Parity-decomposition and moment analysis for stationary Wigner equation with inflow boundary conditions

We study the stationary Wigner equation on a bounded, one- dimensional spatial domain with inflow boundary conditions by using the parity decomposition of L. Barletti and P. F. Zweifel [Transport Theory Statist. Phys., 2001, 30（4-6）： 507-520]. The decomposition reduces the half-range, two-point boundary value problem into two decoupled initial value problems of the even part and the odd part. Without using a cutoff approximation around zero velocity, we prove that the initial value problem for the even part is well-posed. For the odd part, we prove the uniqueness of the solution in the odd L2-spaee by analyzing the moment system. An example is provided to show that how to use the analysis to obtain the solution of the stationary Wigner equation with inflow boundary conditions.

Operation and Force Analysis of the Guide Wire in a Minimally Invasive Vascular Interventional Surgery Robot System

To develop a robot system for minimally invasive surgery is significant,however the existing minimally invasive surgery robots are not applicable in practical operations,due to their limited functioning and weaker perception.A novel wire feeder is proposed for minimally invasive vascular interventional surgery.It is used for assisting surgeons in delivering a guide wire,balloon and stenting into a specific lesion location.By contrasting those existing wire feeders,the motion methods for delivering and rotating the guide wire in blood vessel are described,and their mechanical realization is presented.A new resistant force detecting method is given in details.The change of the resistance force can help the operator feel the block or embolism existing in front of the guide wire.The driving torque for rotating the guide wire is developed at different positions.Using the CT reconstruction image and extracted vessel paths,the path equation of the blood vessel is obtained.Combining the shapes of the guide wire outside the blood vessel,the whole bending equation of the guide wire is obtained.That is a risk criterion in the delivering process.This process can make operations safer and man-machine interaction more reliable.A novel surgery robot for feeding guide wire is designed,and a risk criterion for the system is given.

Feature Extraction of Radar Range Profiles Based on Normalized Central Moments

The normalized central moments are widely used in pattern recognition because of scale and translation invariance. The moduli of normalized central moments of the 1-dimensional complex range profiles are used here as feature vector for radar target recognition. The common feature extraction method for high resolution range profile obtained by using Fourier-modified direct Mellin transform is inefficient and unsatisfactory in recognition rate And. generally speaking, the automatic target recognition method based on inverse synthetic aperture radar 2-dimensional imaging is not competent for real time object identification task because it needs complicated motion compensation which is sometimes too difficult to carry out. While the method applied here is competent for real-time recognition because of its computational efficiency. The result of processing experimental data indicates that this method is good at recognition.

Retrieval of multiple scattering contrast from x-ray analyzer-based imaging

We present a moment-based alternative approach to retrieve multiple scattering contrasts from x-ray analyzer-based imaging. By use of the properties of moments of convolutions, the multiple-image radiography approach is theoretically validated. Furthermore, higher order moments of the object scattering distribution, inaccessible in multiple-image radiography, are simultaneously provided by this alternative approach. It is experimentally demonstrated that the skew and kurtosis information related to the distribution of sub-pixel features within the object can be obtained from those complementary contrasts. Finally, the sensitivity of the retrieved multiple scattering contrasts is investigated experimentally. The finding that the sensitivity is inversely proportional to the square root of the detected photon number essentially indicates that the retrieval of moments with an order higher than two can be achieved without increasing exposure time or dose. The presented alternative approach provides an access to the exploitation of multiple scattering contrasts, which is expected to be useful in biomedical research, materials science, security screening, etc.

Acoustic emission characterization of microcracking in laboratory-scale hydraulic fracturing tests

Understanding microcracking near coalesced fracture generation is critically important for hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoir characterization as well as damage evaluation in civil engineering structures. Dense and sometimes random microcracking near coalesced fracture formation alters the mechanical properties of the nearby virgin material. Individual microcrack characterization is also significant in quantifying the material changes near the fracture faces （i.e. damage）. Acoustic emission （AE） monitoring and analysis provide unique information regarding the microcracking process temporally, and infor- mation concerning the source characterization of individual microcracks can be extracted. In this context, laboratory hydraulic fracture tests were carried out while monitoring the AEs from several piezoelectric transducers. In-depth post-processing of the AE event data was performed for the purpose of under- standing the individual source mechanisms. Several source characterization techniques including moment tensor inversion, event parametric analysis, and volumetric deformation analysis were adopted. Post-test fracture characterization through coring, slicing and micro-computed tomographic imaging was performed to determine the coalesced fracture location and structure. Distinct differences in fracture characteristics were found spatially in relation to the openhole injection interval. Individual microcrack AE analysis showed substantial energy reduction emanating spatially from the injection interval. It was quantitatively observed that the recorded AE signals provided sufficient information to generalize the damage radiating spatially away from the injection wellbore.

A moment-based stochastic edge-based smoothed finite element method for electromagnetic forming process

In this paper, a novel stochastic method named as the moment-based stochastic edge-based finite element method(MSES-FEM)is proposed to deal with the uncertain electromagnetic problems. First, electromagnetic and mechanical field are formulated by smoothed Galerkin Weak Form under edge-based smoothed finite element method(ES-FEM) scheme. The moment analysis is then applied to obtain the first four moments of the responses and to observe the effects of each random variable on electromagnetic field responses. The maximum entropy theory is employed to calculate the probability density functions(PDFs) of the responses. A quasi-static electromagnetic problem and a practical electromagnetic forming problem(EMF) are performed. The proposed method successfully solves stochastic electromagnetic forming analysis under the uncertain parameters. Numerical results obtained by the proposed MSES-FEM are quite satisfactory with the ones by the Monte Carlo simulation(MCS).

Reliability analysis based on a novel density estimation method for structures with correlations

Estimating the Probability Density Function（PDF） of the performance function is a direct way for structural reliability analysis,and the failure probability can be easily obtained by integration in the failure domain.However,efficiently estimating the PDF is still an urgent problem to be solved.The existing fractional moment based maximum entropy has provided a very advanced method for the PDF estimation,whereas the main shortcoming is that it limits the application of the reliability analysis method only to structures with independent inputs.While in fact,structures with correlated inputs always exist in engineering,thus this paper improves the maximum entropy method,and applies the Unscented Transformation（UT） technique to compute the fractional moments of the performance function for structures with correlations,which is a very efficient moment estimation method for models with any inputs.The proposed method can precisely estimate the probability distributions of performance functions for structures with correlations.Besides,the number of function evaluations of the proposed method in reliability analysis,which is determined by UT,is really small.Several examples are employed to illustrate the accuracy and advantages of the proposed method.

Design and locomotion analysis of two kinds of rolling expandable mobile linkages with a single degree of freedom

This study presents two kinds of rolling robots that are able to roll by deforming their outer shapes with a single degree of freedom.Each robot is an essential multi-loop planar expandable linkage constructed by a concave outer loop and several inner parallelogram loops.In this study,the mechanical design of the robots is introduced.Dynamic rolling process is further analyzed on the basis of zero moment point method,and a morphing strategy is proposed to guarantee a stable dynamic rolling process.A novel passive rolling locomotion is also developed,which enables the robots to roll and stand on a slope.To verify the design,two prototypes are manufactured,wherein the dynamic and passive rolling locomotion are carried out.