Cross-sectional population based study ascertaining the characteristics of US rural adults with mental health concerns who perceived a stigma regarding mental health issues

Introduction: Mental health is an important component of overall health. Mental illness is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US and is associated with chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis. In the US, most people with mental health issues or disorders remain untreated. Epidemiological studies have identified rural residents as being at greater risk for health disparities;as a result, rural residents are a vulnerable population in terms of mental health and mental health care. Research has demonstrated that perceived stigma can be a significant barrier to rural residents seeking mental health care. This study examined the research question: What are the characteristics of US rural adults with mental health concerns who perceived stigma? Methods: 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate techniques to answer the research question. 2007 BRFSS data were used because in that year non-institutionalized US adults in 37 states and territories were queried about their attitudes toward mental illness. BRFSS is a random digit telephone survey that uses a complex multi-stage sampling approach and subsequently a weighting factor is calculated for application to the data in order to ensure that they are representative of the US population based on the most recent census data. Only weighted data were analyzed. Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed that rural adults reporting mental health concerns who perceived stigma regarding mental health were more likely to be unemployed seeking work or not working and not seeking work, military veterans, or to have deferred medical care because of cost. They were also more likely to not have a health care provider and to rarely or never feel supported emotionally. Conclusions: Support systems may render people with mental health issues less vulnerable to perceiving stigma, thus assisting with removing stigma as a barrier to care. Pharmacist may play a role as support in communities, especially where access to health care providers may be limited.

Exploration of Development Status and Trend of Three Elements of Rural Areas in the New Era to Protect Achievements in Poverty Alleviation

The three rural issues of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers are important strategic issues in China’s development, are an important foundation for the agricultural country to realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Under the new situation of great victory in poverty alleviation, it is necessary to protect the fruits of victory and strengthen the construction of new countryside in the new era. From the current development situations of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, this paper explored the development trend of three elements, to provide a feasible path for protecting the achievements in poverty alleviation, and provide certain ideas for workers engaged in agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

An Analysis of the Dilemmas in Rural Modernization From the Perspective of Organism Philosophy

The process of modernization first took place in the city and then gradually extended to the countryside.Therefore the rural modernization has followed development path with the characteristics of urban modernization in many aspects,using modern scientific and technological means to carry out intensive management of enterprises and pursue the high efficient of market economy,and the dominant value evaluation is carried out from the perspective of utilitarianism,which makes some negative effects in the process of urban development gradually shift to the countryside,and brings some“dilemma”problems in rural modernization.The Chinese philosophy of organism pays attention to the study of the vitality of all kinds of organisms.According to the viewpoint of the philosophy of organism under the background of Chinese culture,both urban and rural regions are complex systems,in which coupled by living organism,artificial organism,social organism,and spiritual organism in a number of ways.The“dilemmas”of the process of rural modernization stem from the uncoordinated relations among those organisms.To solve the dilemmas of rural modernization,it is necessary to eliminate the excessive squeeze of technical artifacts(“artificial organism”,in Chinese philosophy of organism)on the human life organism and ecological environment and enhance the vitality of rural development.The philosophy of organism advocates a holistic and organic perspective on the relationship between rural and urban areas,fully aware of organic links in the process of urban and rural development and even the modernization of the country,in terms of people’s concepts and management models.Only when people’s concepts and management patterns change substantially will it be possible to solve the dilemmas of rural modernization.

Reform Paths of Rural Land Property Rights System in the Context of Agricultural Modernization

The reform of rural land property rights system can promote large-scale and intensive agricultural production,improve the quality of laborers,improve agricultural production efficiency,increase farmers'income,and effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.In the context of the reform of the"separation of three powers",the rural land property rights system still has problems in terms of ownership,use rights,disposal rights,and income rights,which affect the healthy development of agricultural modernization.In this situation,it is necessary to further clarify the subject of rural land ownership,thoroughly improve the right to use rural land,vigorously improve the right to dispose of rural land,effectively protect the right to benefit from rural land,and deeply promote the reform of the rural land property rights system in order to effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.

Cultural Crisis in Rural Areas and Its Influence upon Revolutions in China in the Process of Modernization

The process of modernization accelerates the decline of the rural areas in China pausing malignant changes of the rural culture,such as lack of education and religious chaos and so on.Such cultural crisis in rural areas results in incredibility of the public power.As a social class farmers are marginalized.On the contrary,the decline of the rural culture provides the possibility of the rooting of the revolutionary ideas.Led and influenced by the Communist Party of China farmers become the principal part of modernization and revolution and the major driving force and hard core of the new- democratic revolution,having great effect upon the direction of China's modern history.

Research on the Hunan Rural Tourism Electronic Commerce Application under Background of ＂Four Modernizations and Amphitypy＂

In this paper, we conduct research on the Hunan rural tourism electronic commerce application under background of “Four Modernizations and Amphitypy”. The emergence of Internet completely changed the tourist business original environment of competition, undermined the inherent balance. The tourist business must reexamine own competitive ability and development direction under the new situation, judges this enterprise to create to compete the new superior the possibility. In the development of the tourism, people’s attitudes towards the environment from indifference to passive attention to active the protection and construction, so as to rural ecological environment for the sustainable development has laid a solid foundation. In short, we should be optimistic about the tourism e-commerce, tourism e-commerce to see China’s tourism industry bring new development opportunities. This paper proposes the new idea on the issues that will promote the further development of the related industries.

On the Rural Revitalization in the Middle and Late Stages of Modernization

China’s rural revitalization,which was initiated in the middle and late stages of modernization,features distinct characteristics of the times.It is necessary to approach rural revitalization in China from the aspects of industrial-agricultural coordination,urban-rural integration,and regional balance.Industrial-agricultural coordination concerns forging the“world’s factory”and,more importantly,developing into the“world’s farm”through rural revitalization.Urban-rural integration is not just about urban modernization,but also about rural modernization through rural revitalization.Regional balance requires the promotion of characteristic development in peripheral regions with targeted measures of rural revitalization,as well as the building of highly developed city clusters.

The Discussion on the Interaction and Integration of Modern Agriculture and Rural Tourism Sustainable Development

The thesis summarizes the connotation of rural tourism and divides it into six types,including rural sight-seeing,rural body-building activity,rural folk culture,rural experience of farm work,rural business affairs,and study and development.It outlines the theory of sustainable development of rural tourism and points out that what sustainable development of tourism concerns is the coordination of ecology,economy,and society centering on human and nature.On the basis of introducing the connotation of modern agriculture,it divides modern agriculture into six types,including sightseeing agriculture,leisure agriculture,green agriculture,characteristic agriculture,factory agriculture,and three-dimensional agriculture.And by concluding,it obtains the combination model of modern agriculture and rural tourism.Based on the introduction of the above related theories,the thesis discusses the interaction and integration model of the sustainable development of modern agriculture and rural tourism.It emphatically analyzes the integration model of modern agriculture and rural tourism,including pastoral agriculture tourism model(sightseeing village,leisure farm,citizen farm),and science education tourism model(agricultural science and technology education base,tourism and leisure education agricultural park,children's,agricultural education base,agricultural exposition).Based on the interaction and integration relationship between modern agriculture and rural tourism,the thesis puts forward corresponding countermeasures so as to promote their positive development and realize the maximum of ecological,social and economic benefits.

Issues concerning Migrant Workers' Participation in the New Rural Cooperative Medical System and Countermeasures——Based on the Survey in Wenjiang District and Jintang County, Chengdu City

We conduct questionnaire survey of migrant workers in Wenjiang District and Jintang County of Chengdu City,respectively,using the method of key-point investigation and the sampling survey. We describe the status quo of the sample migrant workers' participation in the New Rural Cooperative Medical System,analyze the issues concerning migrant workers' participation in the New Rural Cooperative Medical System,and put forward the countermeasures and recommendations as follows: using many types of medical insurance; establishing universal reimbursement points in strange land and premium-paying system for migrant workers; making the proportion of reimbursement open and transparent; establishing and improving medicare security system for migrant workers.

Research on Scientifically and Rationally Promoting the Fallow of Cultivated Land under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

Implementing the rural revitalization strategy is an important decision-making arrangement made by the party s 19th National Congress,and is the general grasp of the work of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers"in the new era.In rural development,the issue of cultivated land is an important way to promote poverty alleviation in the vast rural areas and build a well-off society in an all-round way.In combination with the fact that the current quality of cultivated land resources in China is not high and the basic fertility has been continuously declining caused due to pollution,China must promote a scientific and rational system of arable land fallow to ensure the further development of agricultural modernization in China.In the process of researching the implementation of the arable land fallow system,the problems of land abandonment and"non-agriculturalization"after farmland fallow,the willingness of farmers to fallow and the subsidy for farmland fallow have been discovered.In response to the problems above,corresponding policy recommendations are put forward in order to better promote the process of arable land fallow and poverty alleviation in China.

Sustainable Development of Agriculture from the Perspective of Rural Urbanization

In recent years,China's economic construction enters into a new development period.The buyer's market appears,structural demand of agricultural products becomes excessive,and the demand market becomes depressed.In the process of seeking approaches for expanding domestic demands,accelerating construction of small towns is a breakthrough point of rural population urbanization,and also an optimal approach for realizing transfer of rural surplus labor.Besides,accelerating construction of small towns is an inevitable path for intensive management of rural land implementing ecological agriculture,and also an optimal path for improving farmers' quality and improving living conditions.In addition,it is an essential strategy for increasing consumption,expanding domestic demand,pulling rural economic and social development,and also a powerful measure for realizing sustainable development of agriculture.In the process of construction of rural urbanization,it is required to attach importance to strategy of sustainable development of agriculture.This is beneficial for the present generation and for descendants.Therefore,how to build small towns and how to solve many problems in sustainable development of agriculture have received much concern.

Research on Chinese Urban Modernity Issues From the Perspective of Technology Rational Critique

With the development of urbanization,metropolises and megapolises are emerging.Urbanization is being completed with the driving force of capital;meanwhile,technology has achieved the quest of capital.In this thesis,in light of Henri Lefebvre’s ideology of technology rational critique,Chinese urban modernity issues under the perspective of technology rational critique were analyzed,including issues like eroded urban texture,urban mechanization,and urban segregation.The technology rational root of Chinese urban modernity issues was discussed from the turn of technical artifacts from design intention to application intention.In the end,possible methods to solve these Chinese urban modernity issues were illustrated based on Henri Lefebvre’s urban development theory.

Reflections on the Professional Development of Rural Teachers Supported by Information Technology

The rapid development of information technology has brought vitality to rural education, rural teachers should not only seriously deal with it, but also face greater impact and challenges. According to the basic quality structure and main influencing factors of teachers' professional development, questionnaires and interview outlines were designed for 650 rural teachers in ethnic minority areas of Southeast Chongqing to investigate the current situation of rural teachers' professional knowledge and the status of teachers' professional development support system in this study, and then countermeasures were proposed for the current problems, with a view to providing theoretical reference for the development and implementation of modern education.

Strengthening the protection of environmental quality in rural areas - in the Perspective of lack of rigid institutional awareness

With the rapid economic development, environmental issues have become increasingly prominent. Not just urban, rural environmental problems are more and more serious. Rural environmental problems, which is not only relevant to ecological livelihood, but also an important part of building a new socialist countryside country. This article focuses on the rural environmental problem which remains unresolved. We can explain it from the lack of rigid institutional awareness.

Ecological Significance in Marx's Theory of Metabolic Rift and Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas

In expounding the historical conditions of " two necessities",Marx profoundly criticized the consequence of capitalist mode of production to society and ecology. Through the analysis of the capitalist relations of production,Marx systematically completed the viewpoint system about the material circulation of nature and human society,and foresaw the ecological consequences of capitalism to the world scientifically,taking ecology and mode of production as an organic whole. Since the socialism with Chinese characteristics entered into the new era,facing the serious ecological problems in the countryside in the process of modernization,the Party and the state,through the latest interpretation of the basic principles of Marxism,have creatively replaced the unsustainable poverty-alleviation policy with the targeted poverty-alleviation policy,thus making it have an important ecological orientation in the practice of poverty-alleviation in the countryside.

Problems in Rural Land Management Right Confirmation Pilots and the Countermeasures

The affirmation registration and certification of land contracted management right are the essential conditions for the effective promotion of land management right circulation and the development of agricultural moderate scale management. However, the following problems are found in the process of the pilot work： insufficient propaganda work, inconsistent recognition of affirmation registration work, low enthusiasm of grass-roots work; lack of unified regulations, each company working on their own; requiring large amount of manpower and resources for rural land contracted management rights, and severe shortage of national and municipal inputs; incomplete land ownership information and lack of marks between land plots, leading to resolving difficulty of the disputes; urgent need of strengthening subsequent work, untimely adjustment of related policies. Therefore, it needs to intensify propaganda, so that farmers can know the land right confirmation registration and certifi- cation, and recognize its importance; unify the introduction of job specification and results storage standard, making it convenient for the unified use of the results unified; set up special funds, and make experiments first in the areas with better economic conditions; establish arbitral institutions for land ownership disputes; earnestly make great effort to the supporting and subsequent work for right confirmation registration, and give full play to the role of land registration results.

Study on the Background,Scientific Connotation and Contemporary Value of Marx’s and Engels’s Peasant Thoughts

In the process of leading the international communist movement,Marx and Engels faced the profound influence of social revolution and multi-social thoughts caused by the development of capitalism.They always stood at the historical height and the forefront of the times with their attention attached to and study the peasant issues,on the basis of the need to provide scientific theoretical guidance for the workers’ movement and the revolutionary allied forces.Marx and Engels insisted on the connection between theory and practice,the unity of materialism and dialectics,the combination of principle and flexibility,the principle of complementing macro and micro analysis,and the features of peasantry class,personality characteristics,revolutionary nature,political attitudes and history of peasants and other in-depth analysis being accomplished and put forward practical and feasible joint measures to form a peasant thought with great scientific connotation.This idea is still of important value for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy by our party in the new era and the proper resolution of the “three rural issues”.

On the Relation between Agricultural Informationization and Rural Informationization

Through analyzing concept of agriculture and countryside,and overall objective of new socialist countryside construction " developed production,well-off living,civilized village culture,clean village environment,and democratic management",this paper divides the informationization construction for new socialist countryside into agricultural informationization and rural informationization,and presents the new socialist countryside informationization construction system.Then the paper elaborates connotation of agricultural informationization and rural informationization,differentiates and analyzes the relation between the two concepts.Agricultural informationization and rural informationization influence each other,promote each other,and are integrated into new socialist countryside informationization construction.

Functions of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives in Improving Rural Modern Circulation System

This paper firstly described current development situation of China's rural circulation system. In the process of accelerating modernization,the supply and marketing cooperative is always an essential force,but the gap between urban and rural circulation system is still expanding. On the basis of current development situation,it analyzed functions of supply and marketing cooperatives in rural logistics system. Finally,it came up with recommendations for improving China's rural circulation system. In the new period,it is recommended to bring into play advantages of supply and marketing cooperatives,expand the coverage,gradually promote industry upgrade of renewable resource recycling,and constantly strengthen functions of supply and marketing cooperatives in building the rural modern circulation system,to build supply and marketing cooperatives into new forces and comprehensive platform for farmers' production and living services.

Natural Ventilation of Modern Residences in Rural Area in Guangdong Meishan City of China

By taking a modern residence in Meishan area as an example,15 measuring points have been set,and the wind speed of the parlor on the first and second floor and that of many bedding rooms have been measured every other hour from 7:00 to 22:00.Based on the measuring data and indoor architectural pattern,indoor ventilation has been analyzed.The results show that good natural ventilation could be created in modern rural residence by making use of plane layout,orientation and openings' organization,so that indoor air can be distributed evenly,helping to reduce temperature and remove humidness;indoor wind speed of the openings of architectures is the largest;and architectural orientation and opening's position can guide air flow and help to improve natural ventilation obviously.