Cold Fusion Based on Matter-Antimatter Plasma Formed in Molecular Crystals

The main purpose of this work is to shed light on the possibility of producing huge amount of energy based on the construction matter-antimatter plasma in a molecular crystal. It is assumed that two beams of isothermal hydrogen and antihydrogen are injected into a palladium crystal leading to a plasma state composed of particles and antiparticles. The collapse of this state releases a huge amount of energy which can be used as fuel for space shuttles. Thus, the novel system of isothermal pressure interaction enhances the energy power carried out by the quantum ion acoustic soliton (QIAS). In addition to the energy power released from the particle-antiparticle annihilation. The probability of merging the energy from these two cases is available at certain condition. The released energy may be a significant step in solving the energy scape of Tokomak to produce fusion energy. The study starting from the one-dimensional quantum hydrodynamic model (in which the term of electron-positron and proton-antiproton for hydrogen-antihydrogen is included), a Korteweg de Vries equation (kdv) is derived, the QIAS energy experiences and the annihilation energy power are calculated. It is found that the total energy of QIAS and the energy resulting from hydrogen-antihydrogen annihilation are important step towards the establishment of a cold fusion power station.

Enhanced charge transport in 2D inorganic molecular crystals constructed with charge-delocalized molecules

Outstanding charge transport in molecular crystals is of great importance in modern electronics and optoelectronics.The widely adopted strategies to enhance charge transport,such as restraining intermolecular vibration,are mostly limited to organic molecules,which are nearly inoperative in 2D inor-ganic molecular crystals currently.In this contribution,charge transport in 2D inorganic molecular crystals is improved by integrating charge-delocalized Se8 rings as building blocks,where the delocalized electrons on Se8 rings lift the intermolecular orbitals overlap,offering efficient charge transfer channels.Besides,α-Se flakes composed of charge-delocalized Se8 rings possess small exciton binding energy.Benefitting from these,α-Se flake exhibits excellent photodetection performance with an ultrafast response rate(�5μs)and a high detectivity of 1.08�1011 Jones.These findings contribute to a deeper under-standing of the charge transport of 2D inorganic molecular crystals composed of electron-delocalized inorganic molecules and pave the way for their poten-tial application in optoelectronics.

Solution-Processed Monolayer Molecular Crystals:From Precise Preparation to Advanced Applications

Emerging monolayer molecular crystals(MMCs)have become prosperous in recent decades due to their numerous advantages.First,downsizing the active layer thickness to monolayer in organic field-effect transistors(OFETs)is beneficial to elucidate the intrinsic charge-transport behavior.Next,the ultrathin conducting channel can reduce bulk injection resistance to extract mobility accurately.Then,direct exposure of the conducting channel can enhance the sensing performance.Finally,MMCs combine the merits of ultrathin thickness and high crystallization,which will improve the optoelectronic performance and realize complex device architectures for future advanced optoelectronic applications.In this Review,recent research progress in precise preparations and advanced applications of solution-processed MMCs are summarized.We present the current challenges related to MMCs with specific structures and desired performances,and an outlook regarding their application in next-generation integrated organic optoelectronics is provided.

Flexible Förster resonance energy transfer-assisted optical waveguide based on elastic mixed molecular crystals

Flexible molecular crystal waveguides based on elastic molecular crystals(EMCs)are essential inflexible and compact optical materials.An increased loss coeffi-cientαdue to self-absorption is often a problem in optical waveguides(OWGs)offluorescent chemical materials waveguiding photons in active mode.Herein,the development of anthracene-based elastic mixed molecular crystals(EMMCs)is reported for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer(FRET)-assisted OWG.To yield a FRET crystal system based on elastic molecular crystals,1%–5%accep-tor doping forfluorescent molecular crystals of 9,10-dibromoanthracene 1 was successful by selecting the same regioisomer having electron-withdrawing group,9,10-diformylanthracene 2,as a dopant.In addition to conversion to the mixed system,there is a difference in the elastic modulus and hardness in EMC C1 and EMMC C2@1.However,the elastic behaviour was also shown in a few percent doping of the acceptor.Theαvalue of this EMMC,composed of 1 including 1%of 2(0.0077 dB/μm),is much lower than that of EMC composed of 1(0.1258 dB/μm)because of reducing self-absorption in the FRET system.An efficient andflexible OWG was successfully developed by selecting an appropriate acceptor molecule and its low doping rate for mixed crystal construction.This method is a practical approach in various functional andflexible crystal systems.

Recent Advances in Growth,Properties and Applications of 2D Inorganic Molecular Crystals

Comprehensive Summary Since the concept of 2D inorganic molecular crystals(2DIMCs)was introduced,intensive attentions have been gradually devoted to this field.Herein,the very recent advances in growth,properties,and applications of 2D inorganic molecular crystals are comprehensively reviewed.Firstly,the newly emerged 2DIMCs are classified into three categories.Then the two typical production methods are present,thus leading to discrepancy in size,distribution,morphology and structures of 2DIMCs.Moreover,the unique physicochemical properties of 2DIMCs are demonstrated on the basis of the as-obtained 2DIMCs,the various applications are exhibited,demonstrating significant potential in related fields.Finally,the perspective and prospects are outlooked to offer insights in further development of 2DIMCs.

Highly efficient modulation of the electronic properties of organic semiconductors by surface doping with 2D molecular crystals

Doping is a critically important strategy to modulate the properties of organic semiconductors(OSCs) to improve their optoelectrical performances. Conventional bulk doping involves the incorporation of foreign molecular species(i.e., dopants) into the lattice of the host OSCs, and thus disrupts the packing of the host OSCs and induces structural defects, which tends to reduce the mobility and(or) the on/off ratio in organic field-effect transistors(OFETs). In this article, we report a highly efficient and highly controllable surface doping strategy utilizing 2D molecular crystals(2DMCs) as dopants to boost the mobility and to modulate the threshold voltage of OFETs. The amount of dopants, i.e., the thickness of the 2DMCs, is controlled at monolayer precision, enabling fine tuning of the electrical properties of the OSCs at unprecedented accuracy. As a result, a prominent increase of the average mobility from 1.31 to 4.71 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a substantial reduction of the threshold voltage from -18.5 to -1.8 V are observed. Meanwhile, high on/off ratios of up to 108 are retained.

Monolayer molecular crystals for low-energy consumption optical synaptic transistors

Artificial synaptic devices hold great potential in building neuromorphic computers.Due to the unique morphological features,twodimensional organic semiconductors at the monolayer limit show interesting properties when acting as the active layers for organic field-effect transistors.Here,organic synaptic transistors are prepared with 1,4-bis((5’-hexyl-2,2’-bithiophen-5-yl)ethyl)benzene(HTEB)monolayer molecular crystals.Functions similar to biological synapses,including excitatory postsynaptic current(EPSC),pair-pulse facilitation,and short/long-term memory,have been realized.The synaptic device achieves the minimum power consumption of 4.29 fJ at low drain voltage of−0.01 V.Moreover,the HTEB synaptic device exhibits excellent long-term memory with 109 s EPSC estimated retention time.Brain-like functions such as dynamic learning-forgetting process and visual noise reduction are demonstrated by nine devices.The unique morphological features of the monolayer molecular semiconductors help to reveal the device working mechanism,and the synaptic behaviors of the devices can be attributed to oxygen induced energy level.This work shows the potential of artificial neuroelectronic devices based on organic monolayer molecular crystals.

Water-Controlled Synthesis of Low-Dimensional Molecular Crystals and the Fabrication of a New Water and Moisture Indicator

Arrays of low-dimensional molecular crystals of square columns(1-D)and nanolamellae(2-D)of Zn[TCNQ]_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)with large areas(up to 1020 cm^(2))have been synthesized by controlled addition of water to Zn and TCNQ.Based on the ability to accurately control the reaction,a new moisture and water indicator has been developed.The simple method,the large areas of material prepared,the fine size tuning,and the typical semiconductor behavior of the resulting low-dimensional molecular materials promise applications in molecular electronics as well as nanoelectronics.The system is an effective indicator for the detection of traces of water and moisture.

ELECTRONIC ENERGY BAND STRUCTURE OF MOLECULAR CRYSTALS MCI·(TCNQ)_2 AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION

The structure of electronic energy bands, electric charge distribution and the amount of charge transfer of molecular crystals 1-MCI·(TCNQ)_2 (Ⅰ) and 2-MCI· (TCNQ)_2 (Ⅱ) have been studied. The results are: (ⅰ) The dominant contributions to the electrical conductivities for crystals Ⅰ and Ⅱ are from TCNQ molecular columns, and the charge carriers are electrons. (ⅱ) The electrical conduction is mainly due to the hopping of charge carriers between the seats of lattice. (ⅲ) The considerable difference of the electrical conductivities between crystals Ⅰ and Ⅱ is due to the differences between (a) the concentrations of charge carriers n_(AⅠ)~C= 0.9988-|e|/cell and n_(AⅡ)~C=0.0340-|e|/cell; (b) the widths of the energy bands △E_(AⅠ)^(LU)=0.88 eV and △E_(AⅡ)~LU=0.040 eV; (c) the first derivative of E with respect to k, (dE/dk)_(K_FAⅠ)^(LU)=0.27 eV· and (dE/dk)_(K_FAⅡ)~LU=0.0048 eV·; and (d) the difference of energy barriers for the hopping of charge carriers ∈_Ⅱ-∈Ⅰ=2.5-8.8 kJ/mol.

Effective polarization energy of the naphthalene molecular crystal: a study on the polarizable force field

Apparent polarization energy of the localized charge in organic solids consists of electronic polarization energy, permanent electrostatic interactions, and inter/intra molecular relaxation energies. The effective electronic polarization energies for an electron/hole carrier were successfully estimated by AMOEBA polarizable force field in naphthalene molecular crystals. Both electronic polarization energy and permanent electrostatic interaction were in agreement with the preview experimental values. In addition, the influence of the multipoles from different distributed mutipole analysis （DMA） fitting options on the electro- static interactions are discussed in this paper. We found that the multipoles obtained from Gauss-Hermite quadrature without diffuse function or grid-based quadrature with 0.325 A H atomic radius will give reasonable electronic polarization energies and permanent interactions for electron and hole carriers.

Calculations of lattice constants, energies of cohesion, and compressibilities of G@C_(60) (G= He, Ne, Ar ) molecular crystals

SINCE the discovery and subsequent macroscopic synthesis of fullerenes,due to their unusualstructure and widely potential applications,many theoretical and experimental scientists havedone a lot of work on fullerenes.Fullerenes are the hollow cage molecules,the large,closedspheroidal shapes suggest that they could hold a variety of small guest atoms and/or

A SAPO-11 Silicoaluminophosphate Molecular Sieve with Stable Crystal Structure

A SAPO-11 silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve with stable crystal structure was synthesized for the first time. After removing template by calcination, its crystal space group still retains Icm2 which the as-synthesized has. The catalyst deriving from the present SAPO-11 materials shows higher isomerization selectivity and higher paraffin hydroisomerization yield than those reported elsewhere.

Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structure of a New Molecular Clip

The synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of a new molecular clip 2 was reported. It （C24H24N4O2, Mr = 400.47） crystallizes in the space group C2/c with a = 15.587（2）, b = 8.5805（12）, c = 15.259（2） A, β = 102.448（3）°, V= 1992.9 （5）A63, Z = 4, Dc = 1.335 g/cm63,μ = 0.087 mm^-1 and F（000） = 848. It remains monomeric in the crystal and a tape-like structure is formed in the crystal structure of molecular clip. The most unusual structural feature of 2 is the boat conformation of its cyclohexyl ring imposed by the ring fusion at C（9）-C（9a）.

Relationship between Multi-Phase Formation and Molecular Structure for Liquid Crystal System

4 mechanical model of liquid crystals （ LCs ） was used to explain the phase formation and thermal properties . The LC plusses in the model are micro- machine systems consisting of an ensemble of molecular rotors, and some dynamie parameters in a semi-experiment molecular orbit method. A novel explanation on the multi-phase formation of LC system is obtained. It is found that the value of the critical rotational velueity is a key parameter for the characterization of each homologous series. The dipole moment of the molecules was also discussed.

MORPHOLOGY EVOLUTION IN PTFE AS A FUNCTION OF MELT TIME AND TEMPERATURE——Ⅰ.HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT SINGLE-AND MULTI-MOLECULE FOLDED CHAIN SINGLE CRYSTALS AND BAND STRUCTURES

The effect of sintering dispersed dispersion and nano-emulsion particles of high molecular weightpolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)on a substrate as a function of“melt”time and temperature is described.Folded chain singlecrystals parallel to the substrate and as ribbons on-edge(with double striations),as well as bands,are produced for longersintering times;particle merger and diffusion of individual molecules,crystallizing as folded chain,single(or few)molecule,single crystals when“trapped”on the substrate by cooling occur for shorter sintering times.It is suggested the observedstructures develop with sintering time,in a mesomorphic melt.The structure of the nascent particles is also discussed.

Investigation of mechanical properties of twin gold crystal nanowires under uniaxial load by molecular dynamics method

Twin gold crystal nanowires, whose loading direction is parallel to the twin boundary orientation, are simulated.We calculate the nanowires under tensile or compressive loads, different length nanowires, and different twin boundary nanowires respectively. The Young modulus of nanowires under compressive load is about twice that under tensile load.The compressive properties of twin gold nanowires are superior to their tensile properties. For different length nanowires,there is a critical value of length with respect to the mechanical properties. When the length of nanowire is greater than the critical value, its mechanical properties are sensitive to length. The twin boundary spacing hardly affects the mechanical properties.

Crystal Structure and Molecular Docking of a Novel 4-(2-Acetonyl-selanyl-benzamido) Benzoic Acid as a Potential Anti-ischemic Stroke Candidate

The title compound 4-(2-acetonyl-selanyl-benzamido) benzoic acid was synthesized and its structure was determined by NMR, HR MS and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a = 5.18537(19), b = 18.9308(7), c = 16.6586(5) ?, b = 95.857(3)°, V = 1626.72(10) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.536 g/cm3, m = 3.302 mm-1, F(000) = 760, the final R = 0.0466 and wR = 0.1353 for 2308 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). In silico docking studies were carried out to evaluate the anti-ischemic stroke activities for twenty-one ischemic stroke associated proteins by Autodock 4.2 software. The title compound has better activity against ischemic stroke than Ebselen.

Crystalline Morphology and Local Transformation of C_(60) Molecular Crystal

1 Introduction C60 crystal is a new form of pure, solid carbon and has been widely investigated. But until now, there still exists the ambiguity in its crystal structure. Early paper showed that C60 molecules stack in a hexagonal close-packed （hcp） lattice with α=10.02A, c=16.36A, but other ones reported that C60 crystal has a face-centred-cubic （foe） lattice with α=14.172,. Foc and hcp structures are both stable at room temperature, whereas from the energetic point of view, fcc structure is much stabler. Moreover, the differences in the

Crystal and Molecular Structure of Bis-N,N’(dithiodi-2,1-phennylene)benzamide

The crystal structure of the title compound ((C 6H 5CONC 6H 4S) 2, M r =229) has been determined by X ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to triclinic space group P 1 with cell parameters: a=7.957(4), b=11.570(7), c=12 335(6), α=76.68(4), β=81.48(4), γ=87.26(4)°, V=1092.9 3, Z=2, D c =1 39g/cm 3, F(000)=476, μ (Mo Kα )=2.7mm -1 . The final R factor is 0.0373 for 3764 observed reflections. The result of X ray diffraction analysis indicates that all of these single bond lengths are obviously shorter than that of standard single bond. Those atoms might take part in a conjugate system. The electrons for sp 3 hybridized S(1) and S(2) move toward two sides and the densities of electronic cloud among them are reduced and can be easily broken. The obtained results can explain the reaction mechanism of the title compound.

Discovery and Preparation of Organic Molecular Crystal via Vapor Phase Chemical Reaction

Chemical vapor deposition has been widely used to prepare the films of silicon, diamond and other inorganic species. Preparation of molecular crystal from chemical reactions in the vapor phase is seldom reported. Hepta-condensed form of 1-propyne-1. 3-diol molecular crystal produced via vapor phase chemical reaction is reported and