Goosegrass is a worst grass weed in orchards and turf.The increased use of glyphosate for goosegrass control has led to the occurrence of many resistant populations.Although glyphosate has been used to control weeds f...Goosegrass is a worst grass weed in orchards and turf.The increased use of glyphosate for goosegrass control has led to the occurrence of many resistant populations.Although glyphosate has been used to control weeds for the past 30 years in China,few reports are available on glyphosate-resistant（GR） googegrass.In this study,we determined the GR level of 14 goosegrass populations from Chengdu and Guangzhou,China.Glyphosate only controlled 3.1 and 25.0%of the populations SL5 and SL1,respectively,at the dose of 1 680 g acid equivalent（ae） ha^（-1） at 14 days after treatment（DAT）.In contrast,the susceptible population（XD1） was completely（100%） controlled.The resistant index（Rl） of SL5 and SL1 were 5.1 and 4.5,and the Rl for SL2,SL3 and ZC1 were 4.2,3.2 and 2.6,respectively.The Rl for other populations was range from 1.8 to 2.5.Under the dose of glyphosate at 1 640 g ae ha^-1 at 10 DAT,shikimate accumulation in susceptible population XD1 was 17.6 and 16.4 times higher than SL5 and SL1,respectively.And the chlorophyll content in the plant leaf of populations SL1,SL2 and SL5 were decreased slightly ranging from 22.6 to 28.0.These results confirmed that the SL1,SL2,SL3,ZC1 and SL5 populations had evolved moderate resistance to glyphosate.This is the first report for the GR goosegrass populations confirmed in Chengdu,China.展开更多
Arjinshan National Nature Reserve(ANNR) is one of 3 refuges of the endemic ungulates Tibetan wild ass(Equus kiang),Chiru(Pantholops hodgsonii) and wild yak(Bos mutus) that are endangered by natural and anthropogenic f...Arjinshan National Nature Reserve(ANNR) is one of 3 refuges of the endemic ungulates Tibetan wild ass(Equus kiang),Chiru(Pantholops hodgsonii) and wild yak(Bos mutus) that are endangered by natural and anthropogenic factors in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP).Identifying habitat suitability is critical for species protection management.We used a GIS-based niche model to delimit and classify habitat suitability using an integrated assessment system,which included 9 biotic and abiotic factors.We divided the research area into 4 habitat types for these ungulates:(1) high suitability habitat;(2) moderate suitability habitat;(3) low suitability habitat;and(4) unsuitable area.Results suggested that chiru have the most areas of high and moderate suitability habitats while Tibetan wild ass had the largest areas of low suitability habitat and unsuitable area.Wild yak had the largest area of moderate and low suitability habitat,but high suitability habitats for wild yak were smaller than those of other 2 ungulates.There was overlap of high-quality habitat for the three kinds of ungulates in the vicinity of Kardun inspection station,which could be regarded as the core area for the coexistence and conservation of these endangered ungulate populations.展开更多
基金funded by the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest,China(201303022)
文摘Goosegrass is a worst grass weed in orchards and turf.The increased use of glyphosate for goosegrass control has led to the occurrence of many resistant populations.Although glyphosate has been used to control weeds for the past 30 years in China,few reports are available on glyphosate-resistant（GR） googegrass.In this study,we determined the GR level of 14 goosegrass populations from Chengdu and Guangzhou,China.Glyphosate only controlled 3.1 and 25.0%of the populations SL5 and SL1,respectively,at the dose of 1 680 g acid equivalent（ae） ha^（-1） at 14 days after treatment（DAT）.In contrast,the susceptible population（XD1） was completely（100%） controlled.The resistant index（Rl） of SL5 and SL1 were 5.1 and 4.5,and the Rl for SL2,SL3 and ZC1 were 4.2,3.2 and 2.6,respectively.The Rl for other populations was range from 1.8 to 2.5.Under the dose of glyphosate at 1 640 g ae ha^-1 at 10 DAT,shikimate accumulation in susceptible population XD1 was 17.6 and 16.4 times higher than SL5 and SL1,respectively.And the chlorophyll content in the plant leaf of populations SL1,SL2 and SL5 were decreased slightly ranging from 22.6 to 28.0.These results confirmed that the SL1,SL2,SL3,ZC1 and SL5 populations had evolved moderate resistance to glyphosate.This is the first report for the GR goosegrass populations confirmed in Chengdu,China.
基金provided by School of Environment,Beijing Normal Universitysupported by grants from Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (201209033)grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2012BAC01B02)
文摘Arjinshan National Nature Reserve(ANNR) is one of 3 refuges of the endemic ungulates Tibetan wild ass(Equus kiang),Chiru(Pantholops hodgsonii) and wild yak(Bos mutus) that are endangered by natural and anthropogenic factors in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP).Identifying habitat suitability is critical for species protection management.We used a GIS-based niche model to delimit and classify habitat suitability using an integrated assessment system,which included 9 biotic and abiotic factors.We divided the research area into 4 habitat types for these ungulates:(1) high suitability habitat;(2) moderate suitability habitat;(3) low suitability habitat;and(4) unsuitable area.Results suggested that chiru have the most areas of high and moderate suitability habitats while Tibetan wild ass had the largest areas of low suitability habitat and unsuitable area.Wild yak had the largest area of moderate and low suitability habitat,but high suitability habitats for wild yak were smaller than those of other 2 ungulates.There was overlap of high-quality habitat for the three kinds of ungulates in the vicinity of Kardun inspection station,which could be regarded as the core area for the coexistence and conservation of these endangered ungulate populations.
