A novel DC traction power supply system suitable for energy feeding and de-icing is proposed in this paper for an urban rail transit catenary on the basis of the full bridge submodule (FBSM) modular multilevel convert...A novel DC traction power supply system suitable for energy feeding and de-icing is proposed in this paper for an urban rail transit catenary on the basis of the full bridge submodule (FBSM) modular multilevel converter (MMC). The FBSM-MMC is a novel type of voltage source converter (VSC) and can directly control the output DC voltage and conduct bipolar currents, thus flexibly controlling the power flow of the urban rail transit catenary. The proposed topology can overcome the inherent disadvantages of the output voltage drop in the diode rectifier units, increase the power supply distance and reduce the number of traction substations. The flexible DC technology can coordinate multiple FBSM-MMCs in a wide area and jointly complete the bidirectional control of catenary power flow during the operation of the electric locomotive, so as to realize the local consumption and optimal utilization of the recovered braking energy of the train. In addition, the FBSM-MMCs can also adjust the output current when the locomotive is out of service to prevent the catenary from icing in winter. The working modes of the proposed topology are illustrated in detail and the control strategy is specially designed for normal locomotive operations and catenary de-icing. Simulation cases conducted by PSCAD/EMTDC validate the proposed topology and its control strategy.展开更多
This paper introduces an isolated reversible DC-DC converter with a particular topology, which benefits from both the NPC （neutral point clamped） structure and the series-parallel connection of converters. The key p...This paper introduces an isolated reversible DC-DC converter with a particular topology, which benefits from both the NPC （neutral point clamped） structure and the series-parallel connection of converters. The key property of the proposed topology is the output voltage elevation above the blocking capabilities of each switch, without taking to a delicate synchronization of series-connected semiconductors. The converter is composed by two identical cells, each containing a full bridge, a medium frequency transformer and an NPC converter, connected in parallel at the input and in series at the output. The operation principle of each cell, into which a trapezoidal modulation was implemented, is similar to a DAB （dual active bridge）. A new model improves the dynamic performance of the controller. Simulation and experimental results verify the proposed topology, its control and start-up strategy.展开更多
模块化多电平换流器高压直流输电(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC)由于具备自换相能力,尤其适用于向弱交流电网供电。交流系统强度降低时,会制约系统的直流功率传输能力,甚至导致系统失稳。...模块化多电平换流器高压直流输电(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC)由于具备自换相能力,尤其适用于向弱交流电网供电。交流系统强度降低时,会制约系统的直流功率传输能力,甚至导致系统失稳。针对联接弱交流电网时MMC-HVDC系统功率传输受限的问题,建立了状态空间与直流阻抗模型,从时域、频域两方面研究了交流系统强度对直流功率传输能力的影响,明确了弱交流电网工况下功率传输受限的原因。基于参与因子定位结果,提出了在定直流电压控制环节引入直流电流反馈的功率传输能力提升方法,从时域、频域两方面对控制策略的提升作用进行了机理分析,并定量得出了控制参数的可行域及功率传输能力的最大提升水平。该方法在避免稳态误差的前提下,有效提升了MMC-HVDC系统的直流功率传输能力。展开更多
如何对直流故障电流进行有效抑制是实现柔性直流电网大规模发展的关键。为此,研究模块化多电平变换器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的控制方法,提出一种针对半桥型MMC的两段式限流保护策略,通过减少子模块的投入数目来降低换流站...如何对直流故障电流进行有效抑制是实现柔性直流电网大规模发展的关键。为此,研究模块化多电平变换器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的控制方法,提出一种针对半桥型MMC的两段式限流保护策略,通过减少子模块的投入数目来降低换流站直流出口电压,达到限制短路电流的目的。首先,介绍MMC的拓扑结构及基于MMC的高压直流输电(MMC based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC)系统控制策略;其次,分析两段式限流保护策略的原理与直流故障电流特性,介绍MMC-HVDC系统的直流故障保护策略;最后,通过双端MMC-HVDC系统仿真实验,对所提限流保护策略的有效性进行验证。仿真结果表明,两段式限流保护策略可以有效降低断路器开断电流和吸收能量,节约成本。展开更多
The modular multilevel converter(MMC)is a promising topology for medium-voltage drive applications due to its high-quality output waveforms,low device switching frequency and voltage rating.However,the large cell capa...The modular multilevel converter(MMC)is a promising topology for medium-voltage drive applications due to its high-quality output waveforms,low device switching frequency and voltage rating.However,the large cell capacitor voltage ripple is a severe challenge faced by MMC at low motor speeds.Recently,a hybrid MMC(HMMC)topology is proven to be a competitive solution because of its lower cell capacitor voltage ripple and not demonstrating a common-mode voltage(CMV)problem compared with other methods.However,the DC-link switch with IGBT limits HMMC from being applied in highvoltage applications.This paper uses a thyristor instead of IGBT as the DC-link switch.To ensure the thyristor can be softly turned on and safely turned off,a new control scheme is proposed.When using this proposed scheme,HMMC can also tolerate the failure of the thyristor being turned-off without shutting down the system,effectively improving its reliability.The cell capacitor voltage ripple analysis is presented considering the effects of the thyristor switching process.In addition,a decoupled energy balancing control is utilized to suppress the fluctuation of the DC current.Experimental results obtained from a 380 V/7.5 kW downscaled prototype validate the effectiveness of starting up a motor from the standby mode to rated speed applying full-torque.展开更多
Non-isolated DC/DC converter based on modular multilevel converter(MMC)technology is expected to play an important role in future DC transmission grids.This paper presents a phasor analytical model for this new family...Non-isolated DC/DC converter based on modular multilevel converter(MMC)technology is expected to play an important role in future DC transmission grids.This paper presents a phasor analytical model for this new family of converters which is suitable for a range of studies like DC grid power flow or DC/DC parametric design.The 30th-order phasor model is derived in 3 coordinate frames:zero sequence(DC),fundamental frequency(dq),and double frequency(d2q2).The second-harmonic current suppression control is included as an option.Additionally,an estimation of the required control signals is presented,and a closed-loop model is developed which facilitates direct calculation of all variables and fast parametric studies.The accuracy of the proposed models is verified against a detailed PSCAD model for a wide range of parameters.The studies illustrate the importance of the second-harmonic components on the model accuracy.Finally,the impact of the converter parameters on the performance is studied,and a basic eigenvalue stability analysis is given.展开更多
There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power flow.In order to tackle these issues,a DC power flow controller(DCPFC)is incorporated into a multi-terminal,flexible D...There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power flow.In order to tackle these issues,a DC power flow controller(DCPFC)is incorporated into a multi-terminal,flexible DC power grid.In recent years,a multi-port DC power flow controller based on a modular multi-level converter has become a focal point of research due to its simple structure and robust scalability.This work proposes a model predictive control(MPC)strategy for multi-port interline DC power flow controllers in order to improve their steady-state dynamic performance.Initially,the mathematical model of a multi-terminal DC power grid with a multi-port interline DC power flow controller is developed,and the relationship between each regulated variable and control variable is determined;The power flow controller is then discretized,and the cost function and weight factor are built with numerous control objectives.Sub module sorting method and nearest level approximation modulation regulate the power flow controller;Lastly,theMATLAB/Simulink simulation platformis used to verify the correctness of the establishedmathematicalmodel and the control performance of the suggestedMPC strategy.Finally,it is demonstrated that the control strategy possesses the benefits of robust dynamic performance,multiobjective control,and a simple structure.展开更多
研究一种基于多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统,该系统可有助于减小超级电容单体电压低与应用场合电压高间的矛盾。超级电容组间的均压控制是该系统稳定运行的关键之一。对超级电容组的均压控制和储能系统能量管理策略进...研究一种基于多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统,该系统可有助于减小超级电容单体电压低与应用场合电压高间的矛盾。超级电容组间的均压控制是该系统稳定运行的关键之一。对超级电容组的均压控制和储能系统能量管理策略进行分析和设计。利用双向变换器的小信号模型分析超级电容储能系统电流控制与超级电容组间均压控制的关系,设计多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的双闭环控制策略,在稳定控制网侧电感电流的同时实现超级电容组间电压均衡的解耦控制。进一步,根据母线电压变化及超级电容荷电水平(state of charge,SOC)提出储能系统能量控制策略。系统仿真和实验验证了所提出的基于MMC双向变换器的超级电容储能系统控制策略的有效性。展开更多
基金supported in part by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB1200801)Continuous Co-phase Traction Power System based on Static Power Converter(20192001148).
文摘A novel DC traction power supply system suitable for energy feeding and de-icing is proposed in this paper for an urban rail transit catenary on the basis of the full bridge submodule (FBSM) modular multilevel converter (MMC). The FBSM-MMC is a novel type of voltage source converter (VSC) and can directly control the output DC voltage and conduct bipolar currents, thus flexibly controlling the power flow of the urban rail transit catenary. The proposed topology can overcome the inherent disadvantages of the output voltage drop in the diode rectifier units, increase the power supply distance and reduce the number of traction substations. The flexible DC technology can coordinate multiple FBSM-MMCs in a wide area and jointly complete the bidirectional control of catenary power flow during the operation of the electric locomotive, so as to realize the local consumption and optimal utilization of the recovered braking energy of the train. In addition, the FBSM-MMCs can also adjust the output current when the locomotive is out of service to prevent the catenary from icing in winter. The working modes of the proposed topology are illustrated in detail and the control strategy is specially designed for normal locomotive operations and catenary de-icing. Simulation cases conducted by PSCAD/EMTDC validate the proposed topology and its control strategy.
文摘This paper introduces an isolated reversible DC-DC converter with a particular topology, which benefits from both the NPC （neutral point clamped） structure and the series-parallel connection of converters. The key property of the proposed topology is the output voltage elevation above the blocking capabilities of each switch, without taking to a delicate synchronization of series-connected semiconductors. The converter is composed by two identical cells, each containing a full bridge, a medium frequency transformer and an NPC converter, connected in parallel at the input and in series at the output. The operation principle of each cell, into which a trapezoidal modulation was implemented, is similar to a DAB （dual active bridge）. A new model improves the dynamic performance of the controller. Simulation and experimental results verify the proposed topology, its control and start-up strategy.
文摘模块化多电平换流器高压直流输电(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC)由于具备自换相能力,尤其适用于向弱交流电网供电。交流系统强度降低时,会制约系统的直流功率传输能力,甚至导致系统失稳。针对联接弱交流电网时MMC-HVDC系统功率传输受限的问题,建立了状态空间与直流阻抗模型,从时域、频域两方面研究了交流系统强度对直流功率传输能力的影响,明确了弱交流电网工况下功率传输受限的原因。基于参与因子定位结果,提出了在定直流电压控制环节引入直流电流反馈的功率传输能力提升方法,从时域、频域两方面对控制策略的提升作用进行了机理分析,并定量得出了控制参数的可行域及功率传输能力的最大提升水平。该方法在避免稳态误差的前提下,有效提升了MMC-HVDC系统的直流功率传输能力。
文摘如何对直流故障电流进行有效抑制是实现柔性直流电网大规模发展的关键。为此,研究模块化多电平变换器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的控制方法,提出一种针对半桥型MMC的两段式限流保护策略,通过减少子模块的投入数目来降低换流站直流出口电压,达到限制短路电流的目的。首先,介绍MMC的拓扑结构及基于MMC的高压直流输电(MMC based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC)系统控制策略;其次,分析两段式限流保护策略的原理与直流故障电流特性,介绍MMC-HVDC系统的直流故障保护策略;最后,通过双端MMC-HVDC系统仿真实验,对所提限流保护策略的有效性进行验证。仿真结果表明,两段式限流保护策略可以有效降低断路器开断电流和吸收能量,节约成本。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51720105008 and 52177173。
文摘The modular multilevel converter(MMC)is a promising topology for medium-voltage drive applications due to its high-quality output waveforms,low device switching frequency and voltage rating.However,the large cell capacitor voltage ripple is a severe challenge faced by MMC at low motor speeds.Recently,a hybrid MMC(HMMC)topology is proven to be a competitive solution because of its lower cell capacitor voltage ripple and not demonstrating a common-mode voltage(CMV)problem compared with other methods.However,the DC-link switch with IGBT limits HMMC from being applied in highvoltage applications.This paper uses a thyristor instead of IGBT as the DC-link switch.To ensure the thyristor can be softly turned on and safely turned off,a new control scheme is proposed.When using this proposed scheme,HMMC can also tolerate the failure of the thyristor being turned-off without shutting down the system,effectively improving its reliability.The cell capacitor voltage ripple analysis is presented considering the effects of the thyristor switching process.In addition,a decoupled energy balancing control is utilized to suppress the fluctuation of the DC current.Experimental results obtained from a 380 V/7.5 kW downscaled prototype validate the effectiveness of starting up a motor from the standby mode to rated speed applying full-torque.
文摘Non-isolated DC/DC converter based on modular multilevel converter(MMC)technology is expected to play an important role in future DC transmission grids.This paper presents a phasor analytical model for this new family of converters which is suitable for a range of studies like DC grid power flow or DC/DC parametric design.The 30th-order phasor model is derived in 3 coordinate frames:zero sequence(DC),fundamental frequency(dq),and double frequency(d2q2).The second-harmonic current suppression control is included as an option.Additionally,an estimation of the required control signals is presented,and a closed-loop model is developed which facilitates direct calculation of all variables and fast parametric studies.The accuracy of the proposed models is verified against a detailed PSCAD model for a wide range of parameters.The studies illustrate the importance of the second-harmonic components on the model accuracy.Finally,the impact of the converter parameters on the performance is studied,and a basic eigenvalue stability analysis is given.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (52177074).
文摘There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power flow.In order to tackle these issues,a DC power flow controller(DCPFC)is incorporated into a multi-terminal,flexible DC power grid.In recent years,a multi-port DC power flow controller based on a modular multi-level converter has become a focal point of research due to its simple structure and robust scalability.This work proposes a model predictive control(MPC)strategy for multi-port interline DC power flow controllers in order to improve their steady-state dynamic performance.Initially,the mathematical model of a multi-terminal DC power grid with a multi-port interline DC power flow controller is developed,and the relationship between each regulated variable and control variable is determined;The power flow controller is then discretized,and the cost function and weight factor are built with numerous control objectives.Sub module sorting method and nearest level approximation modulation regulate the power flow controller;Lastly,theMATLAB/Simulink simulation platformis used to verify the correctness of the establishedmathematicalmodel and the control performance of the suggestedMPC strategy.Finally,it is demonstrated that the control strategy possesses the benefits of robust dynamic performance,multiobjective control,and a simple structure.
文摘研究一种基于多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统,该系统可有助于减小超级电容单体电压低与应用场合电压高间的矛盾。超级电容组间的均压控制是该系统稳定运行的关键之一。对超级电容组的均压控制和储能系统能量管理策略进行分析和设计。利用双向变换器的小信号模型分析超级电容储能系统电流控制与超级电容组间均压控制的关系,设计多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的双闭环控制策略,在稳定控制网侧电感电流的同时实现超级电容组间电压均衡的解耦控制。进一步,根据母线电压变化及超级电容荷电水平(state of charge,SOC)提出储能系统能量控制策略。系统仿真和实验验证了所提出的基于MMC双向变换器的超级电容储能系统控制策略的有效性。
