Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Effect of Modified Qiwei Baishu Powder in Diabetes

Objective:To study the mechanism of action and therapeutic effect of modified Qiwei Baishu powder in diabetic patients.Methods:From January 2021 to January 2022,80 diabetic patients were recruited in our study and divided into two groups by the random number table method.Group A was treated with modified Qiwei Baishu powder,whereas group B was treated with western medicine.The therapeutic effect,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,blood sugar level,and incidence of adverse reaction were compared between the two groups.Result:The therapeutic effect in group A was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05);the TCM syndrome scores of group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05);the fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 hour-postprandial blood glucose(PBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels of group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reaction in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of western medicine,the addition of modified Qiwei Baishu powder can maintain stable blood sugar levels in patients and alleviate diabetic symptoms;thus,it is not only effective,but also safe for clinical use in diabetes.

Hybrid Modified Rubber Powder and Its Application in Cement Mortar

This research focused on using the waste rubber powder as a kind of regenerate resources to improve the mechanical properties of cement mortar.The two kinds of hybrid modified rubber powder TRP and ATRP were prepared by sol-gel method and then used in cement mortar.The structures and properties of them were studied.It is shown that the nano Si-O-Si network is generated in TRP and ATRP networks and the hydrophilic group is grafted on the surface of ATRP.The mechanical properties of rubber-treated mortar（RTM） were tested and the microstructures of them were also studied.Compared to the mortars with unmodified rubber powders（RP）,NaOH treated rubber powder（SRP） and coupling agent treated rubber powder（CRP）,the RTM with ATRP has the highest compressive strength and flexural strength.The stress-strain curves shown that the peak of stress of RTM with ATRP is increased and indicated the higher compression deformation and toughness.It is found that the interfacial adhesion between the ATRP and cement mortar is increased distinctly by SEM,which results in enhanced ductility and mechanical properties of RTM with ATRP.

Strengthening of HT250 by modified ultra-fine ceramic powders

In this study, three kinds of modified ultra-fine ceramic powders marked A, B and C, which were prepared by each of three different modifiers mixing with a commercial SiC, were added to HT250 cast iron, respectively, and the effects of the modified ultra-fine ceramic powders on microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance were studied. Metallographic examination, tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, and three-dimensional surface topography were applied to analyze and compare the samples containing modified powder with the original samples. The results showed that the most obvious modification effect among the powders was seen in the sample containing powder A, with the graphite and eutectic cells being refined, the tensile strength being increased by 36.9%, and the wear resistance being improved by 45.5% and 47.2% under loads of 150 N and 300 N, respectively. The improvements of mechanical properties and wear resistance in the HT250 cast iron with the modified ultra-fine ceramic powders were attributed to the synergistic effect of the grain refinement with the powder acting as a hard particle phase and the lubrication by the graphite.

Effects of Zhenren Yangzang Decoction Combined with Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder on Immune Function and Intestinal Microecology of Diarrhea Patients with Deficiency and Cold Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Zhenren Yangzang Decoction combined with modified Shenling Baizhu Powder on the immune function and intestinal microecology of diarrhea patients with deficiency and cold syndrome. METHODS: A total of 60 diarrhea patients with deficiency and cold syndrome were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine. The observation group was given the treatment of Zhenren Yangzang Decoction combined with modified Shenling Baizhu Powder on the basis of the same treatment for 4 weeks. The clinical symptoms, fecal flora and immunoglobulin content of the 2 groups were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, the symptoms scores of fecal diarrhea, aversion to cold, cold limbs, loss of appetite, cold and painful waist and knee, abdominal fullness, abdominal distension and abdominal pain, and intestinal bacilli contents were significantly decreased(P < 0.05). The contents of lactobacillus, bifidus bacilli, IgG, IgM and IgA were significantly increased(P < 0.05), and the improvement of the above indexes in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P < 0.05). The total effective rate after treatment in the observation group was 93.3%, which was significantly higher than 73.3% of the control group(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The treatment of diarrhea patients with deficiency and cold syndrome with Zhenren Yangzang Decoction and modified Shenling Baizhu Powder can effectively improve the intestinal micro-ecological environment, improve the immune function of patients and promote the rapid recovery of patients.

STUDY ON THE FUNCTION OF REINFORCED RUBBER OF MODIFIED POWDERED COAL ASH

The powdered coal ash (PCA) was classified, then the ash particle (- 45μm) was modified by a surface active agent and obtained modified powder coal ash (MPCA). The character of the MPC was investigated, when it was used as a new type reinforced filler of rubber.The results show that MPCA can replace or party replace carbon black or silica as reinforced fillers of rubbers.

Modification of Powder Compaction Equation of Kawakita

Based on an analysis of the validity of the powder compaction equation of Kawakita,a modified compaction equation is proposed.It is shown by the statistical analysis on the experimental compaction data of various powders that in most cases the proposed equation provides a better description of the compaction data than Kawakita's equation,especially in the cases of the compaction of hard material powders.

Modification of Carbon Nanotube Powder Microelectrode and Nitrite Reduction

The properties of the carbon nanotube powder microelectrodes (denoted CNTPME) are remarkably altered by anodic pretreatment and preadsorption of mediators. It seems that anodic pretreatment leads the long and tangled carbon nanotubes to be partially cut shorter, resulting in more openings as shown by TEM. Besides, the anodic pretreatment may adjust the hydrophobicity of nanotubes to match with that of Os(bpy)32+. As a result, the real surface area and the ability of adsorbing mediator Os(bpy)32+ of the nanotubes are markedly increased so as to effectively catalyze NO2- reduction in acidic solution.

胶粉纤维改性水泥稳定碎石抗裂性能研究

针对水泥稳定碎石基层易开裂问题,在混合料中掺入适量胶粉及聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维,开展强度、抗压回弹模量、干缩性能和扫描电镜试验(SEM);分别掺入橡胶粉、改性胶粉、PVA纤维、不同水泥剂量的胶粉纤维,对比其对混合料抗裂性能的影响。发现掺入材料对水泥稳定碎石混合料性能具有明显影响。掺入胶粉、改性胶粉后会降低混合料强度和抗压回弹模量,提升抗干缩性能;掺入纤维能增强混合料强度、模量和抗干缩性能;加入不同水泥剂量的胶粉纤维对混合料强度、抗压回弹模量提升效果明显,但降低了抗干缩性能;宏观力学指标试验和SEM试验结果显示出改性胶粉纤维与水泥基具有良好的黏结性,可以提升水泥稳定碎石混合料的抗裂能力。

加味芎蝎散对咳嗽高敏综合征大鼠神经源性炎症的影响

目的探讨加味芎蝎散对咳嗽高敏综合征大鼠咳嗽及神经源性炎症的影响。方法取雄性SD大鼠36只,随机选取6只作为正常组,剩余大鼠采用密室烟熏法建立咳嗽高敏综合征模型。将造模成功大鼠随机分成5组,每组6只。加味芎蝎散高、中、低剂量组分别给予加味芎蝎散12 g/(kg·d)、6 g/(kg·d)、3 g/(kg·d)灌胃,磷酸可待因组给予磷酸可待因10 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,正常组及模型组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃,均连续灌胃3周。分别在灌胃1周、2周、3周末进行咳嗽反应检测,记录3 min内的咳嗽次数;灌胃3周后,HE染色观察肺组织病理形态,尼氏染色观察大脑皮质神经元尼氏体,免疫组化法检测支气管组织中P物质(SP)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、瞬态电压感受器阳离子通道(TRPV1)蛋白和大脑皮质中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)表达情况。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠咳嗽次数明显增多(P<0.05);支气管黏膜上皮变性,平滑肌层排列紊乱、增生,管壁大量炎性细胞浸润;神经元细胞形态不规则,尼氏体减少;支气管组织中SP、CGRP、TRPV1蛋白表达积分光密度值和大脑皮质中IL-6、IL-1β表达积分光密度值均明显升高(P均<0.05)。与模型组比较,加味芎蝎散高、中剂量组大鼠咳嗽次数明显减少(P均<0.05),病理变化均有不同程度的减轻,支气管组织中SP、CGRP、TRPV1蛋白表达积分光密度值和大脑皮质中IL-6、IL-1β表达积分光密度值均明显降低(P均<0.05)。结论加味芎蝎散可以明显减轻咳嗽高敏综合征大鼠气道上皮及大脑皮质神经元病变,抑制咳嗽反射,机制可能与抑制神经源性炎症有关。

从络病探析功能性肛门直肠痛

络病广泛存在于各类外感重症及内伤疑难杂病之中,功能性肛门直肠痛作为肛肠科非器质性难治性疾病,往往缠绵难愈,给患者的身心健康以及日常生活带来极大困扰,其契合络病“久病入络”的病程演变规律。现代医学认为其主要与肠-脑互动异常、盆腔神经肌肉功能紊乱、精神心理等因素相关。本文重点阐述从络病论治功能性肛门直肠痛的理论,认为本病的病位在肠络,络中气血升降失常,清阳浊阴交争导致络脉绌急是本病发生的关键。对于功能性肛门直肠痛的治疗策略应当以复通络脉中气血升降有序为着眼点,病在局部而治在整体,采用补虚以荣络、辛温以通络、祛瘀以通络、藤虫以搜络等法,充分展现中医辨证论治以及络病学说的特色,以期对临床诊疗提供进一步导向。

加味升降散对早期糖尿病肾病患者肾小管功能的影响

目的:观察加味升降散对早期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者肾小管功能的影响及其作用机制。方法:选取2018年3月至2019年10月河北省中医院肾内科门诊及住院部收治的早期DN患者92例作为研究对象,中医辨证属气阴两虚、浊毒郁热证。用简单随机化法分为对照组和观察组,每组46例。对照组给予基础治疗;观察组在基础治疗上加服加味升降散,疗程均为2个月。记录2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分;临床指标:糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),低密度脂蛋白(LDL),总胆固醇(TC),尿微量白蛋白排泄率(UAER),肾小球滤过率(GFR);肾小管功能标志物:β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG),肝型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP),α1-微球蛋白(α1-MG);氧化应激指标:NADPH氧化酶4(NOX4),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率为92.68%,对照组为81.40%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组患者中医证候积分、HbA1c、TC、LDL、UAER均较前下降,且观察组下降更为显著(均P<0.05);2组患者治疗前后GFR变化不明显,α1-MG、β2-MG、L-FABP水平均较前降低,且观察组下降更显著(均P<0.05);2组患者NOX4表达受到抑制,T-AOC、SOD水平回升(均P<0.05),观察组患者NOX4表达的下降以及T-AOC、SOD水平的回升更显著(P<0.05);2组患者均未出现不良反应。结论:加味升降散能够改善早期DN患者临床症状,调节氧化-抗氧化失衡,减轻氧化应激,缓解肾小管损伤。

改性磷尾矿粉对红壤生境玉米生长及土壤理化性状的影响

通过玉米田间试验,研究改性磷尾矿粉对红壤生境玉米生长及土壤理化性状的影响,为磷尾矿的合理利用以及酸性红壤农田防治施肥技术提供理论依据。供试玉米试验地位于曲靖市马龙县旧县镇,设置如下处理:(1)当地习惯施肥(CK);(2)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉3000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1));(3)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉6000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(2));(4)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉9000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3));(5)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉12000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(4));(6)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉15000 kg/hm^(2)(T5),每个处理3次重复,测定玉米产量和pH、有机质、交换性钙等土壤理化性质。结果表明:施用改性磷尾矿粉显著提高土壤pH,较CK最高提高了23.20%,显著降低了交换性酸总量、交换性Al^(3+)含量和有效锰含量,最高分别降低了79%、70%和29.18%;施用改性磷尾矿粉提高了土壤交换性钙,较CK,最高显著提升了38.19%;施用改性磷尾矿粉的百粒重最高较CK处理提高了4.03%,对玉米产量无显著影响。施用改性磷尾矿粉可通过降低土壤交换性酸,提高阳离子交换量、土壤交换性钙来消减土壤酸化,不同施用量的改性磷尾矿粉对土壤和玉米的影响有所差异,其中施用6000 kg/hm^(2)的改性磷尾矿粉(T_(3)处理)是最优的施肥方案,它可以在不影响玉米产量的前提下,最大程度地改善土壤理化性质,降低土壤酸化程度,增加土壤团聚体稳定性。

补阳还五汤合升降散治疗糖尿病肾病临床观察

目的观察补阳还五汤合升降散加减对Ⅲ、Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病(DKD)的治疗效果,为临床实践提供理论依据。方法将80例DKD患者随机分为2组,治疗组采用补阳还五汤合升降散加减治疗,对照组给予盐酸贝那普利片治疗。治疗12周后,观察治疗前后2组中医临床症状积分、血糖、肾功能、24 h尿蛋白定量等的变化。结果对于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期DKD患者,治疗12周后,治疗组中医临床症状积分、血糖、肾功能、24 h尿蛋白定量等均较对照组改善明显(P<0.05)。结论补阳还五汤合升降散加减治疗DKD效果满意,可以更好地降低尿蛋白、延缓DKD进程、改善生活质量。

加味四妙散对湿热痹阻型慢性痛风性关节炎炎症因子的影响及相关性分析

目的:通过分析慢性痛风与白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与中医症状及临床指标间存在的关联性,探究加味四妙散治疗慢性痛风的作用机制。方法:60例符合纳入标准的湿热痹阻型慢性痛风性关节炎患者,依据随机数字表随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,同时设健康组30例。对照组给予口服非布司他治疗;观察组在对照组的基础上联合加味四妙散治疗,治疗周期为4周。观察患者一般临床资料、中医症状积分、生化学指标,同时采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6水平,分析IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α与中医证候积分及生化学指标的相关性。结果:与健康组相比,慢性痛风患者IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平显著升高(P<0.01);慢性痛风患者关节疼痛、关节肿胀、大便黏滞及舌象与IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6呈正相关,关节压痛、关节发热及身体倦怠与IL-1β、TNF-α呈正相关;黏腻、口苦及小便与TNF-α呈正相关,脉象与IL-1β呈正相关,IL-1β与FPG、TC、ESR、VAS评分呈正相关,TNF-α与BMI、UA、HDL、ESR、VAS评分呈正相关,与HDL呈负相关,IL-6与SBP、UA、CRP呈正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01);两组患者治疗后组内比较,IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6水平显著降低(P<0.01),组间比较,观察组IL-1β水平较治疗组显著降低(P<0.05);与本组治疗前比较,两组患者关节疼痛,关节压痛,关节肿胀,关节发热,活动障碍,身困倦怠,黏腻、口苦,小便黄赤,舌象中医症状评分均明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与对照组治疗后比较,观察组患者关节发热,身困倦怠,黏腻、口苦,大便黏滞,小便黄赤,舌象,脉象积分均明显降低(P<0.05);与本组治疗前比较,BMI、SBP、DBP、UA、Scr、BUN、FPG、LDL、TG、TC、ESR、CRP、IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平及VAS评分均明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);与对照组治疗后比较,观察组患者BMI、ESR、IL-1β水平及VAS评分均明显降低(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为80.0%(24/30),对照组总有效率为56.7%(17/30),观察组总有效率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.916,P<0.05)。结论:痛风患者的IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平与肥胖、血糖、血脂、UA、关节肿痛、炎症状况及全身症状密切相关;加味四妙散可有效改善湿热痹阻型慢性痛风性关节炎的临床症状并减轻炎症反应,且有较好的安全性,其机制可能与抑制IL-1β相关炎症信号通路有关。

微纳化封装芳香载体的制备及缓释性能研究

芳香纺织品是备受关注的功能纺织品。芳香气味具有舒缓压力、调节情绪、改善睡眠等功效。但是芳香物质存在易挥发的问题,提高香味的长效释放和耐水洗性一直是芳香纺织品制备有待解决的问题。文中以硅烷偶联剂对纳米二氧化硅进行表面结构调控处理,构建有机-无机复合材料,探索芳香物质微纳化封装;将微纳化封装的芳香载体材料通过原位固定法负载到织物上,并对织物的芳香释放性能和耐久效果进行评价。结果表明,由微纳化封装的有机-无机复合芳香载体制备的芳香纤维结构体具有适宜的香气和长效释放的效果,由此形成的织物加香技术,可广泛应用于纺织品芳香整理,在芳香功能纺织品的制备应用中拥有巨大潜力。

玉屏风散加减联合西药治疗促进轻型新冠病毒感染孕妇核酸转阴的疗效观察

[目的]探讨玉屏风散加减联合西药治疗轻型新冠病毒感染孕妇的临床疗效。[方法]以上海市公共卫生临床中心2022年4月至6月收治的轻型新冠病毒感染孕妇作为研究对象,随机分成治疗组(48例)及对照组(52例)。对照组给予退热、止咳对症及维生素C等西药治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上给予玉屏风散加减治疗。对比两组患者治疗前后的各症状积分、不良妊娠结局发生率、总有效率和淋巴细胞、C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-2受体、白细胞介素-6等实验室指标变化,并观察两组患者病毒核酸转阴和疾病转归情况。[结果]与对照组比较,治疗组症状总积分显著下降(P<0.001),总有效率显著升高(P<0.01),炎症指标C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6水平较前显著下降(P<0.001,P<0.01),而淋巴细胞计数较前显著升高(P<0.001),不良妊娠结局发生率两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]玉屏风散加减联合西药治疗可显著改善轻型新冠病毒感染孕妇的临床症状,缩短核酸转阴时间,且不会增加不良妊娠结局,具有一定的临床价值,值得临床推广应用。

泻黄散加味治疗脾胃积热型小儿便秘疗效及对证候积分的影响

目的研究泻黄散加味与排便训练联合治疗脾胃积热型小儿便秘疗效以及对证候积分和复发的影响。方法将2019年7月—2021年7月共101例脾胃积热型便秘患儿纳入研究,采用随机数字表法将患儿分为两组,分别为对照组50例和观察组51例,对照组接受双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊和排便训练,而观察组采用泻黄散加味颗粒和排便训练治疗。观察治疗后2组患儿用药前后便秘改善程度及临床疗效差异,比较治疗前后2组患儿中医证候积分、胃肠激素水平[血清胃动素(MTL)、胃泌素(GAS)、胃饥饿素(GHR)]、血清学指标水平[血清P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)、一氧化氮(NO)],统计2组不良反应以及半年内复发率并进行比较。结果治疗4周后,2组便秘患者症状自评量表(PAC-SYM)各项评分、大便干结、腹胀、舌红苔黄、口干口臭均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);2组患儿MTL、GAS、GHR、SP、VIP指标均较治疗前显著提升(P<0.05),且观察组比对照组更高(P<0.05),NO显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组比对照组更低(P<0.05)。2组患儿在治疗期间不良反应发生率相似,差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有患儿治疗2个月均已治愈,经过6个月的随访,观察组便秘复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论泻黄散加味与排便训练联合治疗脾胃积热型患儿便秘表现出显著效果,使患儿便秘症状和胃肠激素表达均得到可观改善,纠正其消化系统的神经调节机制,有利于预防复发。

矿渣微粉改良红层填料的力学特性及其机理分析

为研究矿渣微粉改良红层填料的力学特性及其作用机理,通过无侧限抗压强度、直剪等试验,对不同矿渣微粉掺量下的红层填料进行了强度特性分析,并采用X衍射、热重分析、红外光谱、激光粒度、核磁共振和扫描电镜等微观分析方法,围绕矿渣微粉改良土体的作用机理进行了研究。试验结果表明,矿渣微粉对红层填料的力学强度和水稳定性具有较好的改良作用,改良填料的无侧限抗压强度由0.76 MPa逐渐增大至3.10 MPa;黏聚力与内摩擦角也得到了显著提高。通过红外光谱、激光粒度和核磁共振分析发现,改良填料颗粒间Al^(3+)阳离子配位的振动峰增强,降低了黏土矿物的双电层厚度,土颗粒团聚性显著增强,孔隙分布得到优化;通过X射线衍射和热重分析证明了水化产物的生成过程;扫描电镜观测到改良填料的具体作用机理:主要为填充效应和胶凝效应,其胶凝效应包括水化作用和离子交换作用。对微观扫描图的定量化分析进一步表明土体结构复杂程度增大,颗粒粗糙程度及骨架性增强。

改性贝壳粉吸附处理重金属废水的应用研究进展

改性贝壳粉作为一种天然吸附材料,具有廉价易得、可重复利用等优点,可用于处理重金属废水。本文首先系统阐述了重金属废水的危害,简要概括了贝壳粉常见的改性方法,以及不同改性方法的作用原理;其次,分析了影响改性贝壳粉吸附效果的因素,并阐述了改性贝壳粉吸附处理重金属废水的机理;最后,总结了改性贝壳粉吸附处理重金属废水可能的发展趋势,并期望未来能够探索出更高效的改性方法和最适宜的反应条件。

微藻生物油对橡胶/SBS改性沥青性能的影响

为了改善橡胶粉与基质沥青的相容性,采用微藻生物油(MB)对橡胶粉进行改性,并与质量分数为5%的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS)复合制备了改性沥青;通过红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜,分析了橡胶粉改性前后的变化;采用黏度、荧光、相分离测试,分析了改性前后橡胶在沥青中的分散性;通过动态剪切流变和多重应力蠕变恢复试验,分析了改性沥青的力学性能和耐老化性能。结果表明,MB的掺入提高混合体系中轻组分占比,促进胶粉(CR)在沥青中的溶胀发育,提高了改性沥青的贮藏稳定性、黏弹性和抗车辙性。