Named Entity Recognition(NER)stands as a fundamental task within the field of biomedical text mining,aiming to extract specific types of entities such as genes,proteins,and diseases from complex biomedical texts and c...Named Entity Recognition(NER)stands as a fundamental task within the field of biomedical text mining,aiming to extract specific types of entities such as genes,proteins,and diseases from complex biomedical texts and categorize them into predefined entity types.This process can provide basic support for the automatic construction of knowledge bases.In contrast to general texts,biomedical texts frequently contain numerous nested entities and local dependencies among these entities,presenting significant challenges to prevailing NER models.To address these issues,we propose a novel Chinese nested biomedical NER model based on RoBERTa and Global Pointer(RoBGP).Our model initially utilizes the RoBERTa-wwm-ext-large pretrained language model to dynamically generate word-level initial vectors.It then incorporates a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network for capturing bidirectional semantic information,effectively addressing the issue of long-distance dependencies.Furthermore,the Global Pointer model is employed to comprehensively recognize all nested entities in the text.We conduct extensive experiments on the Chinese medical dataset CMeEE and the results demonstrate the superior performance of RoBGP over several baseline models.This research confirms the effectiveness of RoBGP in Chinese biomedical NER,providing reliable technical support for biomedical information extraction and knowledge base construction.展开更多
Amplitudes have been found to be a function of incident angle and offset. Hence data required to test for amplitude variation with angle or offset needs to have its amplitudes for all offsets preserved and not stacked...Amplitudes have been found to be a function of incident angle and offset. Hence data required to test for amplitude variation with angle or offset needs to have its amplitudes for all offsets preserved and not stacked. Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO)/Amplitude Variation with Angle (AVA) is necessary to account for information in the offset/angle parameter (mode converted S-wave and P-wave velocities). Since amplitudes are a function of the converted S- and P-waves, it is important to investigate the dependence of amplitudes on the elastic (P- and S-waves) parameters from the seismic data. By modelling these effects for different reservoir fluids via fluid substitution, various AVO geobody classes present along the well and in the entire seismic cube can be observed. AVO analysis was performed on one test well (Well_1) and 3D pre-stack angle gathers from the Tano Basin. The analysis involves creating a synthetic model to infer the effect of offset scaling techniques on amplitude responses in the Tano basin as compared to the effect of unscaled seismic data. The spectral balance process was performed to match the amplitude spectra of all angle stacks to that of the mid (26°) stack on the test lines. The process had an effect primarily on the far (34° - 40°) stacks. The frequency content of these stacks slightly increased to match that of the near and mid stacks. In offset scaling process, the root mean square (RMS) amplitude comparison between the synthetic and seismic suggests that the amplitude of the far traces should be reduced relative to the nears by up to 16%. However, the exact scaler values depend on the time window considered. This suggests that the amplitude scaling with offset delivered from seismic processing is only approximately correct and needs to be checked with well synthetics and adjusted accordingly prior to use for AVO studies. The AVO attribute volumes generated were better at resolving anomalies on spectrally balanced and offset scaled data than data delivered from conventional processing. A typical class II AVO anomaly is seen along the test well from the cross-plot analysis and AVO attribute cube which indicates an oil filled reservoir.展开更多
The challenge of transitioning from temporary humanitarian settlements to more sustainable human settlements is due to a significant increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over recent decades, difficultie...The challenge of transitioning from temporary humanitarian settlements to more sustainable human settlements is due to a significant increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over recent decades, difficulties in providing social services that meet the required standards, and the prolongation of emergencies. Despite this challenging context, short-term considerations continue to guide their planning and management rather than more integrated, longer-term perspectives, thus preventing viable, sustainable development. Over the years, the design of humanitarian settlements has not been adapted to local contexts and perspectives, nor to the dynamics of urbanization and population growth and data. In addition, the current approach to temporary settlement harms the environment and can strain limited resources. Inefficient land use and ad hoc development models have compounded difficulties and generated new challenges. As a result, living conditions in settlements have deteriorated over the last few decades and continue to pose new challenges. The stakes are such that major shortcomings have emerged along the way, leading to disruption, budget overruns in a context marked by a steady decline in funding. However, some attempts have been made to shift towards more sustainable approaches, but these have mainly focused on vague, sector-oriented themes, failing to consider systematic and integration views. This study is a contribution in addressing these shortcomings by designing a model-driving solution, emphasizing an integrated system conceptualized as a system of systems. This paper proposes a new methodology for designing an integrated and sustainable human settlement model, based on Model-Based Systems Engineering and a Systems Modeling Language to provide valuable insights toward sustainable solutions for displaced populations aligning with the United Nations 2030 agenda for sustainable development.展开更多
To investigate the influences of different admixtures on the drying shrinkage of polymer mortar in a metakaolin base,the experiments of VAE(vinyl acetate ethylene copolymer),APAM(anionic polyacrylamide)and CPAM(cation...To investigate the influences of different admixtures on the drying shrinkage of polymer mortar in a metakaolin base,the experiments of VAE(vinyl acetate ethylene copolymer),APAM(anionic polyacrylamide)and CPAM(cationic polyacrylamide)on the drying shrinkage properties of geopolymer mortar were designed under normal temperature curing conditions.An SP-175 mortar shrinkage dilatometer was introduced to measure the dry shrinkage of geopolymer mortar.Meanwhile,the drying shrinkage properties of geopolymer mortar are exhibited by the parameters of water loss rate,drying shrinkage rate,drying shrinkage strain and drying shrinkage coefficient.The experimental data are further fitted to obtain the prediction model of dry shrinkage of geopolymer mortar,which can better reflect the relationship between dry shrinkage rate and time.Finally,the experimental results demonstrate that the dry shrinkage of geopolymer mortar can be significantly increased by adding 4%VAE admixture,meanwhile under the condition that the polymer film formed by VAE reaction can strengthen and toughen the mortar.2.5%APAM admixture and 1.5%CPAM admixture can enhance the dry shrinkage performance of geopolymer mortar in a certain range.展开更多
BACKGROUND The therapeutic effects of various stem cells in acute liver failure(ALF)have been demonstrated in preclinical studies.However,the specific type of stem cells with the highest therapeutic potential has not ...BACKGROUND The therapeutic effects of various stem cells in acute liver failure(ALF)have been demonstrated in preclinical studies.However,the specific type of stem cells with the highest therapeutic potential has not been determined.AIM To validate the efficacy of stem cells in ALF model and to identify the most promising stem cells.METHODS A search was conducted on the PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and Cochrane databases from inception to May 3,2022,and updated on November 16,2022 to identify relevant studies.Two independent reviewers performed the literature search,identification,screening,quality assessment,and data extraction.RESULTS A total of 89 animal studies were included in the analysis.The results of traditional meta-analysis showed that stem cell therapy could significantly reduce the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase[weighted mean difference(WMD)=-181.05(-191.71,-170.39)],aspartate aminotransferase[WMD=-309.04(-328.45,-289.63)],tumor necrosis factor-alpha[WMD=-8.75(-9.93,-7.56)],and interleukin-6[WMD=-10.43(-12.11,-8.76)]in animal models of ALF.Further subgroup analysis and network meta-analysis showed that although mesenchymal stem cells are the current research hotspot,the effect of liver stem cells(LSCs)on improving liver function is significantly better than that of the other five types of stem cells.In addition,the ranking results showed that the possibility of LSCs improving liver function ranked first.This fully proves the great therapeutic potential of LSCs,which needs to be paid more attention in the future.CONCLUSION LSCs may have a higher therapeutic potential.Further high-quality animal experiments are needed to explore the most effective stem cells for ALF.展开更多
This paper presents a Model-Based Design(MBD)approach for the design and control of a customized manipulator intended for drilling and position-ing of dental implants accurately with minimal human intervention.While p...This paper presents a Model-Based Design(MBD)approach for the design and control of a customized manipulator intended for drilling and position-ing of dental implants accurately with minimal human intervention.While performing an intra-oral surgery for a prolonged duration within a limited oral cavity,the tremor of dentist's hand is inevitable.As a result,wielding the drilling tool and inserting the dental implants safely in accurate position and orientation is highly challenging even for experienced dentists.Therefore,we introduce a customized manipulator that is designed ergonomically by taking in to account the dental chair specifications and anthropomorphic data such that it can be readily mounted onto the existing dental chair.The manipulator can be used to drill holes for dental inserts and position them with improved accuracy and safety.Further-more,a thorough multi-body motion analysis of the manipulator was carried out by creating a virtual prototype of the manipulator and simulating its controlled movements in various scenarios.The overall design was prepared and validated in simulation using Solid works,MATLAB and Simulink through Model Based Design(MBD)approach.The motion simulation results indicate that the manipulator could be built as a prototype readily.展开更多
Government credibility is an important asset of contemporary national governance, an important criterion for evaluating government legitimacy, and a key factor in measuring the effectiveness of government governance. ...Government credibility is an important asset of contemporary national governance, an important criterion for evaluating government legitimacy, and a key factor in measuring the effectiveness of government governance. In recent years, researchers’ research on government credibility has mostly focused on exploring theories and mechanisms, with little empirical research on this topic. This article intends to apply variable selection models in the field of social statistics to the issue of government credibility, in order to achieve empirical research on government credibility and explore its core influencing factors from a statistical perspective. Specifically, this article intends to use four regression-analysis-based methods and three random-forest-based methods to study the influencing factors of government credibility in various provinces in China, and compare the performance of these seven variable selection methods in different dimensions. The research results show that there are certain differences in simplicity, accuracy, and variable importance ranking among different variable selection methods, which present different importance in the study of government credibility issues. This study provides a methodological reference for variable selection models in the field of social science research, and also offers a multidimensional comparative perspective for analyzing the influencing factors of government credibility.展开更多
In the context of controlling population development in a planned way,China entered an aging society in the early 21 st century.In this context,how to meet the needs of the elderly care and form an effective elderly c...In the context of controlling population development in a planned way,China entered an aging society in the early 21 st century.In this context,how to meet the needs of the elderly care and form an effective elderly care model has become a key problem to be solved urgently by local government departments.With the continuous advancement of the elderly care policy,the community-based elderly care has gradually become the mainstream and is in the stage of vigorous promotion.Taking the Gannan old revolutionary base area in Jiangxi Province as an example,this study puts forward"1+4+X"community-based elderly care model based on the policy system of community-based elderly care,the physical and mental health of the elderly,the material space and the construction of evaluation system,and explores how to promote the application of this community model efficiently in the form of industrialization,so as to drive the economic growth of the Gannan old revolutionary base area,promote the employment development and improve the community-based elderly care service.展开更多
Objective:To summarize the precise association between pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) and P2x7 A1513 C gene polymorphism.Methods:PubMed and Google Scholar web-databases were searched for the studies reporting the associa...Objective:To summarize the precise association between pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) and P2x7 A1513 C gene polymorphism.Methods:PubMed and Google Scholar web-databases were searched for the studies reporting the association of P2x7 A1513 C polymorphism and PTB risk.A meta-analysis was performed for the selected case-control studies and pooled odds ratios(ORs) and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs) were calculated for all the genetic models.Results:Eleven studies comprising 2 678 controls and 2 113 PTB cases were included in this meta-analysis.We observed overall no significant risk in all the five genetic models.When stratified population by the ethnicity,Caucasian population failed to show any risk of PTB in all the genetics models.In Asian ethnicity,variant allele(C vs.A:P=0.001;QR=1.375,95%CI=1.159-1.632) and heterozygous genotype(AC vs.AA:P=0.001;OR=1.570,95%CI=1.269-1.944) demonstrated significant increased risk of PTB.Likewise,recessive genetic model(CC+AC vs.AA:P=0.001;OR=1.540,95%CI= 1.255-1.890) also demonstrated increased risk of PTB in Asians.Conclusions:Our meta-analysis did not suggest the association of P2x7 A1513 C polymorphism with PTB risk in overall or separately in Caucasian population.However,it plays a significant risk factor for predisposing PTB in Asians.Future larger sample and expression studies are needed to validate this association.展开更多
With the aid of multi-agent based modeling approach to complex systems, the hierarchy simulation models of carrier-based aircraft catapult launch are developed. Ocean, carrier, aircraft, and atmosphere are treated as ...With the aid of multi-agent based modeling approach to complex systems, the hierarchy simulation models of carrier-based aircraft catapult launch are developed. Ocean, carrier, aircraft, and atmosphere are treated as aggregation agents, the detailed components like catapult, landing gears, and disturbances are considered as meta-agents, which belong to their aggregation agent. Thus, the model with two layers is formed i.e. the aggregation agent layer and the meta-agent layer. The information communication among all agents is described. The meta-agents within one aggregation agent communicate with each other directly by information sharing, but the meta-agents, which belong to different aggregation agents exchange their information through the aggregation layer first, and then perceive it from the sharing environment, that is the aggregation agent. Thus, not only the hierarchy model is built, but also the environment perceived by each agent is specified. Meanwhile, the problem of balancing the independency of agent and the resource consumption brought by real-time communication within multi-agent system (MAS) is resolved. Each agent involved in carrier-based aircraft catapult launch is depicted, with considering the interaction within disturbed atmospheric environment and multiple motion bodies including carrier, aircraft, and landing gears. The models of reactive agents among them are derived based on tensors, and the perceived messages and inner frameworks of each agent are characterized. Finally, some results of a simulation instance are given. The simulation and modeling of dynamic system based on multi-agent system is of benefit to express physical concepts and logical hierarchy clearly and precisely. The system model can easily draw in kinds of other agents to achieve a precise simulation of more complex system. This modeling technique makes the complex integral dynamic equations of multibodies decompose into parallel operations of single agent, and it is convenient to expand, maintain, and reuse the program codes.展开更多
Activity based costing (ABC) is a method which can solve many limitations of the traditional cost systems in manufacturing management. In this paper, we investigate how to integrate ABC with workflow technology, and ...Activity based costing (ABC) is a method which can solve many limitations of the traditional cost systems in manufacturing management. In this paper, we investigate how to integrate ABC with workflow technology, and build a workflow meta model supporting ABC. Firstly, the concept and concept model of activity based costing (ABC) are introduced. Next, the meta model of P -PROCE (Process, Product, Resource, Organization, and Cost & Evaluation) is presented. Then the cost meta model is defined by adding ABC to P -PROCE model. Object constraint language (OCL) is used to express meta model and constraints. Finally, we show an enterprise modeling and simulation tool based on the workflow meta model. We can systematically construct an enterprise model and easily and efficiently conduct simulation. Moreover it enables us to analyze and evaluate business processes and its costs.展开更多
Currently,there is no cure for traumatic spinal co rd injury but one therapeutic approach showing promise is gene therapy.In this systematic review and meta-analysis,we aim to assess the efficacy of gene therapies in ...Currently,there is no cure for traumatic spinal co rd injury but one therapeutic approach showing promise is gene therapy.In this systematic review and meta-analysis,we aim to assess the efficacy of gene therapies in pre-clinical models of spinal cord injury and the risk of bias.In this metaanalysis,registe red at PROSPERO(Registration ID:CRD42020185008),we identified relevant controlled in vivo studies published in English by searching the PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase databases.No restrictions of the year of publication were applied and the last literature search was conducted on August 3,2020.We then conducted a random-effects meta-analysis using the restricted maximum likelihood estimator.A total of 71 studies met our inclusion crite ria and were included in the systematic review.Our results showed that overall,gene therapies were associated with improvements in locomotor score(standardized mean difference[SMD]:2.07,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.68-2.47,Tau^(2)=2.13,I^(2)=83.6%)and axonal regrowth(SMD:2.78,95%CI:1.92-3.65,Tau^(2)=4.13,I^(2)=85.5%).There was significant asymmetry in the funnel plots of both outcome measures indicating the presence of publication bias.We used a modified CAMARADES(Collaborative Approach to M eta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data in Experimental Studies)checklist to assess the risk of bias,finding that the median score was 4(IQR:3-5).In particula r,reports of allocation concealment and sample size calculations were lacking.In conclusion,gene therapies are showing promise as therapies for spinal co rd injury repair,but there is no consensus on which gene or genes should be targeted.展开更多
The study aims to investigate the financial technology(FinTech)factors influencing Chinese banking performance.Financial expectations and global realities may be changed by FinTech’s multidimensional scope,which is l...The study aims to investigate the financial technology(FinTech)factors influencing Chinese banking performance.Financial expectations and global realities may be changed by FinTech’s multidimensional scope,which is lacking in the traditional financial sector.The use of technology to automate financial services is becoming more important for economic organizations and industries because the digital age has seen a period of transition in terms of consumers and personalization.The future of FinTech will be shaped by technologies like the Internet of Things,blockchain,and artificial intelligence.The involvement of these platforms in financial services is a major concern for global business growth.FinTech is becoming more popular with customers because of such benefits.FinTech has driven a fundamental change within the financial services industry,placing the client at the center of everything.Protection has become a primary focus since data are a component of FinTech transactions.The task of consolidating research reports for consensus is very manual,as there is no standardized format.Although existing research has proposed certain methods,they have certain drawbacks in FinTech payment systems(including cryptocurrencies),credit markets(including peer-to-peer lending),and insurance systems.This paper implements blockchainbased financial technology for the banking sector to overcome these transition issues.In this study,we have proposed an adaptive neuro-fuzzy-based K-nearest neighbors’algorithm.The chaotic improved foraging optimization algorithm is used to optimize the proposed method.The rolling window autoregressive lag modeling approach analyzes FinTech growth.The proposed algorithm is compared with existing approaches to demonstrate its efficiency.The findings showed that it achieved 91%accuracy,90%privacy,96%robustness,and 25%cyber-risk performance.Compared with traditional approaches,the recommended strategy will be more convenient,safe,and effective in the transition period.展开更多
The aim of the present study was to investigate virtual population pharmacokinetic using physiologically based pharmacokinetic(PBPK) model for evaluating bioequivalence of oral lacidipine formulations in dogs. The dis...The aim of the present study was to investigate virtual population pharmacokinetic using physiologically based pharmacokinetic(PBPK) model for evaluating bioequivalence of oral lacidipine formulations in dogs. The dissolution behaviors of three lacidipine formulations including one commercial product and two self-made amorphous solid dispersions(ASDs)capsules were determined in 0.07% Tween 80 media. A randomized 3-period crossover design in 6 healthy beagle dogs after oral administration of the three formulations at a single dose of 4 mg was conducted. The PBPK modeling was utilized for the virtual bioequivalence study.In vitro dissolution experiment showed that the dissolution behaviors of lacidipine amorphous solid dispersions(ASDs) capsules, which was respectively prepared by HPMC-E5 or Soluplus, as polymer displayed similar curves compared with the reference formulation in 0.07% Tween 80 media. In vivo pharmacokinetics experiments showed that three formulations had comparable maximum plasma drug concentration(Cmax), and the time(Tmax) to reach Cmax of lacidipine tablet, which was prepared by Soluplus, as polymer was slower than other two formulations in consistency with the in vitro dissolution rate. The 90% confidence interval(CI) for the Cmax, AUC0–24 h and AUC0–∞ of the ratio of the test drug to the reference drug exceeded the acceptable bioequivalence(BE) limits(0.80–1.25). However, the 90% CI of the AUC0–24 h, AUC0–∞ and Cmax of the ratio of test to reference drug were within the BE limit,calculated using PBPK modeling when the virtual subjects reached 24 dogs. The results all demonstrated that virtual bioequivalence study can overcome the inequivalence caused by inter-subject variability of the 6 beagle dogs involved in in vivo experiments.展开更多
This paper proposes an approach of developing the feature based parametric product modeling system which is suitable for integrated engineering design in CIMS environment.The architecture of ZD--MCADII and the charact...This paper proposes an approach of developing the feature based parametric product modeling system which is suitable for integrated engineering design in CIMS environment.The architecture of ZD--MCADII and the characteristics of its each module are introduced in detail. ZD--MCADII’s product data is managed by an object--oriented database management system OSCAR, and the product model is built according to the standard STEP. The product design is established on a unified product model, and all the product data are globally associated in ZD--MCADII. ZD--MCADII provides various design features to facilitate the product design, and supports the integrity of CAD, CAPP and CAM.展开更多
This paper presents a disturbance observer based control strategy for four wheel steering systems in order to improve vehicle handling stability. By combination of feedforward control and feedback control, the front a...This paper presents a disturbance observer based control strategy for four wheel steering systems in order to improve vehicle handling stability. By combination of feedforward control and feedback control, the front and rear wheel steering angles are controlled simultaneously to follow both the desired sideslip angle and the yaw rate of the reference vehicle model.A nonlinear three degree-of-freedom four wheel steering vehicle model containing lateral, yaw and roll motions is built up, which also takes the dynamic effects of crosswind into consideration.The disturbance observer based control method is provided to cope with ignored nonlinear dynamics and to handle exogenous disturbances. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out,which shows that the proposed four wheel steering vehicle can guarantee handling stability and present strong robustness against external disturbances.展开更多
An improved approach for J-value segmentation (JSEG) is presented for unsupervised color image segmentation. Instead of color quantization algorithm, an automatic classification method based on adaptive mean shift ...An improved approach for J-value segmentation (JSEG) is presented for unsupervised color image segmentation. Instead of color quantization algorithm, an automatic classification method based on adaptive mean shift (AMS) based clustering is used for nonparametric clustering of image data set. The clustering results are used to construct Gaussian mixture modelling (GMM) of image data for the calculation of soft J value. The region growing algorithm used in JSEG is then applied in segmenting the image based on the multiscale soft J-images. Experiments show that the synergism of JSEG and the soft classification based on AMS based clustering and GMM overcomes the limitations of JSEG successfully and is more robust.展开更多
Model based control schemes use the inverse dynamics of the robot arm to produce the main torque component necessary for trajectory tracking. For model-based controller one is required to know the model parameters acc...Model based control schemes use the inverse dynamics of the robot arm to produce the main torque component necessary for trajectory tracking. For model-based controller one is required to know the model parameters accurately. This is a very difficult task especially if the manipulator is flexible. So a reduced model based controller has been developed, which requires only the information of space robot base velocity and link parameters. The flexible link is modeled as Euler Bernoulli beam. To simplify the analysis we have considered Jacobian of rigid manipulator. Bond graph modeling is used to model the dynamics of the system and to devise the control strategy. The scheme has been verified using simulation for two links flexible space manipulator.展开更多
This study firstly improved the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedast model for the issue that financial product sales data have singular information when applying this model, and the improved outlier d...This study firstly improved the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedast model for the issue that financial product sales data have singular information when applying this model, and the improved outlier detection method was used to detect the location of outliers, which were processed by the iterative method. Secondly, in order to describe the peak and fat tail of the financial time series, as well as the leverage effect, this work used the skewed-t Asymmetric Power Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity model based on the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model to analyze the sales data. Empirical analysis showed that the model considering the skewed distribution is effective.展开更多
Purpose: The main goal of this study is to outline and analyze the Danish adoption and translation of the Norwegian Publication Indicator. Design/methodology/approach: The study takes the form of a policy analysis mai...Purpose: The main goal of this study is to outline and analyze the Danish adoption and translation of the Norwegian Publication Indicator. Design/methodology/approach: The study takes the form of a policy analysis mainly drawing on document analysis of policy papers, previously published studies and grey literature. Findings: The study highlights a number of crucial factors that relate both to the Danish process and to the final Danish result underscoring that the Danish BFI model is indeed a quite different system than its Norwegian counterpart. One consequence of these process-and design differences is the fact that the broader legitimacy of the Danish BFI today appears to be quite poor. Reasons for this include: unclear and shifting objectives throughout the process; limited willingness to take ownership of the model among stakeholders; lack of communication throughout the implementation process and an apparent underestimation of the challenges associated with the use of bibliometric indicators. Research limitation: The conclusions of the study are based on the authors’ interpretation of a long drawn and complex process with many different stakeholders involved. The format of this article does not allow for a detailed documentation of all elements, but further details can be provided upon request. Practical implications: The analysis may feed into current policy discussions on the future of the Danish BFI. Originality/value: Some elements of the present analysis have previously been published in Danish outlets, but this article represents the first publication on this issue targeting a broader international audience.展开更多
基金supported by the Outstanding Youth Team Project of Central Universities(QNTD202308)the Ant Group through CCF-Ant Research Fund(CCF-AFSG 769498 RF20220214).
文摘Named Entity Recognition(NER)stands as a fundamental task within the field of biomedical text mining,aiming to extract specific types of entities such as genes,proteins,and diseases from complex biomedical texts and categorize them into predefined entity types.This process can provide basic support for the automatic construction of knowledge bases.In contrast to general texts,biomedical texts frequently contain numerous nested entities and local dependencies among these entities,presenting significant challenges to prevailing NER models.To address these issues,we propose a novel Chinese nested biomedical NER model based on RoBERTa and Global Pointer(RoBGP).Our model initially utilizes the RoBERTa-wwm-ext-large pretrained language model to dynamically generate word-level initial vectors.It then incorporates a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network for capturing bidirectional semantic information,effectively addressing the issue of long-distance dependencies.Furthermore,the Global Pointer model is employed to comprehensively recognize all nested entities in the text.We conduct extensive experiments on the Chinese medical dataset CMeEE and the results demonstrate the superior performance of RoBGP over several baseline models.This research confirms the effectiveness of RoBGP in Chinese biomedical NER,providing reliable technical support for biomedical information extraction and knowledge base construction.
文摘Amplitudes have been found to be a function of incident angle and offset. Hence data required to test for amplitude variation with angle or offset needs to have its amplitudes for all offsets preserved and not stacked. Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO)/Amplitude Variation with Angle (AVA) is necessary to account for information in the offset/angle parameter (mode converted S-wave and P-wave velocities). Since amplitudes are a function of the converted S- and P-waves, it is important to investigate the dependence of amplitudes on the elastic (P- and S-waves) parameters from the seismic data. By modelling these effects for different reservoir fluids via fluid substitution, various AVO geobody classes present along the well and in the entire seismic cube can be observed. AVO analysis was performed on one test well (Well_1) and 3D pre-stack angle gathers from the Tano Basin. The analysis involves creating a synthetic model to infer the effect of offset scaling techniques on amplitude responses in the Tano basin as compared to the effect of unscaled seismic data. The spectral balance process was performed to match the amplitude spectra of all angle stacks to that of the mid (26°) stack on the test lines. The process had an effect primarily on the far (34° - 40°) stacks. The frequency content of these stacks slightly increased to match that of the near and mid stacks. In offset scaling process, the root mean square (RMS) amplitude comparison between the synthetic and seismic suggests that the amplitude of the far traces should be reduced relative to the nears by up to 16%. However, the exact scaler values depend on the time window considered. This suggests that the amplitude scaling with offset delivered from seismic processing is only approximately correct and needs to be checked with well synthetics and adjusted accordingly prior to use for AVO studies. The AVO attribute volumes generated were better at resolving anomalies on spectrally balanced and offset scaled data than data delivered from conventional processing. A typical class II AVO anomaly is seen along the test well from the cross-plot analysis and AVO attribute cube which indicates an oil filled reservoir.
文摘The challenge of transitioning from temporary humanitarian settlements to more sustainable human settlements is due to a significant increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over recent decades, difficulties in providing social services that meet the required standards, and the prolongation of emergencies. Despite this challenging context, short-term considerations continue to guide their planning and management rather than more integrated, longer-term perspectives, thus preventing viable, sustainable development. Over the years, the design of humanitarian settlements has not been adapted to local contexts and perspectives, nor to the dynamics of urbanization and population growth and data. In addition, the current approach to temporary settlement harms the environment and can strain limited resources. Inefficient land use and ad hoc development models have compounded difficulties and generated new challenges. As a result, living conditions in settlements have deteriorated over the last few decades and continue to pose new challenges. The stakes are such that major shortcomings have emerged along the way, leading to disruption, budget overruns in a context marked by a steady decline in funding. However, some attempts have been made to shift towards more sustainable approaches, but these have mainly focused on vague, sector-oriented themes, failing to consider systematic and integration views. This study is a contribution in addressing these shortcomings by designing a model-driving solution, emphasizing an integrated system conceptualized as a system of systems. This paper proposes a new methodology for designing an integrated and sustainable human settlement model, based on Model-Based Systems Engineering and a Systems Modeling Language to provide valuable insights toward sustainable solutions for displaced populations aligning with the United Nations 2030 agenda for sustainable development.
基金Funded by the the Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Basic Research Plan(No.2021JQ-471)the Natural Science Project of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(No.21JK0802)。
文摘To investigate the influences of different admixtures on the drying shrinkage of polymer mortar in a metakaolin base,the experiments of VAE(vinyl acetate ethylene copolymer),APAM(anionic polyacrylamide)and CPAM(cationic polyacrylamide)on the drying shrinkage properties of geopolymer mortar were designed under normal temperature curing conditions.An SP-175 mortar shrinkage dilatometer was introduced to measure the dry shrinkage of geopolymer mortar.Meanwhile,the drying shrinkage properties of geopolymer mortar are exhibited by the parameters of water loss rate,drying shrinkage rate,drying shrinkage strain and drying shrinkage coefficient.The experimental data are further fitted to obtain the prediction model of dry shrinkage of geopolymer mortar,which can better reflect the relationship between dry shrinkage rate and time.Finally,the experimental results demonstrate that the dry shrinkage of geopolymer mortar can be significantly increased by adding 4%VAE admixture,meanwhile under the condition that the polymer film formed by VAE reaction can strengthen and toughen the mortar.2.5%APAM admixture and 1.5%CPAM admixture can enhance the dry shrinkage performance of geopolymer mortar in a certain range.
文摘BACKGROUND The therapeutic effects of various stem cells in acute liver failure(ALF)have been demonstrated in preclinical studies.However,the specific type of stem cells with the highest therapeutic potential has not been determined.AIM To validate the efficacy of stem cells in ALF model and to identify the most promising stem cells.METHODS A search was conducted on the PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and Cochrane databases from inception to May 3,2022,and updated on November 16,2022 to identify relevant studies.Two independent reviewers performed the literature search,identification,screening,quality assessment,and data extraction.RESULTS A total of 89 animal studies were included in the analysis.The results of traditional meta-analysis showed that stem cell therapy could significantly reduce the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase[weighted mean difference(WMD)=-181.05(-191.71,-170.39)],aspartate aminotransferase[WMD=-309.04(-328.45,-289.63)],tumor necrosis factor-alpha[WMD=-8.75(-9.93,-7.56)],and interleukin-6[WMD=-10.43(-12.11,-8.76)]in animal models of ALF.Further subgroup analysis and network meta-analysis showed that although mesenchymal stem cells are the current research hotspot,the effect of liver stem cells(LSCs)on improving liver function is significantly better than that of the other five types of stem cells.In addition,the ranking results showed that the possibility of LSCs improving liver function ranked first.This fully proves the great therapeutic potential of LSCs,which needs to be paid more attention in the future.CONCLUSION LSCs may have a higher therapeutic potential.Further high-quality animal experiments are needed to explore the most effective stem cells for ALF.
文摘This paper presents a Model-Based Design(MBD)approach for the design and control of a customized manipulator intended for drilling and position-ing of dental implants accurately with minimal human intervention.While performing an intra-oral surgery for a prolonged duration within a limited oral cavity,the tremor of dentist's hand is inevitable.As a result,wielding the drilling tool and inserting the dental implants safely in accurate position and orientation is highly challenging even for experienced dentists.Therefore,we introduce a customized manipulator that is designed ergonomically by taking in to account the dental chair specifications and anthropomorphic data such that it can be readily mounted onto the existing dental chair.The manipulator can be used to drill holes for dental inserts and position them with improved accuracy and safety.Further-more,a thorough multi-body motion analysis of the manipulator was carried out by creating a virtual prototype of the manipulator and simulating its controlled movements in various scenarios.The overall design was prepared and validated in simulation using Solid works,MATLAB and Simulink through Model Based Design(MBD)approach.The motion simulation results indicate that the manipulator could be built as a prototype readily.
文摘Government credibility is an important asset of contemporary national governance, an important criterion for evaluating government legitimacy, and a key factor in measuring the effectiveness of government governance. In recent years, researchers’ research on government credibility has mostly focused on exploring theories and mechanisms, with little empirical research on this topic. This article intends to apply variable selection models in the field of social statistics to the issue of government credibility, in order to achieve empirical research on government credibility and explore its core influencing factors from a statistical perspective. Specifically, this article intends to use four regression-analysis-based methods and three random-forest-based methods to study the influencing factors of government credibility in various provinces in China, and compare the performance of these seven variable selection methods in different dimensions. The research results show that there are certain differences in simplicity, accuracy, and variable importance ranking among different variable selection methods, which present different importance in the study of government credibility issues. This study provides a methodological reference for variable selection models in the field of social science research, and also offers a multidimensional comparative perspective for analyzing the influencing factors of government credibility.
文摘In the context of controlling population development in a planned way,China entered an aging society in the early 21 st century.In this context,how to meet the needs of the elderly care and form an effective elderly care model has become a key problem to be solved urgently by local government departments.With the continuous advancement of the elderly care policy,the community-based elderly care has gradually become the mainstream and is in the stage of vigorous promotion.Taking the Gannan old revolutionary base area in Jiangxi Province as an example,this study puts forward"1+4+X"community-based elderly care model based on the policy system of community-based elderly care,the physical and mental health of the elderly,the material space and the construction of evaluation system,and explores how to promote the application of this community model efficiently in the form of industrialization,so as to drive the economic growth of the Gannan old revolutionary base area,promote the employment development and improve the community-based elderly care service.
文摘Objective:To summarize the precise association between pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) and P2x7 A1513 C gene polymorphism.Methods:PubMed and Google Scholar web-databases were searched for the studies reporting the association of P2x7 A1513 C polymorphism and PTB risk.A meta-analysis was performed for the selected case-control studies and pooled odds ratios(ORs) and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs) were calculated for all the genetic models.Results:Eleven studies comprising 2 678 controls and 2 113 PTB cases were included in this meta-analysis.We observed overall no significant risk in all the five genetic models.When stratified population by the ethnicity,Caucasian population failed to show any risk of PTB in all the genetics models.In Asian ethnicity,variant allele(C vs.A:P=0.001;QR=1.375,95%CI=1.159-1.632) and heterozygous genotype(AC vs.AA:P=0.001;OR=1.570,95%CI=1.269-1.944) demonstrated significant increased risk of PTB.Likewise,recessive genetic model(CC+AC vs.AA:P=0.001;OR=1.540,95%CI= 1.255-1.890) also demonstrated increased risk of PTB in Asians.Conclusions:Our meta-analysis did not suggest the association of P2x7 A1513 C polymorphism with PTB risk in overall or separately in Caucasian population.However,it plays a significant risk factor for predisposing PTB in Asians.Future larger sample and expression studies are needed to validate this association.
基金Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (2006ZA51004)
文摘With the aid of multi-agent based modeling approach to complex systems, the hierarchy simulation models of carrier-based aircraft catapult launch are developed. Ocean, carrier, aircraft, and atmosphere are treated as aggregation agents, the detailed components like catapult, landing gears, and disturbances are considered as meta-agents, which belong to their aggregation agent. Thus, the model with two layers is formed i.e. the aggregation agent layer and the meta-agent layer. The information communication among all agents is described. The meta-agents within one aggregation agent communicate with each other directly by information sharing, but the meta-agents, which belong to different aggregation agents exchange their information through the aggregation layer first, and then perceive it from the sharing environment, that is the aggregation agent. Thus, not only the hierarchy model is built, but also the environment perceived by each agent is specified. Meanwhile, the problem of balancing the independency of agent and the resource consumption brought by real-time communication within multi-agent system (MAS) is resolved. Each agent involved in carrier-based aircraft catapult launch is depicted, with considering the interaction within disturbed atmospheric environment and multiple motion bodies including carrier, aircraft, and landing gears. The models of reactive agents among them are derived based on tensors, and the perceived messages and inner frameworks of each agent are characterized. Finally, some results of a simulation instance are given. The simulation and modeling of dynamic system based on multi-agent system is of benefit to express physical concepts and logical hierarchy clearly and precisely. The system model can easily draw in kinds of other agents to achieve a precise simulation of more complex system. This modeling technique makes the complex integral dynamic equations of multibodies decompose into parallel operations of single agent, and it is convenient to expand, maintain, and reuse the program codes.
文摘Activity based costing (ABC) is a method which can solve many limitations of the traditional cost systems in manufacturing management. In this paper, we investigate how to integrate ABC with workflow technology, and build a workflow meta model supporting ABC. Firstly, the concept and concept model of activity based costing (ABC) are introduced. Next, the meta model of P -PROCE (Process, Product, Resource, Organization, and Cost & Evaluation) is presented. Then the cost meta model is defined by adding ABC to P -PROCE model. Object constraint language (OCL) is used to express meta model and constraints. Finally, we show an enterprise modeling and simulation tool based on the workflow meta model. We can systematically construct an enterprise model and easily and efficiently conduct simulation. Moreover it enables us to analyze and evaluate business processes and its costs.
基金supported by Scottish Rugby Union,Graham and Pam Dixon,Medical Research Scotland,University of Aberdeen HOTSTART Scholarship Programme(to WH)。
文摘Currently,there is no cure for traumatic spinal co rd injury but one therapeutic approach showing promise is gene therapy.In this systematic review and meta-analysis,we aim to assess the efficacy of gene therapies in pre-clinical models of spinal cord injury and the risk of bias.In this metaanalysis,registe red at PROSPERO(Registration ID:CRD42020185008),we identified relevant controlled in vivo studies published in English by searching the PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase databases.No restrictions of the year of publication were applied and the last literature search was conducted on August 3,2020.We then conducted a random-effects meta-analysis using the restricted maximum likelihood estimator.A total of 71 studies met our inclusion crite ria and were included in the systematic review.Our results showed that overall,gene therapies were associated with improvements in locomotor score(standardized mean difference[SMD]:2.07,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.68-2.47,Tau^(2)=2.13,I^(2)=83.6%)and axonal regrowth(SMD:2.78,95%CI:1.92-3.65,Tau^(2)=4.13,I^(2)=85.5%).There was significant asymmetry in the funnel plots of both outcome measures indicating the presence of publication bias.We used a modified CAMARADES(Collaborative Approach to M eta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data in Experimental Studies)checklist to assess the risk of bias,finding that the median score was 4(IQR:3-5).In particula r,reports of allocation concealment and sample size calculations were lacking.In conclusion,gene therapies are showing promise as therapies for spinal co rd injury repair,but there is no consensus on which gene or genes should be targeted.
基金from funding agencies in the public,commercial,or not-for-profit sectors.
文摘The study aims to investigate the financial technology(FinTech)factors influencing Chinese banking performance.Financial expectations and global realities may be changed by FinTech’s multidimensional scope,which is lacking in the traditional financial sector.The use of technology to automate financial services is becoming more important for economic organizations and industries because the digital age has seen a period of transition in terms of consumers and personalization.The future of FinTech will be shaped by technologies like the Internet of Things,blockchain,and artificial intelligence.The involvement of these platforms in financial services is a major concern for global business growth.FinTech is becoming more popular with customers because of such benefits.FinTech has driven a fundamental change within the financial services industry,placing the client at the center of everything.Protection has become a primary focus since data are a component of FinTech transactions.The task of consolidating research reports for consensus is very manual,as there is no standardized format.Although existing research has proposed certain methods,they have certain drawbacks in FinTech payment systems(including cryptocurrencies),credit markets(including peer-to-peer lending),and insurance systems.This paper implements blockchainbased financial technology for the banking sector to overcome these transition issues.In this study,we have proposed an adaptive neuro-fuzzy-based K-nearest neighbors’algorithm.The chaotic improved foraging optimization algorithm is used to optimize the proposed method.The rolling window autoregressive lag modeling approach analyzes FinTech growth.The proposed algorithm is compared with existing approaches to demonstrate its efficiency.The findings showed that it achieved 91%accuracy,90%privacy,96%robustness,and 25%cyber-risk performance.Compared with traditional approaches,the recommended strategy will be more convenient,safe,and effective in the transition period.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81173009)the Technology Bureau in Shenyang (No. ZCJJ2013402)the Project for New Century Excellent Talents of Ministry of Education (No. NCET-12-1015)
文摘The aim of the present study was to investigate virtual population pharmacokinetic using physiologically based pharmacokinetic(PBPK) model for evaluating bioequivalence of oral lacidipine formulations in dogs. The dissolution behaviors of three lacidipine formulations including one commercial product and two self-made amorphous solid dispersions(ASDs)capsules were determined in 0.07% Tween 80 media. A randomized 3-period crossover design in 6 healthy beagle dogs after oral administration of the three formulations at a single dose of 4 mg was conducted. The PBPK modeling was utilized for the virtual bioequivalence study.In vitro dissolution experiment showed that the dissolution behaviors of lacidipine amorphous solid dispersions(ASDs) capsules, which was respectively prepared by HPMC-E5 or Soluplus, as polymer displayed similar curves compared with the reference formulation in 0.07% Tween 80 media. In vivo pharmacokinetics experiments showed that three formulations had comparable maximum plasma drug concentration(Cmax), and the time(Tmax) to reach Cmax of lacidipine tablet, which was prepared by Soluplus, as polymer was slower than other two formulations in consistency with the in vitro dissolution rate. The 90% confidence interval(CI) for the Cmax, AUC0–24 h and AUC0–∞ of the ratio of the test drug to the reference drug exceeded the acceptable bioequivalence(BE) limits(0.80–1.25). However, the 90% CI of the AUC0–24 h, AUC0–∞ and Cmax of the ratio of test to reference drug were within the BE limit,calculated using PBPK modeling when the virtual subjects reached 24 dogs. The results all demonstrated that virtual bioequivalence study can overcome the inequivalence caused by inter-subject variability of the 6 beagle dogs involved in in vivo experiments.
文摘This paper proposes an approach of developing the feature based parametric product modeling system which is suitable for integrated engineering design in CIMS environment.The architecture of ZD--MCADII and the characteristics of its each module are introduced in detail. ZD--MCADII’s product data is managed by an object--oriented database management system OSCAR, and the product model is built according to the standard STEP. The product design is established on a unified product model, and all the product data are globally associated in ZD--MCADII. ZD--MCADII provides various design features to facilitate the product design, and supports the integrity of CAD, CAPP and CAM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61573165,61520106008,61703178)
文摘This paper presents a disturbance observer based control strategy for four wheel steering systems in order to improve vehicle handling stability. By combination of feedforward control and feedback control, the front and rear wheel steering angles are controlled simultaneously to follow both the desired sideslip angle and the yaw rate of the reference vehicle model.A nonlinear three degree-of-freedom four wheel steering vehicle model containing lateral, yaw and roll motions is built up, which also takes the dynamic effects of crosswind into consideration.The disturbance observer based control method is provided to cope with ignored nonlinear dynamics and to handle exogenous disturbances. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out,which shows that the proposed four wheel steering vehicle can guarantee handling stability and present strong robustness against external disturbances.
文摘An improved approach for J-value segmentation (JSEG) is presented for unsupervised color image segmentation. Instead of color quantization algorithm, an automatic classification method based on adaptive mean shift (AMS) based clustering is used for nonparametric clustering of image data set. The clustering results are used to construct Gaussian mixture modelling (GMM) of image data for the calculation of soft J value. The region growing algorithm used in JSEG is then applied in segmenting the image based on the multiscale soft J-images. Experiments show that the synergism of JSEG and the soft classification based on AMS based clustering and GMM overcomes the limitations of JSEG successfully and is more robust.
文摘Model based control schemes use the inverse dynamics of the robot arm to produce the main torque component necessary for trajectory tracking. For model-based controller one is required to know the model parameters accurately. This is a very difficult task especially if the manipulator is flexible. So a reduced model based controller has been developed, which requires only the information of space robot base velocity and link parameters. The flexible link is modeled as Euler Bernoulli beam. To simplify the analysis we have considered Jacobian of rigid manipulator. Bond graph modeling is used to model the dynamics of the system and to devise the control strategy. The scheme has been verified using simulation for two links flexible space manipulator.
文摘This study firstly improved the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedast model for the issue that financial product sales data have singular information when applying this model, and the improved outlier detection method was used to detect the location of outliers, which were processed by the iterative method. Secondly, in order to describe the peak and fat tail of the financial time series, as well as the leverage effect, this work used the skewed-t Asymmetric Power Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity model based on the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model to analyze the sales data. Empirical analysis showed that the model considering the skewed distribution is effective.
文摘Purpose: The main goal of this study is to outline and analyze the Danish adoption and translation of the Norwegian Publication Indicator. Design/methodology/approach: The study takes the form of a policy analysis mainly drawing on document analysis of policy papers, previously published studies and grey literature. Findings: The study highlights a number of crucial factors that relate both to the Danish process and to the final Danish result underscoring that the Danish BFI model is indeed a quite different system than its Norwegian counterpart. One consequence of these process-and design differences is the fact that the broader legitimacy of the Danish BFI today appears to be quite poor. Reasons for this include: unclear and shifting objectives throughout the process; limited willingness to take ownership of the model among stakeholders; lack of communication throughout the implementation process and an apparent underestimation of the challenges associated with the use of bibliometric indicators. Research limitation: The conclusions of the study are based on the authors’ interpretation of a long drawn and complex process with many different stakeholders involved. The format of this article does not allow for a detailed documentation of all elements, but further details can be provided upon request. Practical implications: The analysis may feed into current policy discussions on the future of the Danish BFI. Originality/value: Some elements of the present analysis have previously been published in Danish outlets, but this article represents the first publication on this issue targeting a broader international audience.