities.A sensitivity analysis exhibits that the lumber price,lumber preparing loss,plant capacity,and the installed costs of layering and gluing,finishing,and miscellaneous,are the top driving factors to CLT MSP.Supported by Geographic Information System,this study also studies the transportation cost of delivering CLT to customers under three CLT demanding levels(1%,5%,15%).The results show that the trans-portation cost is 1%–8%of the MSP.Lower demanding level or higher plant capacity can increase the transporta-tion cost due to average longer delivering distance.When considering the delivered cost that sums MSP and transportation cost,larger plant capacity does not necessarily generate lower delivered cost.

我国粮食最低收购价政策的效应及最低价预测

本文首先构建粮食最低收购价政策效应的评价指标体系模型,然后结合实施品种不同,利用固定效应回归分析方法分别对小麦和早稻这两个粮食品种的具体评价指标模型进行实证分析并进行相应比较,最后构建粮食最低收购价的VAR预测模型,并对小麦和早稻2017年的最低收购价进行预测.

中国粮食目标价格制度改革面临的困难及对策研究

改革开放以来,为促进粮食生产、稳定粮食价格,中国不断完善粮食价格支持政策。相对于粮食最低收购价政策,粮食目标价格制度更有利于减少粮食市场价格扭曲及财政负担,更有利于整个产业链的整合。从中国东北大豆、新疆棉花目标价格制度试点情况来看,粮食目标价格制度在实施过程中仍然面临一系列技术难题。应坚持市场化改革方向,审慎稳妥地推进粮食目标价格制度改革,确保农民利益优先,提升对基础数据等技术工作的重视程度,不断完善粮食目标价格制度。

人民币对外升值,对内贬值的研究

最近一个时期以来,人民币持续升值是我国经济金融领域最热门的话题之一。特别是2008年经济危机爆发以来,人民币的升值速度更是前所未有。而与此同时,我国国内的物价水平却持续攀升,使得人民币走入了对外升值,对内贬值的怪圈。利率的非市场化、收入分配不公等问题是导致这一现象的根本原因。推动国际金融体系向多元化方向发展。大力发展金融市场,引导资本向西部地区倾斜,改革收入分配及税收制度是解决这一矛盾的有效途径。

新一轮粮食价格改革:背景与方向

2004年,我国为解决粮食供应不足、农民种粮积极性不高的问题,出台了一系列强农惠农的政策,使得农民收入、粮食价格和产量不断提高。但是我国粮食价格在经历十年的持续增长后,2015年出现了价格转折,这主要是由粮食生产成本不断提高、粮食种植结构不合理以及国际粮价下跌等因素造成的。目前,在农业供给侧结构性改革的背景下,粮食价格政策亟需进行调整。其中,玉米收储制度改革则成为粮食价格改革的"试金石"。

印度食品管理制度演变、实施效果及对中国的启示

本文对印度食品管理制度的演变过程进行了详细梳理,考察了其实施情况、运行效果,探讨了印度食品管理制度实施的经验及其对中国的启示。研究表明,1965年建立的食品管理制度一直是印度农业政策的基石,50多年来已逐步演变成以最低支持价格为基础,缓冲库存、公开市场销售计划、目标公共分配制度等政策共同发挥作用的良性系统。该制度有效地提高了印度主要农产品产量和生产力,且对市场扭曲程度小,对农户生产决策行为没有影响。印度食品管理制度良性运行的关键在于“以需定储”“以本定价”以及多种政策的合理分工和有机结合。中国应借鉴印度的经验,把提高竞争力和提升生产效率作为农业支持政策的核心,并充分发挥市场竞争机制,提高粮食经营效率。