Application of molybdenum target X-ray photography in imaging analysis of caudal intervertebral disc degeneration in rats

BACKGROUND Conventional plain X-ray images of rats,the most common animals used as degeneration models,exhibit unclear vertebral structure and blurry intervertebral disc spaces due to their small size,slender vertebral bodies.AIM To apply molybdenum target X-ray photography in the evaluation of caudal intervertebral disc(IVD)degeneration in rat models.METHODS Two types of rat caudal IVD degeneration models(needle-punctured model and endplate-destructed model)were established,and their effectiveness was verified using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.Molybdenum target inspection and routine plain X-ray were then performed on these models.Additionally,four observers were assigned to measure the intervertebral height of degenerated segments on molybdenum target plain X-ray images and routine plain X-ray images,respectively.The degeneration was evaluated and statistical analysis was subsequently conducted.RESULTS Nine rats in the needle-punctured model and 10 rats in the endplate-destructed model were effective.Compared with routine plain X-ray images,molybdenum target plain X-ray images showed higher clarity,stronger contrast,as well as clearer and more accurate structural development.The McNemar test confirmed that the difference was statistically significant(P=0.031).In the two models,the reliability of the intervertebral height measured by the four observers on routine plain X-ray images was poor(ICC<0.4),while the data obtained from the molybdenum target plain X-ray images were more reliable.CONCLUSIONMolybdenum target inspection can obtain clearer images and display fine calcification in the imaging evaluation of caudal IVD degeneration in rats,thus ensuring a more accurate evaluation of degeneration.

Combined molybdenum target X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging examinations improve breast cancer diagnostic efficacy

BACKGROUND Early-stage breast cancer patients often lack specific clinical manifestations,making diagnosis difficult.Molybdenum target X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)examinations both have their own advantages.Thus,a combined examination methodology may improve early breast cancer diagnoses.AIM To explore the combined diagnostic efficacy of molybdenum target X-ray and MRI examinations in breast cancer.METHODS Patients diagnosed with breast cancer at our hospital from March 2019 to April 2021 were recruited,as were the same number of patients during the same period with benign breast tumors.Both groups underwent molybdenum target X-ray and MRI examinations,and diagnoses were given based on each exam.The single(i.e.,X-ray or MRI)and combined(i.e.,using both methods)diagnoses were counted,and the MRI-related examination parameters(e.g.,T-wave peak,peak and early enhancement rates,and apparent diffusion coefficient)were compared between the groups.RESULTS In total,63 breast cancer patients and 63 benign breast tumor patients were recruited.MRI detected 53 breast cancer cases and 61 benign breast tumor cases.Molybdenum target X-ray detected 50 breast cancer cases and 60 benign breast tumor cases.The combined methodology detected 61 breast cancer cases and 61 benign breast tumor cases.The sensitivity(96.83%)and accuracy(96.83%)of the combined methodology were higher than single-method MRI(84.13%and 90.48%,respectively)and molybdenum target X-ray(79.37%and 87.30%,respectively)(P<0.05).The combined methodology specificity(96.83%)did not differ from singlemethod MRI(96.83%)or molybdenum target X-ray(95.24%)(P>0.05).The Twave peak(169.43±32.05)and apparent diffusion coefficient(1.01±0.23)were lower in the breast cancer group than in the benign tumor group(228.86±46.51 and 1.41±0.35,respectively).However,the peak enhancement rate(1.08±0.24)and early enhancement rate(1.07±0.26)were significantly higher in the breast cancer group than in the benign tumor group(0.83±0.19 and 0.75±0.19,respectively)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Combined molybdenum target X-ray and MRI examinations for diagnosing breast cancer improved the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy,minimizing the missedand misdiagnoses risks and promoting timely treatment intervention.

Full-field mapping of internal strain distribution in red sandstone specimen under compression using digital volumetric speckle photography and X-ray computed tomography

It is always desirable to know the interior deformation pattern when a rock is subjected to mechanicalload. Few experimental techniques exist that can represent full-field three-dimensional （3D） straindistribution inside a rock specimen. And yet it is crucial that this information is available for fully understandingthe failure mechanism of rocks or other geomaterials. In this study, by using the newlydeveloped digital volumetric speckle photography （DVSP） technique in conjunction with X-ray computedtomography （CT） and taking advantage of natural 3D speckles formed inside the rock due to materialimpurities and voids, we can probe the interior of a rock to map its deformation pattern under load andshed light on its failure mechanism. We apply this technique to the analysis of a red sandstone specimenunder increasing uniaxial compressive load applied incrementally. The full-field 3D displacement fieldsare obtained in the specimen as a function of the load, from which both the volumetric and the deviatoricstrain fields are calculated. Strain localization zones which lead to the eventual failure of the rock areidentified. The results indicate that both shear and tension are contributing factors to the failuremechanism. 2015 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting byElsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

THE FIRST BINUCLEAR MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN COMPLEXES WITH DOUBLY-BRIDGING PYRIDINE-2-THIOLATO LIGANDS.X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE COMPLEX[Mo_2(CO)_4(μ-pyS)_2(PPh_3)_2].2C_7H_8

The title complex was obtained by reactions of [Mo(CO)_3(MeCN)_3] with [CuBr(pySH)(PPh_3)_2]or directly with pySH and PPh_3. The latter method can be used to synthesize the corresponding tungsten complex [W_2(CO)_4(μ-pyS)_2(PPh_3)_2].The molecular structure of the title compound was determined by X-ray diffraction method.

Equal compressibility structural phase transition of molybdenum at high pressure

We have studied the high-pressure compression behavior of molybdenum up to 60 GPa by synchrotron radial x-ray diffraction(RXRD)in a diamond anvil cell(DAC).It is found that all diffraction peaks of molybdenum undergo a split at around 27 GPa,and we believe that a phase transition from a body-centered cubic structure to a rhombohedral structure at room pressure has occurred.The slope of pressure–volume curve shows continuity before and after this phase transition,when fitting the pressure–volume curves of the body-centered cubic structure at low pressure and the rhombohedral structure at high pressure.A bulk modulus of 261.3(2.7)GPa and a first-order derivative of the bulk modulus of 4.15(0.14)are obtained by using the nonhydrostatic compression data at the angleψ=54.7°between the diffracting plane normal and stress axis.

Facile Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Nanocrystalline Molybdenum Carbide

Nanocrystalline molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) was prepared via one simple route by the reaction of metallic magnesium powders with molybdenum trioxide and potassium acetate in an autoclave at the condition of 600℃ and 4 h. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated that the product was hexagonal α-Mo2C, and the cell constant was a = 3.0091 ?, c = 4.7368 ?. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed that the sample consisted of particles with an average size of about 100 nm in diameter. The product was also studied by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It had good thermal stability and oxidation resistance below 450℃ in air.

高频数字化钼靶摄影与螺旋CT、MRI检查在乳腺癌诊断中的临床价值

目的:分析高频数字化钼靶摄影与螺旋CT、MRI检查在乳腺癌诊断中的临床价值。方法:选取2021年2月—2023年11月广州市中西医结合医院收治的疑似乳腺癌患者123例为研究对象。患者均接受高频数字化钼靶摄影、螺旋CT、MRI及病理学检查。分析高频数字化钼靶摄影、螺旋CT、MRI检查技术的诊断结果,以病理学检查结果为“金标准”,比较高频数字化钼靶摄影、螺旋CT、MRI检查技术的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率。结果:123例疑似乳腺癌患者,通过病理学检查确诊乳腺癌84例,阳性率为68.29%。MRI的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率高于高频数字化钼靶摄影及螺旋CT,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:高频数字化钼靶摄影、螺旋CT、MRI在乳腺癌的诊断中各有优势,但MRI的诊断效能较高,临床应根据患者的具体情况,合理选择合适的检查技术。

钼靶-超声联合应用在微钙化乳腺病变定性诊断中的价值

目的探讨钼靶-超声联合应用在定性诊断含有微钙化灶的乳腺病变中的价值。方法回顾性分析117例微钙化乳腺病变的病理及影像学资料,分别根据钼靶、超声图像的特点对病例进行分组,将两种检查方法联合应用对病例重新分组,比较钼靶、超声、钼靶-超声联合诊断的灵敏度、特异度及符合率。结果钼靶诊断、超声诊断以及钼靶-超声联合诊断的特异度、符合率相似,但钼靶-超声联合诊断的灵敏度为97.33%,均高于钼靶诊断(89.33%)及超声诊断(81.33%)。结论对微钙化乳腺病变,钼靶-超声联合应用优于单一诊断,可提高诊断的灵敏度。

乳腺导管内癌的影像诊断价值

影像医学应用于临床以前,许多乳腺癌依靠临床医师触诊或者自己发现乳腺肿块就诊,这样就会造成一定程度的误诊、漏诊。尤其,乳腺导管内癌(DCIS)在未发生转移和浸润前较难发现。影像学联合应用检查显著提高了DCIS的诊断水平,为DCIS的筛选及治疗发挥重要的作用。目前医学界广泛应用的是钼靶X线、常规二维超声,以及超声弹性成像检查,其中任何一种方法均能较大程度地发现异常,三者联合应用为临床早期发现病灶提供了优质方法。目前乳腺癌的发病率增加,综述影像学联合应用对DCIS的早期诊断有一定的价值。

超声弹性成像、钼靶X线在乳腺肿块良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值

目的:探讨弹性成像(UE)、弹性应变率比值法(SR)与钼靶X线(molybdenum X-ray photography,MX-rP)在乳腺癌诊断中的价值。方法:对114例患者,139个病灶术前行UE,SR与MX-rP检查,以手术病理为诊断金标准,分析在病灶诊断、病灶周围浸润、腋窝转移淋巴结等方面,UE、SR与MX-rP的诊断价值。结果:SR和MX-rP诊断乳腺恶性病灶的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为90%、95.4%、94.2%和66.7%、80.7%、77.6%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SR和MX-rP的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.935和0.803,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);常规超声、弹性成像对转移性淋巴结的检出率高于钼靶X线(P<0.05);弹性成像对病灶病理测值的符合度较常规超声高(P<0.05)。结论:常规超声、弹性成像联合钼靶X线可以进一步提高乳腺恶性肿块的检出率。

乳腺癌钼靶X线的诊断体会

目的回顾乳腺癌钼靶X线征象,总结经验,提高诊断准确率。方法总结分析我院2011年中经手术病理证实72例乳腺癌的X线表现。结果 72例乳腺癌中,直接征象:16例表现为小于临床测量的肿块,37例肿块伴毛刺;11例表现为恶性钙化;8例表现局限性致密浸润;72例乳腺癌伴有或不伴有漏斗征、酒窝征、厚皮征、恶性晕圈征、恶性大导管征、异常血管征、塔尖征、彗星尾征、腋淋巴结肿大等间接征象。结论准确识别乳腺癌钼靶X线征象,对乳腺癌的正确诊断具有重要作用。

超声“萤火虫”技术联合X线钼靶摄影可提高乳腺导管内原位癌的检出率

目的探讨超声“萤火虫”技术与X线钼靶摄影对乳腺导管内原位癌(DCIS)的临床应用价值。方法选取2019年12月~2021年12月收治的疑似乳腺导管内原位癌患者98例作为研究对象。98例患者均在本院行手术治疗,术前均行超声“萤火虫”技术及X线钼靶检查,统计两种检查对乳腺导管内原位癌的检出情况,以病理诊断作为金标准,对两种影像学检查方式进行对比,比较单一检查与联合检查的诊断价值。结果98例乳腺导管内原位癌患者均为单发病灶,良性病变59例,恶性病变39例。超声“萤火虫”技术对乳腺导管内原位癌诊断的敏感度较X线钼靶高(71.8%vs 61.5%),特异性较X线钼靶低(66.1%vs 76.3%),但两者对乳腺DCIS的诊断价值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。超声“萤火虫”技术联合X线钼靶对乳腺DCIS诊断的敏感度、特异性和准确度分别为92.3%、91.5%及91.8%,均高于单纯超声“萤火虫”技术诊断(71.8%、66.1%、68.4%)和单纯X线钼靶(61.5%、76.3%、70.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声“萤火虫”技术联合X线钼靶摄影在诊断乳腺DCIS时具有较高敏感度、特异性和准确度,有助于提高乳腺DCIS的诊断准确率,为临床诊断提供更多价值。

超声联合钼靶X线诊断乳腺肿块良恶性的临床价值

目的:对超声联合钼靶X线诊断乳腺肿块良恶性的临床价值进行探讨。材料与方法:选取本院2010年11月-2011年11月期间收治的120例乳腺微钙化灶患者,所有患者均给予高频彩超和钼靶X线摄影诊断,对两种诊断方法进行对比。结果:超声联合钼靶X线摄影诊断的准确性、敏感性及特异性均高于两种方法单独诊断效果,差异显著,有统计学意义,P<0.05;对乳腺微小钙化灶诊断方面,高频彩超与钼靶X线摄影的检出率都比较理想,但钼靶X线摄影的敏感性与特异性均高于高频彩超,差异显著,有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论:超声联合钼靶X线对乳腺肿块良恶性进行诊断,准确率较高,在临床中有推广应用的价值。

乳腺钼靶摄影中钙化对乳腺疾病的诊断价值分析

目的:探讨乳腺摄影中各种钙化形式对乳腺疾病的诊断价值。方法:采用美国GE公司生产乳腺机800T进行轴住(CC位)、斜位 (MLO位)摄影。结果:经手术或活检病理证实在乳腺钼靶摄影中所见钙化118例,其中良性钙化72例,多表现为粗大、空泡、因块状。恶性钙化 46例,多表现为细沙、针尖、小叉、小杆状。结论:钙化发生部位、钙化形态、数目、密度等对乳腺疾病正确诊断具有重要意义。

乳腺钼靶摄影及病理对早期乳腺癌诊断的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺钼靶摄影与手术病理对早期乳腺癌诊断的研究。方法对76例诊断为早期乳腺癌患者术前的钼靶摄影X线特点进行回顾性分析。结果76例患者的钼靶摄影X线诊断与病理诊断完全相符。结论乳腺钼靶摄影诊断早期乳腺癌具有较高的特异性。

不典型乳腺癌的X线诊断

目的探讨不典型乳腺癌的X线表现,从而提高不典型乳腺癌的诊断率。方法34例不典型乳腺癌患者全部为手术及病理证实,均为女性,年龄23～59岁,平均为41岁,有12例触诊可扪及包块。22例未能触及包块,在X线检查中被发现,34例均摄双乳乳腺轴斜位片,对X线征象表现进行分析和诊断。结果9例X线表现局部结构紊乱。12例显示局部有不规则片状纠集影,18例显示钙化灶。包括泥样钙化,小杆状、小叉状、针尖样钙化影。结论上述几种不典型表现可单独出现,也可多种征象合并出现,对于诊断不典型乳腺癌有很大价值。

X线钼靶摄影乳腺癌钙化与ER、PR及c-erbB-2表达的相关性研究

目的:探讨乳腺癌钙化灶特点与人表皮生长因子受体-2(c-erbB-2)、孕激素受体(PR)及雌激素受体(ER)的表达水平之间的关系。方法:观察100例乳腺癌患者X线钼靶摄影片中钙化灶的特点,采用免疫组织化学染色方法测定癌组织中免疫组化标志物c-erbB-2、PR及ER的表达水平,将二者结果进行对照研究。结果:100例患者中,55例患者无钙化表现,45例患者有沙砾样微小钙化灶表现。45例钙化灶组的c-erbB-2阳性表达明显高于55例无钙化组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.285,P=0.022);45例有钙化组中,钙化沿乳腺导管走行组的PR阳性表达明显低于钙化不沿乳腺导管走行组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3.910,P=0.048);钙化灶总数目>20个组别的c-erbB-2、PR、ER阳性表达均稍高于钙化灶总数目≤20个组别,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);单纯钙化组的ER阳性表达明显低于钙化合并肿块组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.377,P=0.036)。结论:乳腺癌钙化灶特点与乳腺癌分子生物学指标(c-erbB-2、PR、ER)之间存在一定相关性,是否有钙化、钙化灶的分布及钙化是否合并肿块存在等可能粗略预测部分生物学指标的表达,为乳腺癌分子生物学行为和疾病的预后判断提供一定依据。

乳腺钼靶计算机放射摄影成像对乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨计算机放射摄影(CR)乳腺钼靶摄影成像对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法收集经手术病理证实并于术前行CR乳腺钼靶摄影的乳腺癌26例,回顾性分析其X线征象对乳腺癌的诊断价值。结果浸润性导管癌13例,浸润性小叶癌7例,原位癌6例。其中4例呈小结节影,10例呈肿块伴有毛刺样或分叶状改变,4例仅有钙化,5例局部结构扭曲紊乱,单纯沙粒样成簇钙化3例,结构扭曲紊乱伴钙化2例,2例局限性小片状密度增高。结论 CR乳腺钼靶摄影成像对乳腺癌的早期发现、诊断具有重要价值。

钼靶X线阴囊摄影对诊断阴囊疾病的价值

笔者应用钼靶X线机对10例疑有阴囊疾病的患者作了摄影。重点介绍钼靶X线阴囊摄影技术,并分析了常见阴囊疾病的X线表现。

乳腺肿瘤样疾病钼靶摄影与自制乳腺托架CT扫描的对照研究

目的:通过钼靶摄影与自制乳腺托架CT扫描对照,探讨两者在乳腺肿瘤样疾病诊断中的价值。方法:乳腺肿瘤样疾病88例(病灶106个),均为女性。采用GE乳腺机800T进行乳腺钼靶摄影,西门子CT机并自制乳腺托架进行乳腺薄层扫描。由有经验的放射科医师进行盲法阅片。所有病例均经手术或活检病理证实。结果:钼靶与CT对乳腺良恶性疾病诊断符合率分别为93.18％和95.45％,灵敏性93.02％和95.35％,特异性分别为93.33％和95.56％,钼靶与CT对疾病定性诊断无显著性差异(P>0.05)。恶性病组与良性病组肿瘤周围脂肪间隙和周围正常脂肪间隙CT值差经统计学检验具有非常显著差异。CT与钼靶对腋窝淋巴结转移的检出具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:钼靶与CT在良恶性疾病定性诊断方面无显著性差异。CT对腋窝淋巴结具有定位及定性优势,还可以显示腋窝以外淋巴结,对乳腺癌治疗具有指导意义。