Optimizing a Transportation System Using Metaheuristics Approaches (EGD/GA/ACO): A Forest Vehicle Routing Case Study

The large-scale optimization problem requires some optimization techniques, and the Metaheuristics approach is highly useful for solving difficult optimization problems in practice. The purpose of the research is to optimize the transportation system with the help of this approach. We selected forest vehicle routing data as the case study to minimize the total cost and the distance of the forest transportation system. Matlab software helps us find the best solution for this case by applying three algorithms of Metaheuristics: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Extended Great Deluge (EGD). The results show that GA, compared to ACO and EGD, provides the best solution for the cost and the length of our case study. EGD is the second preferred approach, and ACO offers the last solution.

Local Polynomial Regression Estimator of the Finite Population Total under Stratified Random Sampling: A Model-Based Approach

In this paper, auxiliary information is used to determine an estimator of finite population total using nonparametric regression under stratified random sampling. To achieve this, a model-based approach is adopted by making use of the local polynomial regression estimation to predict the nonsampled values of the survey variable y. The performance of the proposed estimator is investigated against some design-based and model-based regression estimators. The simulation experiments show that the resulting estimator exhibits good properties. Generally, good confidence intervals are seen for the nonparametric regression estimators, and use of the proposed estimator leads to relatively smaller values of RE compared to other estimators.

Model-Based Degree Estimation of Unbalance and Misalignment in Flexible Coupling-rotor System

The condition of rotor system must be assessed in order to develop condition-based maintenance for rotating machinery. It is determined by multiple variables such as unbalance degree, misalignment degree, the amount of bending deformation of the shaft, occurrence of shaft crack of rotor system and so on. The estimation of the degrees of unbalance and misalignment in flexible coupling-rotor system is discussed. The model-based approach is employed to solve this problem. The models of the equivalent external loads for unbalance and misalignment are derived and analyzed. Then, the degrees of unbalance and misalignment are estimated by analyzing the components of the equivalent external loads of which the frequencies are equal to the 1 and 2 times running frequency respectively. The equivalent external loads are calculated according to the dynamic equation of the original rotor system and the differences between the dynamical responses in normal case and the vibrations when the degree of unbalance or misalignment or both changes. The denoise method based on bandpass filter is used to decrease the effect of noise on the estimation accuracy. The numerical examples are given to show that the proposed approach can estimate the degrees of unbalance and misalignment of the flexible coupling-rotor system accurately.

An Effective Non-Commutative Encryption Approach with Optimized Genetic Algorithm for Ensuring Data Protection in Cloud Computing

Nowadays,succeeding safe communication and protection-sensitive data from unauthorized access above public networks are the main worries in cloud servers.Hence,to secure both data and keys ensuring secured data storage and access,our proposed work designs a Novel Quantum Key Distribution(QKD)relying upon a non-commutative encryption framework.It makes use of a Novel Quantum Key Distribution approach,which guarantees high level secured data transmission.Along with this,a shared secret is generated using Diffie Hellman(DH)to certify secured key generation at reduced time complexity.Moreover,a non-commutative approach is used,which effectively allows the users to store and access the encrypted data into the cloud server.Also,to prevent data loss or corruption caused by the insiders in the cloud,Optimized Genetic Algorithm(OGA)is utilized,which effectively recovers the data and retrieve it if the missed data without loss.It is then followed with the decryption process as if requested by the user.Thus our proposed framework ensures authentication and paves way for secure data access,with enhanced performance and reduced complexities experienced with the prior works.

Radiological Mimics of Popliteal Cysts: An Algorithmic Approach Using US and MRI to Identify the Potentially Malignant Lesions: Case Series

Background: Popliteal cysts are common and present as asymptomatic lumps in the medial popliteal fossa. Some have complex internal characteristics such as septa and loose-bodies. However, not all are popliteal cysts and can be aggressive. These lesions need to be differentiated by the absence of the communicating neck with the joint on ultrasound. Presence of Doppler flow of non-communicating cysts requires further evaluation on MRI, prior to performing a biopsy. Using a case series, we propose an algorithmic approach that is simple and will help identify the malignant lesions and institute appropriate management. Case-Presentation: Popliteal Cyst: On ultrasound: characteristic neck communicating with knee joint. Synovial Sarcoma: Gadolinium enhancement, with areas of low-, iso- and hyper-intense signal to fat on T2. Synovial-Osteochondromatosis: Non-mineralized: T1-low/intermediate intensity;T2-high intensity. Mineralized type: low intensity on T1 & T2. Thrombosed Popliteal Aneurysm: Lamellated appearance-high/low signal intensity on T2. Myxoid-Liposarcomas: Inhomogeneous appearance;homogenous with gadolinium. Usually require a biopsy for diagnosis. Conclusion: The cystic lesions in the medial aspect of the popliteal fossa can be misdiagnosed. Our article reiterates the importance of the communicating neck that separates popliteal cysts from other mimics. We have proposed an algorithm to identify these mimics.

P-ROCK: A Sustainable Clustering Algorithm for Large Categorical Datasets

Data clustering is crucial when it comes to data processing and analytics.The new clustering method overcomes the challenge of evaluating and extracting data from big data.Numerical or categorical data can be grouped.Existing clustering methods favor numerical data clustering and ignore categorical data clustering.Until recently,the only way to cluster categorical data was to convert it to a numeric representation and then cluster it using current numeric clustering methods.However,these algorithms could not use the concept of categorical data for clustering.Following that,suggestions for expanding traditional categorical data processing methods were made.In addition to expansions,several new clustering methods and extensions have been proposed in recent years.ROCK is an adaptable and straightforward algorithm for calculating the similarity between data sets to cluster them.This paper aims to modify the algo-rithm by creating a parameterized version that takes specific algorithm parameters as input and outputs satisfactory cluster structures.The parameterized ROCK algorithm is the name given to the modified algorithm(P-ROCK).The proposed modification makes the original algorithm moreflexible by using user-defined parameters.A detailed hypothesis was developed later validated with experimental results on real-world datasets using our proposed P-ROCK algorithm.A comparison with the original ROCK algorithm is also provided.Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is on par with the original ROCK algorithm with an accuracy of 97.9%.The proposed P-ROCK algorithm has improved the runtime and is moreflexible and scalable.

Test Case Prioritization in Unit and Integration Testing:A Shuffled-Frog-Leaping Approach

Both unit and integration testing are incredibly crucial for almost any software application because each of them operates a distinct process to examine the product.Due to resource constraints,when software is subjected to modifications,the drastic increase in the count of test cases forces the testers to opt for a test optimization strategy.One such strategy is test case prioritization(TCP).Existing works have propounded various methodologies that re-order the system-level test cases intending to boost either the fault detection capabilities or the coverage efficacy at the earliest.Nonetheless,singularity in objective functions and the lack of dissimilitude among the re-ordered test sequences have degraded the cogency of their approaches.Considering such gaps and scenarios when the meteoric and continuous updations in the software make the intensive unit and integration testing process more fragile,this study has introduced a memetics-inspired methodology for TCP.The proposed structure is first embedded with diverse parameters,and then traditional steps of the shuffled-frog-leaping approach(SFLA)are followed to prioritize the test cases at unit and integration levels.On 5 standard test functions,a comparative analysis is conducted between the established algorithms and the proposed approach,where the latter enhances the coverage rate and fault detection of re-ordered test sets.Investigation results related to the mean average percentage of fault detection(APFD)confirmed that the proposed approach exceeds the memetic,basic multi-walk,PSO,and optimized multi-walk by 21.7%,13.99%,12.24%,and 11.51%,respectively.

基于全变分展开的低剂量CT重建网络

针对CT迭代展开重建网络仅对数据保真项进行神经网络展开降低了重建网络计算性能的问题,通过对基于全变分的CT迭代重建算法进行神经网络展开,提出一种对数据保真项和全变分正则项全部进行神经网络展开的重建网络,从而改善了CT重建图像的视觉质量。首先,采用原始–对偶算法求解基于全变分的CT重建问题,得到易于神经网络展开的迭代重建算法。然后,对该迭代重建算法进行神经网络展开,尤其是对正则项部分的算法进行神经网络展开,得到迭代展开CT重建网络。在模拟的低剂量CT数据集上验证了该算法的有效性。实验结果表明,与6种低剂量CT重建算法相比,该算法在抑制低剂量CT图像噪声的同时,很好地保留了图像中的结构和细节纹理。重建图像的定量评价分析显示,该算法取得了良好的峰值信噪比和归一化均方误差指标值,验证了提出的低剂量CT重建算法具有较好的噪声抑制能力和较强的鲁棒性。

基于A^(*)-动态窗口法的无人船动态路径规划算法

为使无人船在复杂的海上环境具备自主路径规划能力,保证其能够在未知环境中避开障碍物并准确到达目的地,结合A^(*)算法的全局最优特性和动态窗口法的实时性,提出了一种新的无人船动态路径规划算法。将A^(*)算法规划的路径点作为动态窗口法的局部目标点,并在中间路径点不可达时及时重新规划全局路径,形成了A^(*)-动态窗口法。动态环境下的仿真结果表明:该融合算法能引导无人船通过平滑的路径顺利到达目标点,证明了该算法的合理性和有效性,而与多种传统算法的对比结果,验证了所提A^(*)-动态窗口法的优越性。

改进RRT-Connect与DWA算法的巡检机器人路径规划研究

针对传统RRT-Connect算法在密集复杂环境中路径规划效率低、动态避障效果差等问题,提出一种改进RRT-Connect与DWA融合算法。该算法通过改进采样策略、动态步长优化和碰撞检测引导随机树生长;在随机树中采用贪心策略和角度约束优化路径。基于巡检机器人建立运动学模型,通过速度采样空间生成轨迹簇;建立模糊逻辑系统自适应调整DWA算法评价函数的权重系数,将全局最优路径点融入DWA算法中实现全局最优路径和实时避障。仿真结果表明,在油气站场密集复杂环境中,改进RRT-Connect算法较传统算法路径缩短约27.09%,平滑度提高约84.6%,碰撞距离提高约18.75%;改进融合算法路径减少约2.97%,平滑度提高约78.8%,碰撞距离提高约30.6%,验证了提出算法的有效性。

基于改进哈里斯鹰优化算法的动态路径规划研究

针对传统栅格地图下的路径规划算法存在多峰值优化、无法实时避障等问题,提出了一种基于改进哈里斯鹰优化算法的动态路径规划方法。首先,提出方形邻格邻近扩散方法初始化哈里斯鹰种群位置,在路径规划问题模型下增加种群多样性;然后,提出一种非线性能量因子优化算法在搜索和开发之间的更新比例,提高全局搜索性能;最后,引入动态窗口法提高机器人实际运行路径的平滑程度,构造结合全局路径的动态窗口评价函数以改善动态窗口法前瞻性不足的问题。实验结果表明,所提方法可以兼顾实时避障和路径最优的需求。

融合改进A^(*)算法与动态窗口法的移动机器人路径规划

为解决移动机器人在随机障碍物环境的导航过程中,使用A星(简称A^(*))算法出现碰撞导致路径规划失败的问题,设计了一种融合改进A_(*)算法和动态窗口法(dynamic window approach,DWA)的全局动态路径规划方法。首先,从以下两方面改进传统A^(*)算法:混合使用4邻域和8邻域A^(*)搜索算法,与通过删除冗余路径点和转折点来提高路径的平滑性;接着将改进A^(*)算法与DWA融合,利用融合算法使移动机器人进行全局实时动态路径规划。Matlab仿真试验结果表明,改进后的A^(*)算法较传统A^(*)算法不会使机器人穿越障碍物及其顶点,这有效减少了碰撞,从而提高了安全性;融合DWA后,在获得全局最优路径的基础上,能避开静态随机障碍物和动态障碍物,这证明了融合算法有良好的路径规划能力。

煤矿履带式定向钻机路径规划算法

煤矿履带式定向钻机路径规划过程中存在机身体积约束和实际场景下的行驶效率需求,而常用的A^(*)算法搜索速度慢、冗余节点多,且规划路径贴近障碍物、平滑性较差。提出一种以改进A^(*)算法规划全局路径、融合动态窗口法(DWA)规划局部路径的煤矿履带式定向钻机路径规划算法。考虑定向钻机尺寸影响,在传统A^(*)算法中引入安全扩展策略,即在定向钻机和巷道壁、障碍物之间加入安全距离约束,以提高规划路径的安全性;对传统A^(*)算法的启发函数进行自适应权重优化,同时将父节点的影响加入到启发函数中,以提高全局路径搜索效率;利用障碍物检测原理对经上述改进后的A^(*)算法规划路径剔除冗余节点,并使用分段三次Hermite插值进行二次平滑处理,得到全局最优路径。将改进A^(*)算法与DWA融合,进行煤矿井下定向钻机路径规划。利用Matlab对不同工况环境下定向钻机路径规划算法进行仿真对比分析,结果表明:与Dijkstra算法和传统A^(*)算法相比,改进A^(*)算法在保证安全距离的前提下,加快了搜索速度,搜索时间分别平均减少88.5%和63.2%,且在一定程度上缩短了规划路径的长度,路径更加平滑;改进A^(*)算法与DWA融合算法可有效躲避改进A^(*)算法规划路径上的未知障碍物,路径长度较PRM算法和RRT^(*)算法规划的路径分别平均减小5.5%和2.9%。

RECAT-CN间隔下点融合系统进场航班排序研究

为提升终端区进场航班运行效率,针对大连机场终端区点融合系统设计进场航班排序模型,改进遗传算法求解实际航班流的最优排序并提出了一种航班换序运行模式。通过分别对比在RECAT-CN间隔和CAAC间隔下航班换序运行模式与先到先服务(FCFS)运行模式的运行效率,得出了如下结论:1)CAAC间隔下实施航班换序运行模式较FCFS运行模式对航班总等待时间、总飞行时间、航班流总运行时间均有优化;2)在航班换序运行模式下采用RECAT-CN间隔可进一步提升运行效率;3)采用航班换序运行模式可以一定程度上缓解FCFS原则下航班延误逐渐累积的问题。

融合改进A^(*)算法和优化动态窗口法的路径规划

针对传统A^(*)算法在栅格数量较多时存在折点多、耗时长,以及动态窗口法在复杂环境下灵活性差的问题,提出一种融合改进A^(*)算法和优化动态窗口法的路径规划算法。首先,在传统栅格地图上建立一层粒度值更大的拓扑层地图,接着将拓扑层规划出的路径在栅格地图上进行优化,删除冗余节点、提高路径平滑度。通过增加机器人在不同场景下的运动状态来优化动态窗口法。最后,将全局规划的关键点作为局部规划的临时目标点,实现两种算法的融合。通过对比试验,证明融合算法不仅保证了全局路径较优而且减少了折点数、耗费时间,还提高了机器人在动态环境下路径的平滑度和灵活性。

融合RRT^(*)与DWA算法的移动机器人动态路径规划

为实现移动机器人在复杂动态障碍物环境中的避障,提出一种改进的快速随机扩展树(rapidly-exploring random tree,RRT^(*))与动态窗口法(dynamic window approach,DWA)相融合的动态路径规划方法。基于已知环境信息,利用改进RRT^(*)算法生成全局最优安全路径。通过消除RRT^(*)算法产生的危险节点,来确保全局路径的安全性;使用贪婪算法去除路径中的冗余节点,以缩短全局路径的长度。利用DWA算法跟踪改进RRT^(*)算法规划的最优路径。当全局路径上出现静态障碍物时,通过二次调整DWA算法评价函数的权重来避开障碍物并及时回归原路线;当环境中出现移动障碍物时,通过提前检测危险距离并转向加速的方式安全驶离该区域。仿真结果表明:该算法在复杂动态环境中运行时间短、路径成本小,与障碍物始终保持安全距离,确保在安全避开动态障碍物的同时,跟踪最优路径。

一种融合改进A^(*)算法与改进动态窗口法的文旅服务机器人路径规划

为满足复杂环境下文旅服务机器人路径规划算法搜索的导向性、静态环境下全局路径的最优性和动态环境下实时避障的安全性的需要,提出了一种基于改进A^(*)算法与动态窗口法相融合的算法。首先,在传统A^(*)算法的基础上,采用更精确的搜索邻域选取策略,并引入障碍物占用栅格率来量化地图信息,动态调节启发函数和权重系数;其次,引入安全距离概念,提出一种三次折线优化方法,剔除冗余节点和拐点,以提高路径的平滑性;针对狭窄通道环境,提出一种自适应圆弧优化方法,使路径更符合机器人的运动学约束。通过加入动态障碍物垂直距离代价函数,有效减少机器人与动态障碍物的冲突和碰撞风险;最后,将改进A^(*)算法与动态窗口法相融合,选取关键路径点作为动态窗口法的临时目标点,分段使用动态窗口法进行局部实时路径修正。实验结果表明,该融合算法同时具备搜索导向性、全局路径最优性和动态避障能力,能够安全快速到达目标点,具有一定的应用价值。

基于灰狼算法的步进电机滑模控制系统设计

为了改善转台方位轴的位置精准度及抖振现象,本文围绕步进电机控制系统展开研究。设计了指数趋近律的位置方程,应用了灰狼优化算法整定滑模控制系统的多项参数。在此基础上建立了数学模型,使用MATLAB/Simulink构建了位置三闭环仿真,对系统的位置精准度、抗干扰能力进行分析,并与PID控制系统、传统的滑模控制系统进行了比较。仿真结果表明优化后的控制系统较稳定,响应速度快,抗干扰能力强。最后基于STM32F10ZET6主控芯片搭建了硬件平台,实验证明了优化后的控制策略有效提升了位置精准度,保证了系统的可靠性。

改进A*算法融合改进动态窗口法的移动机器人路径规划

针对机器人路径规划对于路径最短、搜索效率以及平滑度的性能要求,提出一种改进A*算法与改进动态窗口法(DWA)相融合的算法。针对传统A*算法在复杂场景下输出非最优路径、寻路效率低等问题,结合曼哈顿距离和对角线距离设计新的启发函数,并对其动态分配权重,实现全局路径最短,减少寻路时间。针对传统8邻域8方向搜索方式搜索效率低、耗时长等问题,提出一种基于8邻域改进的搜索策略,对当前节点实时动态分配最优的搜索方向。针对路径存在多余无用节点的问题,使用Floyd算法去除冗余节点,减少转向次数,缩短路径长度。针对传统动态窗口法规划的路径非全局最优、目标点附近存在障碍物时规划的路径长度增加或者规划失败的问题,加入全局关键节点信息和引入目标点距离评估子函数。针对关键节点距离较长导致融合算法规划的路径偏离全局最优路径的问题,提出关键点密集化策略。最后,将提出的改进A*算法、融合算法和已有的其他改进算法进行比较,仿真结果表明:改进的A*算法能够在复杂环境中生成最短全局路径,平均转向次数减少16.3%,平均寻路时间缩短55.66%;融合算法在临时障碍物环境下,平均路径长度和平均运行时间分别缩短6.1%和14.7%,在移动障碍物环境下,平均路径长度和平均运行时间分别缩短1.6%和39.8%。

番茄温室内移动喷药机器人的路径规划研究

移动喷药机器人在番茄温室内作业时,存在规划路径效率低、平滑性差以及路径存在安全隐患等问题。提出了一种优化A*算法融合DWA算法的番茄温室移动喷药机器人的路径规划算法。充分考虑番茄温室具体环境,定义作业安全距离及对种植区进行膨胀化处理,保证移动喷药机器人安全作业;通过为启发函数添加动态权重因子,采用关键节点提取技术提高全局路径规划效率,同时引入转弯点以及三次B样条曲线确保路径的全面覆盖及平滑性;最后融合DWA算法保证移动喷药机器人对突现障碍物的躲避。使用Matlab构建番茄温室环境进行仿真验证,实验结果表明,优化后的算法比传统算法规划出的路径更安全、平滑,覆盖喷药区域完整,规划效率明显提升,融合算法成功实现了对路径突现障碍物的躲避。该方案满足移动喷药机器人在复杂番茄温室中的作业需求。