Source localization with minimum variance distortionless response for spherical microphone arrays

To improve localization accuracy, the spherical microphone arrays are used to capture high-order wavefield in- formation. For the far field sound sources, the array signal model is constructed based on plane wave decomposition. The spatial spectrum function is calculated by minimum variance distortionless response （MVDR） to scan the three-dimensional space. The peak values of the spectrum function correspond to the directions of multiple sound sources. A diagonal loading method is adopted to solve the ill-conditioned cross spectrum matrix of the received signals. The loading level depends on the alleviation of the ill-condition of the matrix and the accuracy of the inverse calculation. Compared with plane wave decomposition method, our proposed localization algorithm can acquire high spatial resolution and better estimation for multiple sound source directions, especially in low signal to noise ratio （SNR）.

Improved minimum variance distortionless response spectrum method for efficient and robust non-uniform undersampled frequency identification in blade tip timing

The noncontact blade tip timing(BTT)measurement has been an attractive technology for blade health monitoring(BHM).However,the severe undersampled BTT signal causes a significant challenge for blade vibration parameter identification and fault feature extraction.This study proposes a novel method based on the minimum variance distortionless response(MVDR)of the direction of arrival(DoA)estimation for blade natural frequency estimation from the non-uniformly undersampled BTT signals.First,based on the similarity between the general data acquisition model for BTT and the antenna array model in DoA estimation,the circumferentially arranged probes on the casing can be regarded as a non-uniform linear array.Thus,BTT signal reconstruction is converted into the DoA estimation problem of the non-uniform linear array signal.Second,MVDR is employed to address the severe undersampling issue and recover the BTT undersampled signal.In particular,spatial smoothing is innovatively utilized to enhance the estimation of covariance matrix of the BTT signal to avoid ill-condition or singularity,while improving efficiency and robustness.Lastly,numerical simulation and experimental testing are employed to verify the validity of the proposed method.Monte Carlo simulation results suggest that the proposed method behaves better than conventional methods,especially under a lower signal-to-noise ratio condition.Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively overcome the severe undersampling problem of BTT signal induced by physical limitations,and has a strong potential in the field of BHM.

Beamforming analysis based on CSB sin-FDA

This paper studies the adaptive beamforming algorithm based on the frequency diverse array(FDA)array where the interference is located at the same angle(but different range)with the target.We take the cross subarray-based FDA with sinusoidal frequency offset(CSB sin-FDA)as the receiving array instead of the basic FDA.The sampling covariance matrix under insufficient snapshot can be corrected by the automatic diagonal loading method.On the basis of decomposing the mismatched steering vector error into a vertical component and a parallel one,this paper searches the vertical component of the error by the quadratic constraint method.The numerical simulation verifies that the beamformer based on the CSB sin-FDA can effectively hold the mainlobe at the target position when the snapshot is insufficient or the steering vector is mismatched.

A parallel complex divider architecture based on DCD iterations for computing complex division in MVDR beamformer

This paper presents a hardware architecture using mixed pipeline and parallel processing for complex division based on dichotomous coordinate descent(DCD) iterations. The objective of the proposed work is to achieve low-latency and resource optimized complex divider architecture in adaptive weight computation stage of minimum variance distortionless response(MVDR)algorithm. In this work, computation of complex division is modeled as a 2×2 linear equation solution problem and the DCD algorithm allows linear systems of equations to be solved with high degree of computational efficiency. The operations in the existing DCD algorithm are suitably parallel pipelined and the performance is optimized to 2 clock cycles per iteration. To improve the degree of parallelism, a parallel column vector read architecture is devised.The proposed work is implemented on the field programmable gate array(FPGA) platform and the results are compared with state-of-art literature. It concludes that the proposed architecture is suitable for complex division in adaptive weight computation stage of MVDR beamformer. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed architecture for MVDR beamformer employed in medical ultrasound imaging applications.

An experimental study on matched field processing in shallow water

Matched field processing (MFP) is a generalized beamforming method which uses the spatial complexities of acoustic field in an ocean waveguide to localize sources in range, depth and azimuth or to infer parameters of the waveguide itself. In the paper, we present simulated and experimental results on narrow-band point source localization in shallow water by the matched field processing of a vertical array. Range-depth ambiguity surfaces are obtained by the spatial correlation of the incident field (modeled or realistic) with a modeled replica of that field. The simulated results indicate that a high-quality ambiguity surface can be obtained in case of perfect match between the 'true' environmental parameters and those used to compute the replica field. The effects of mismatches result in a degraded ambiguity surface and incorrect localization. Examples of localizations obtained with real sea test data are presented. It is shown that the conventional methods have better robustness than the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) based method. By employing the reduced minimum variance beamforming (RMVB), we can also get better results.