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Study on Accounting Principle and Method of Activity-Based Costing of CIMS Enterprises in China 被引量:1
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作者 丁日佳 杜爱静 +1 位作者 强桂英 王立杰 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI 2000年第2期26-29,共4页
关键词 of CIMS Enterprises in China and Method of activity-based costing Study on Accounting Principle CIMS ACTIVITY
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Integrating Activity-Based Costing (ABC) and Theory of Constraint (TOC) for Improved and Sustained Cost Management 被引量:1
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作者 Clayton Kuma 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2013年第8期1046-1058,共13页
Implementing effective cost management approaches has recently gained momentum due to intense competition and increasing customer demands. Moreover, effective cost management approaches have contributed to firms' com... Implementing effective cost management approaches has recently gained momentum due to intense competition and increasing customer demands. Moreover, effective cost management approaches have contributed to firms' competitive advantage in relation to cost leadership strategy. Consequently, firms have implemented contemporary cost management systems, such as activity-based management, business process re-engineering, life-cycle costing, target costing, and theory of constraint (TOC), to enable them to become low-cost producers and compete effectively and sustain their performance. Furthermore, focusing on cost management to improve profitability has led to the integration of activity-based costing (ABC) and TOC. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review literature and discuss how integration of ABC and TOC can result in improved and sustained cost management. While these methods have different approaches in addressing cost management, treating them as complementary cost management approaches can result in improved cost management due to improved product costing, improved cost reporting, improved product-mix decisions, and improved cycle-time management. Improvement in cost management will then result in sustained cost management. Sustained cost management is further enhanced with the investment in information customer and shareholder value technology that supports cross-functional decision making to continue creating to remain competitive in the market. 展开更多
关键词 activity-based costing (ABC) theory of constraint (TOC) cost management cost leadership contemporary cost management systems
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An improved activity-based costing model for product cost estimation applied in a complex manufacturing environment
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作者 唐苏州 Gao Yuan +1 位作者 Qian Feng Wang Delun 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2013年第2期125-131,共7页
In order to evaluate and estimate me cosEs oi prouuct~ plt, uu^u e vironment properly, an improved activity-based costing (ABC) model is presented. By utilizing the input-output analysis method, the complex consumpt... In order to evaluate and estimate me cosEs oi prouuct~ plt, uu^u e vironment properly, an improved activity-based costing (ABC) model is presented. By utilizing the input-output analysis method, the complex consumption relationships in a complex manufacturing environment are first expressed. The consumption characteristics (mainly presented by the activity rates) of all production activities are extracted by solving these relationships. Then with the con- sumption characteristics and operating parameters of these activities, the detailed cost consumption of a product in its manufacturing process is estimated. A case study is finally given based on the compressor products of a manufacturing company, and its effectiveness is shown. As the cost influ- ence of complex consumption relationships is fully considered, the limitation of traditional ABC method is overcome, and therefore a high accuracy in product cost estimation under the complex manufacturing environment can be achieved. 展开更多
关键词 product cost estimation manufacturing cost consumption relationships manufac-turing process activity-based costing (ABC)
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Activity-Based Costing of Library Services in Universities——A Case Study of a Private University
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作者 Hala Elias Arpita Mehrotra 《Economics World》 2018年第3期165-176,共12页
An organization’s costing system is a system that helps the management with the strategy planning while the system plays an important role in providing accurate cost information about the products and customers.In ot... An organization’s costing system is a system that helps the management with the strategy planning while the system plays an important role in providing accurate cost information about the products and customers.In other words,the costing management system is important to provide timely and quality information to help managers in their decision-making process.Producing quality graduates is the main objective of any university and the cost of quality or the cost of poor quality is one that is often difficult to measure in higher education.This can be partly attributed to the fact that most accounting systems are not structured to capture important cost-of-quality information.In order to succeed,many organizations tend to shift from conventional or traditional costing system to Activity-based costing(ABC).ABC provides both higher education administrators and policymakers with better information on which to base decisions.The use of multiple cost pools and drivers under ABC leads to more detailed and accurate product costing than that provided by traditional cost systems.This paper attempts to investigate the possibilities and limitations of implementing ABC in universities.More specifically the study makes use of the case study method to illustrate the implementation of activity-based costing of library services in a private university in the Kingdom of Bahrain.The research methodology of the case study is a combination of both descriptive and quantitative analyses.The study identified six categories of cost pools which are related to the activities of the library as well as 17 relevant cost drivers.Accordingly,ABC should lead to a better understanding of what drives costs and,by extension,what changes are necessary to reduce costs.Unnecessary activities that do not add value to services can be identified and eliminated.Further ABC is feasible in an academic library and that much can be gained from the process of analyzing activities.However,more work needs to be done in terms of designing accounting and other information systems to capture cost and activity transaction data in a more routine and disaggregated form for ABC analysis. 展开更多
关键词 costing systems activity-based costing QUALITY of information cost DRIVERS costing of LIBRARY SERVICES UNIVERSITIES
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A Study on Cost Control of Agricultural Water Conservancy Projects Based on Activity-based Costing
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作者 Tiantian TANG 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2017年第7期11-14,共4页
Based on the theory of activity-based costing and the idea of value chain,activity optimization and cost control are carried out on the whole construction process of agricultural water conservancy projects. Through th... Based on the theory of activity-based costing and the idea of value chain,activity optimization and cost control are carried out on the whole construction process of agricultural water conservancy projects. Through the use of literature review,case analysis and statistical analysis and other methods,with agricultural water conservancy projects as the research object,and comparing activity-based costing with the traditional model of cost accounting,the writer carries out the corresponding value chain analysis,and comes to the following conclusion: the statistical calculation and analysis of the entire construction process based on activity-based costing can accurately and effectively control the costs of water conservancy projects. Through the use of activity-based costing,the cost data of agricultural water conservancy projects is more detailed and accurate,and cost management personnel can also find non-value-added activities,optimize the enterprise's value chain and achieve cost control objectives through the analysis of the activity chain and value chain of agricultural water conservancy projects. 展开更多
关键词 activity-based costing Agricultural water conservancy projects cost control
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Modem Cost Management in the Transport Company Through the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Method
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作者 Viera Sukalova Pavel Ceniga 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2014年第6期667-674,共8页
Road transport is a flexible mode of transport and its importance in era of globalization increases. Management of road transport companies is, in this turbulent environment, exposed to many technical, legislative, an... Road transport is a flexible mode of transport and its importance in era of globalization increases. Management of road transport companies is, in this turbulent environment, exposed to many technical, legislative, and economic problems. Especially, the growing economic pressure leads to an urgent requirement of the manager and control system improvement. Activity-based costing (ABC) method is a very powerful tool to improve products, services, processes, and market strategies. ABC allows company management to understand what causes costs and how to manage them. Company under this scheme may get a glimpse of how efficiently a company converts the source value. The main objective of our research was to assess the possibility of application of the ABC method in a transport undertaking. ABC method as a fundamentally different view on the cost in the transport business helps to find the reasons of cost and thereby influences their levels to make better use of resources.. New managerial accounting methods aim to show management what information is needed, how and where this information can be obtained, and how they can be useful for the management of the company's proper planning, decision-making, and control. Information provided by management accounting is often a key factor in the analysis of alternative ways of solving problems. This article focuses on the transport enterprise management and helps to decide on the use of this method in business practice. 展开更多
关键词 management transport company costS activity-based costing (ABC) method
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Costing and Pricing in Healthcare Private Firms
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作者 Antonella Cugini Silvia Pilonato 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2014年第7期764-776,共13页
This article analyzes the development of an activity-based costing (ABC) system in a private Italian healthcare firm. Findings shed light on the role of the cost accounting system in price assessment: It outlines n... This article analyzes the development of an activity-based costing (ABC) system in a private Italian healthcare firm. Findings shed light on the role of the cost accounting system in price assessment: It outlines new opportunities for the identification of the service mix offered as well as for price optimization. Because private companies provide services both within the public system--where the National Health System (NHS) provides fixed reimbursement fees--and within the private system--where prices are defined by each company. Accurate cost information is extremely important to support managers in the analysis of the service mix profitability offered in each system. For the business segment in which companies do not have flexibility in setting prices, cost information enables managers to identify services which may present profitability problems. For the business segment where price flexibility exists, cost information supports the identification of pricing errors so that charges can be better defined. 展开更多
关键词 healthcare company cost accounting activity-based costing (ABC) PRICING
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Study on the Application of Time-Driven Activity - Based Costing in Hotels——Taking a Hotel as an Example
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作者 XUE Dongye ZHAO Yang FENG Yu 《International English Education Research》 2016年第12期80-82,共3页
The time-driven activity-based costing has received extensive attention from scholars both at home and abroad in recent years,which has been applied to the calculation of manufacturing operations and the cost of produ... The time-driven activity-based costing has received extensive attention from scholars both at home and abroad in recent years,which has been applied to the calculation of manufacturing operations and the cost of products.However, this approach is rarely introduced into the service sector.As to the hospitality industry, the profitability of the customer usually plays a decisive role in the business process.Therefore, this article takes the hotel service industry as the research point and allocates the costs of resources of each departments to customers according to time drivers.The focus of this paper is to calculate the costs of customers ,and then analyze the profitability of customers in order to take the appropriate marketing strategies to improve the hotel service industry Drofitabilitv. 展开更多
关键词 cost accounting time-driven activity-based costing hospitality industry
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Research on selection methods of cost driver
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作者 SHENG Yan-mei 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2009年第9期47-49,共3页
In the implementation of activity-based costing, cost driver is the true reason to determine the occurrence of costs and the consumption of resources, and correctly selecting the cost driver is the key to calculating ... In the implementation of activity-based costing, cost driver is the true reason to determine the occurrence of costs and the consumption of resources, and correctly selecting the cost driver is the key to calculating the cost of the product accurately. Beginning with the meaning of cost driver and its characteristics, this article analyses its classification, and then, focuses on its selection method. 展开更多
关键词 activity-based costing cost driver resource driver activity driver
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改良注水耗材连接在消化内镜诊疗中的应用
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作者 邓秀梅 李莉 +1 位作者 丁震 何瑾云 《现代临床护理》 2024年第5期85-88,共4页
目的 探讨灭菌注射用水和一次性输液管改良注水耗材连接在消化内镜诊疗的应用。方法 采用自身前后对照方法,2019年12月前使用传统注水技术,2020年1月开始使用改良注水技术,即灭菌注射用水直接连接一次性输液管,代替复用水瓶(将灭菌注射... 目的 探讨灭菌注射用水和一次性输液管改良注水耗材连接在消化内镜诊疗的应用。方法 采用自身前后对照方法,2019年12月前使用传统注水技术,2020年1月开始使用改良注水技术,即灭菌注射用水直接连接一次性输液管,代替复用水瓶(将灭菌注射用水倒入后)和送水管储水及送水,比较改良前后冲洗液微生物培养结果、耗材成本及护士耗费时间。结果 改良前后冲洗液微生物培养结果均合格。改良前复用水瓶需集中清洗后送供应室灭菌,循环利用需等2d后,每人次内镜诊疗注水耗材连接总成本(29.81±4.65)元,连接、安装和拆卸时间(8.15±1.42)min;改良后总成(3.46±0.51)元,连接、安装及拆卸时间共(2.00±0.22)min,操作简单,取材方便。结论 改良注水耗材连接操作简单,节约成本,减少护士耗时,保障诊疗安全。 展开更多
关键词 改良注水耗材连接 耗材成本 注水内镜 消化内镜诊疗
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一种水性丙烯酸改性醇酸钢结构涂料的制备及探讨
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作者 张鑫 《中国涂料》 CAS 2024年第6期48-53,共6页
以水性丙烯酸改性醇酸树脂混拼水性丙烯酸乳胶为成膜物质,通过筛选颜填料、防锈料及其添加比例,制备出水性丙烯酸改性醇酸钢结构涂料。结果表明,该涂料具有优异的初期耐雨水、耐盐水性,可通过168 h涂膜无起泡、脱落现象;硬度建立快,自干... 以水性丙烯酸改性醇酸树脂混拼水性丙烯酸乳胶为成膜物质,通过筛选颜填料、防锈料及其添加比例,制备出水性丙烯酸改性醇酸钢结构涂料。结果表明,该涂料具有优异的初期耐雨水、耐盐水性,可通过168 h涂膜无起泡、脱落现象;硬度建立快,自干1 d可达2B,自干7 d可达HB;防锈效果好,常温养护7 d,耐盐雾性可达到72 h,烘烤后亦可达到120 h以上;附着力优异,可达1~0级,抗冲击亦可通过50 kg·cm涂膜无裂纹;且涂料成本低,满足市场需求。 展开更多
关键词 固含量 低成本 水性 耐雨水 丙烯酸改性醇酸 钢结构
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基于改进蚁群算法的中压配电网络规划方法研究
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作者 蒋雍天晟 林生津 《电工技术》 2024年第3期4-6,11,共4页
研究基于改进蚁群算法的中压配电网络规划方法,设计合理的中压配电网络规划方案,降低中压配电网络的费用。构建以负荷要求、潮流限制为约束条件,投资和运行费用最低为目标函数的中压配电网络规划数学模型。通过变换状态转移准则改进蚁... 研究基于改进蚁群算法的中压配电网络规划方法,设计合理的中压配电网络规划方案,降低中压配电网络的费用。构建以负荷要求、潮流限制为约束条件,投资和运行费用最低为目标函数的中压配电网络规划数学模型。通过变换状态转移准则改进蚁群算法,以数学模型为基础采用改进蚁群算法规划中压配电网络方案。实验表明该方法能使中压配电网络的负荷处于合理范围内,降低投资与运行费用。 展开更多
关键词 改进蚁群算法 中压配电网络 规划方法 目标函数 运行费用 负荷要求
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使用概率模型的桥梁维护成本计算方法研究 被引量:6
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作者 彭建新 邵旭东 晏班夫 《湖南大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第4期13-18,共6页
基于改进的事件树模型,考虑维护活动的相关性以及维护时间的不确定性,建立了桥梁的维护成本计算公式;推导了在维护过程中由于交通耽搁、交通堵塞以及改线所造成的燃油消耗成本、收费损失等用户成本以及社会成本的评估公式.由于桥面铺装... 基于改进的事件树模型,考虑维护活动的相关性以及维护时间的不确定性,建立了桥梁的维护成本计算公式;推导了在维护过程中由于交通耽搁、交通堵塞以及改线所造成的燃油消耗成本、收费损失等用户成本以及社会成本的评估公式.由于桥面铺装属易损结构,其维护对交通流将产生很大的干扰,本文通过一座桥梁桥面的维护进行实例计算,验证了该计算方法的有效性.同时对折现率、分析基准年等参数进行了分析,得出其对成本分析的影响规律.该方法适用于新建的或既有的桥梁劣化结构,同时该方法适用于在可预见的维护策略下的一座或一组桥梁的成本计算.该方法和结果对桥梁基于全寿命成本设计、维护和管理具有一定的参考价值. 展开更多
关键词 劣化桥梁 维护成本 用户成本 社会成本 改进的事件树模型 不确定性
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基于改进离散微粒群优化算法的混流装配线多目标排序 被引量:12
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作者 董巧英 阚树林 +1 位作者 桂元坤 蔡纯之 《系统仿真学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第22期7103-7108,共6页
产品投产排序是混流装配线有效运作的关键,它是标准微粒群算法无法直接应用的离散空间问题。提出改进离散微粒群优化算法来解决混流装配线多目标排序问题。提出了适应离散编码的粒子位置编码方式,有效避免了不可行解的产生,提高算法效... 产品投产排序是混流装配线有效运作的关键,它是标准微粒群算法无法直接应用的离散空间问题。提出改进离散微粒群优化算法来解决混流装配线多目标排序问题。提出了适应离散编码的粒子位置编码方式,有效避免了不可行解的产生,提高算法效率。引入了动态参数及自适应逃逸机制增强了粒子的多样性和搜索性能。分析了装配线参数变化对目标函数和相应投产序列的影响,并确定出了能够获得最优解的合理参数范围。提出评价指标对改进离散微粒群优化算法与基本离散微粒群优化算法进行了对比,对实际混流装配线的仿真实验表明提出的改进微粒群优化算法可以直接应用于离散排序问题,是一种高效的混流装配线排序算法。改进微粒群优化算法与遗传算法的仿真实验对比显示了提出方法在混流装配线排序问题中的优越性。 展开更多
关键词 混流装配线排序 改进离散微粒群优化算法 多目标 总调整费用 总闲置-超载费用
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含风电电力系统随机生产模拟的改进算法 被引量:20
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作者 曲翀 王秀丽 +1 位作者 谢绍宇 别朝红 《西安交通大学学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第6期115-121,共7页
针对传统随机生产模拟忽略负荷的时序特性而难以考虑机组启停、备用、调峰等相关动态费用的问题,将转移频率分析纳入随机生产模拟框架中,形成了改进等效电量频率法.该方法通过等效负荷频率曲线(ELFC)的卷积考虑机组启停,将生产成本分析... 针对传统随机生产模拟忽略负荷的时序特性而难以考虑机组启停、备用、调峰等相关动态费用的问题,将转移频率分析纳入随机生产模拟框架中,形成了改进等效电量频率法.该方法通过等效负荷频率曲线(ELFC)的卷积考虑机组启停,将生产成本分析的范畴拓宽到动态费用的计算.根据所提算法和含风电的EPRI-36算例,比较了风电并网前后系统可靠性指标、燃料成本、环境成本和动态费用等的变化,并研究了风电装机规模对动态费用率的影响.结果表明,相对于动态费用的增加,风电对系统可靠性与经济性的改善是主要的,但动态费用率随着风电规模的扩大而提高. 展开更多
关键词 风电 随机生产模拟 改进等效电量频率法 动态费用
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证券投资基金的一种投资组合选择模型 被引量:16
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作者 汪温泉 俞雪飞 潘德惠 《系统工程学报》 CSCD 2003年第3期279-283,共5页
以Markowitz组合证券投资模型为基础,在期望-半方差(E_Sv)风险测度条件下,针对带有交易费的投资组合优化问题进行了研究.提出了一种变形Γ-分布来描述股票的收益,给出了分布中参数的确定方法.根据中国证券投资基金的实际情况,建立了一... 以Markowitz组合证券投资模型为基础,在期望-半方差(E_Sv)风险测度条件下,针对带有交易费的投资组合优化问题进行了研究.提出了一种变形Γ-分布来描述股票的收益,给出了分布中参数的确定方法.根据中国证券投资基金的实际情况,建立了一种新的组合证券投资模型,为证券投资基金等机构投资者解决大型证券投资决策问题提供了一种方法. 展开更多
关键词 证券投资基金 投资组合选择模型 股票收益 证券市场 组合优化问题
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改性淀粉/EVA共混低成本热熔胶的制备及性能研究 被引量:13
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作者 钱志国 王永涛 +1 位作者 韩宇 任天斌 《中国胶粘剂》 CAS 北大核心 2009年第7期17-21,共5页
首先采用复合增塑剂(由甘油、甲酰胺和尿素组成)对天然淀粉进行改性,并在高温高剪切作用下制得热塑性淀粉(TPS);然后以乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)为主要原料,并辅以聚合松香、聚乙烯蜡、抗氧剂和填料等制备出新型低成本TPS/EVA热熔胶。... 首先采用复合增塑剂(由甘油、甲酰胺和尿素组成)对天然淀粉进行改性,并在高温高剪切作用下制得热塑性淀粉(TPS);然后以乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)为主要原料,并辅以聚合松香、聚乙烯蜡、抗氧剂和填料等制备出新型低成本TPS/EVA热熔胶。通过多种分析手段对产品的晶体结构、软化点、剪切强度、熔体指数(MI)及各组分间相容性等进行了研究,并对产品的性能、成本和工艺进行了分析。结果表明:当w(EVA)=30%(相对于热熔胶而言)、w(TPS)=20%(相对于热熔胶而言)时,TPS/EVA热熔胶的成本低于传统热熔胶,并且均匀度较好、粘接强度超过2.0MPa,可广泛用于纸盒、包装材料、一次性制品加工和无纺产品成型等领域。 展开更多
关键词 改性淀粉 热塑性淀粉 乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物 低成本 热熔胶
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局部晚期乳腺癌改良根治术后两种辅助放化疗模式的疗效与成本效果分析 被引量:17
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作者 陆颖 黄海欣 +2 位作者 李桂生 杨慧 陈达桂 《现代肿瘤医学》 CAS 2017年第2期209-213,共5页
目的:结合疗效从经济学角度对局部晚期乳腺癌改良根治术后FEC-T后程同步放疗和序贯放疗模式进行分析,为术后辅助治疗模式选择提供参考。方法:采用成本-效果分析对155例改良根治术后接受FEC-T后程同步放疗或序贯放疗的局部晚期乳腺癌病... 目的:结合疗效从经济学角度对局部晚期乳腺癌改良根治术后FEC-T后程同步放疗和序贯放疗模式进行分析,为术后辅助治疗模式选择提供参考。方法:采用成本-效果分析对155例改良根治术后接受FEC-T后程同步放疗或序贯放疗的局部晚期乳腺癌病例进行疗效评价及成本效果分析。结果:中位随访39个月。与序贯模式比较,后程同步放疗模式未增加不良反应;缩短平均治疗时间6.2周,改善3年无复发生存率(92.3%vs 81.8%,P=0.046),有改善3年的无疾病进展生存率和总生存率趋势;3年无疾病进展生存率的成本-效果比,后程同步模式为999.96元/%,序贯模式为1 349.31元/%,增量成本-效果比为-889.38元/%。结论:改良根治术后FEC-T后程同步放疗模式及序贯放疗模式都具有良好耐受性及疗效。后程同步放疗模式有更好的疾病控制及成本-效果比,可作为局部晚期乳腺癌的改良根治后辅助治疗模式的良好选择。 展开更多
关键词 局部晚期乳腺癌 改良根治术 放化疗模式 成本效果分析
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MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航中的多模态Kalman滤波器设计 被引量:11
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作者 唐康华 吴美平 胡小平 《中国惯性技术学报》 EI CSCD 2007年第3期307-311,共5页
一般的Kalman滤波器要求有准确的动态和统计模型,而低成本的MEMS-IMU性能随着温度急剧变化,故在MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统中使用一般的Kalman滤波器存在很多的局限性。针对低成本的MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统,提出了多模态自适应滤波算法... 一般的Kalman滤波器要求有准确的动态和统计模型,而低成本的MEMS-IMU性能随着温度急剧变化,故在MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统中使用一般的Kalman滤波器存在很多的局限性。针对低成本的MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统,提出了多模态自适应滤波算法在MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统中的应用;针对普通的多模态算法中的问题,采用修正的多模态自适应滤波算法来提高MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统的性能。使用静态实时测试数据,验证了所提出的算法。测试结果表明,与普通Kalman滤波器相比,修正的多模态滤波算法提高了MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统的性能;采用所提出的算法,MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航系统的短时间静态位置精度小于5m(标准差),速度精度小于0.1m/s(标准差),姿态角精度小于0.5°(标准差)。 展开更多
关键词 MEMS-IMU/GPS组合导航 修正的多模态滤波 KALMAN滤波器 低成本
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InSAR相位解缠算法研究 被引量:19
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作者 程璞 许才军 王华 《大地测量与地球动力学》 CSCD 北大核心 2007年第3期50-55,共6页
介绍和比较了现有的3种常用相位解缠算法,同时提出一种改进经典残差缺口解缠算法:由GPS高程转换的可靠相位值在解缠过程中能帮助正确设置枝切路径及起算点,避免低质量区域的误差对高质量区域解缠结果产生影响,即使在噪声大的地区亦能获... 介绍和比较了现有的3种常用相位解缠算法,同时提出一种改进经典残差缺口解缠算法:由GPS高程转换的可靠相位值在解缠过程中能帮助正确设置枝切路径及起算点,避免低质量区域的误差对高质量区域解缠结果产生影响,即使在噪声大的地区亦能获得较理想的解缠结果。 展开更多
关键词 INSAR 相位解缠 改进残差缺口法 最小二乘法 统计耗费网络流算法
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