Moments of inertia of triaxial nuclei in covariant density functional theory

The covariant density functional theory(CDFT)and five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian(5DCH)are used to analyze the experimental deformation parameters and moments of inertia(MoIs)of 12 triaxial nuclei as extracted by Allmond and Wood[J.M.Allmond and J.L.Wood,Phys.Lett.B 767,226(2017)].We find that the CDFT MoIs are generally smaller than the experimental values but exhibit qualitative consistency with the irrotational flow and experimental data for the relative MoIs,indicating that the intermediate axis exhibites the largest MoI.Additionally,it is found that the pairing interaction collapse could result in nuclei behaving as a rigid-body flow,as exhibited in the^(186-192)Os case.Furthermore,by incorporating enhanced CDFT MoIs(factor of f≈1.55)into the 5DCH,the experimental low-lying energy spectra and deformation parameters are reproduced successfully.Compared with both CDFT and the triaxial rotor model,the 5DCH demonstrates superior agreement with the experimental deformation parameters and low-lying energy spectra,respectively,emphasizing the importance of considering shape fluctuations.

A Probing Model of Secret Key Generation Based on Channel Autocorrelation Function

Secret key generation(SKG)is a promising solution to the problem of wireless communications security.As the first step of SKG,channel probing affects it significantly.Although there have been some probing schemes,there is a lack of research on the optimization of the probing process.This study investigates how to optimize correlated parameters to maximize the SKG rate(SKGR)in the time-division duplex(TDD)mode.First,we build a probing model which includes the effects of transmitting power,the probing period,and the dimension of sample vectors.Based on the model,the analytical expression of the SKGR is given.Next,we formulate an optimization problem for maximizing the SKGR and give an algorithm to solve it.We conclude the SKGR monotonically increases as the transmitting power increases.Relevant mathematical proofs are given in this study.From the simulation results,increasing appropriately the probing period and the dimension of the sample vector could increase the SKGR dramatically compared to a yardstick,which indicates the importance of optimizing the parameters related to the channel probing phase.

Structural failure analysis with CMS-based ground motion selection using innovative cost function and weight factors

The selection and scaling of ground motion records is considered a primary and essential task in performing structural analysis and design.Conventional methods involve using ground motion models and a conditional spectrum to select ground motion records based on the target spectrum.This research demonstrates the influence of adopting different weighted factors for various period ranges during matching selected ground motions with the target hazard spectrum.The event data from the Next Generation Attenuation West 2(NGA-West 2)database is used as the basis for ground motion selection,and hazard de-aggregation is conducted to estimate the event parameters of interest,which are then used to construct the target intensity measure(IM).The target IMs are then used to select ground motion records with different weighted vector-valued objective functions.The weights are altered to account for the relative importance of IM in accordance with the structural analysis application of steel moment resisting frame(SMRF)buildings.Instead of an ordinary objective function for the matching spectrum,a novel model is introduced and compared with the conventional cost function.The results indicate that when applying the new cost function for ground motion selection,it places higher demands on structures compared to the conventional cost function.Moreover,submitting more weights to the first-mode period of structures increases engineering demand parameters.Findings demonstrate that weight factors allocated to different period ranges can successfully account for period elongation and higher mode effects.

Analysis of a Cavity Used for Medical Purposes with the Dyadic Green's Functions and the Moment method

The structure of a microwave radiator used for medical purposes is described. The dyadic Green's function and the method are used to analyze this Kind of multimode rectangular medium-filled cavity. The distribution of electromagnetic field intensity and the power density,as well as the temperature effect in the biological sample load are obtained.OPtimization of the size of cavity and the position of the input aperture have been performed with the computer to optimize the uniformity or microwave effect and the input VSWR.Necessary experiments were performed to compare the data obtained with theoretical analysis.

ORTHOGONAL MATRIX POLYNOMIALS WITH RESPECT TO LINEAR MATRIX MOMENT FUNCTION ALS:THEORY AND APPLICATIONS

In this paper orthogonal matrix polynomials with respect to a right matrix moment functional an introduced. Basic results, important examples and applications to the approximation of matrix integrals are studied. Error bounds for the proposed matrix quadrature rules are given.

SIMULATION OF EFFECTS OF REACTIVE IMPURITIES ON PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION IN LOOP REACTORS THROUGH GENERATION FUNCTION TECHNIQUE

The estimation of the amount of reactive impurities in a loop reactor is of strategic importance to the propylene polymerization industry. It is essential to investigate the level of impurities in order to develop reliable monitoring and control strategies. This paper described one approach based on generation function technique with the following two steps. First, a new mechanism for propylene polymerization was proposed by considering the effects of the reactive impurities in the material on the propylene polymerization. Second, a series of equations of population balance for the propylene polymerization in loop reactors were established based on the proposed mechanism. Accordingly, the equations were transformed into the mathematic matrix through the generation function technique to investigate the effects of the reactive impurities on the propylene polymerization. Significant effects of the reactive impurities were analyzed through computational simulation. The results show that the concentration of active centre on catalysts and the polymerization conversion both decrease with the increase of the initial concentration of any reactive impurity; hydrogen concentration decreases with the increase of the initial concentration of ethylene or butylenes, whereas, it increases with the increase of the initial concentration of propadiene; the simulated weight average molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution index of polymer resins both increase with the increase of the initial concentration of ethylene or butylenes. They decrease with the increase of the initial concentration of propadiene.

ORTHOGONAL MATRIX POLYNOMIALS WITH RESPECT TO A CONJUGATE BILINEAR MATRIX MOMENT FUNCTIONAL: BASIC THEORY

In this paper basic results for a theory of orthogonal matrix polynomials with respect to a conjugate bilinear matrix moment functional are proposed. Properties of orthogonal matrix polynomial sequences including a three term matrix relationship are given. Positive definite conjugate bilinear matrix moment functionals are introduced and a characterization of positive definiteness in terms of a block Haenkel moment matrix is established. For each positive definite conjugate bilinear matrix moment functional an associated matrix inner product is defined.

A Multivariate Empirical Orthogonal Function-Based Scheme for the Balanced Initial Ensemble Generation of an Ensemble Kalman Filter

The initial ensemble perturbations for an ensemble data assimilation system are expected to reasonably sample model uncertainty at the time of analysis to further reduce analysis uncertainty. Therefore, the careful choice of an initial ensemble perturbation method that dynamically cycles ensemble perturbations is required for the optimal performance of the system. Based on the multivariate empirical orthogonal function (MEOF) method, a new ensemble initialization scheme is developed to generate balanced initial perturbations for the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) data assimilation, with a reasonable consideration of the physical relationships between different model variables. The scheme is applied in assimilation experiments with a global spectral atmospheric model and with real observations. The proposed perturbation method is compared to the commonly used method of spatially-correlated random perturbations. The comparisons show that the model uncertainties prior to the first analysis time, which are forecasted from the balanced ensemble initial fields, maintain a much more reasonable spread and a more accurate forecast error covariance than those from the randomly perturbed initial fields. The analysis results are further improved by the balanced ensemble initialization scheme due to more accurate background information. Also, a 20-day continuous assimilation experiment shows that the ensemble spreads for each model variable are still retained in reasonable ranges without considering additional perturbations or inflations during the assimilation cycles, while the ensemble spreads from the randomly perturbed initialization scheme decrease and collapse rapidly.

Basis Sets Dependency in Constructing Spectroscopy-Accuracy Ab Initio Global Electric Dipole Moment Functions

Recently,more attention have been paid on the construction of dipole moment functions(DMF)using theoretical methods.However,the computational methods to construct DMFs are not validated as much as those for potential energy surfaces do.In this letter,using Ar…He as an example,we tested how spectroscopyaccuracy DMFs can be constructed using ab initio methods.We especially focused on the basis set dependency in this scenario,i.e.,the convergence of DMF with the sizes of basis sets,basis set superposition error,and mid-bond functions.We also tested the explicitly correlated method,which converges with smaller basis sets than the conventional methods do.This work can serve as a pictorial sample of all these computational technologies behaving in the context of constructing DMFs.

Parameterization of the sea spray generation function with whitecap coverage

Sea spray droplets are produced by waves breaking on the sea surface, and they vary the transfer of energy between the atmosphere and ocean. The sea spray generation function(SSGF) is generally considered as a function of the initial radius of the spray droplets and the wind speed. However, ocean waves always exist at the air-sea interface, so it is not reasonable to consider only the effect of sea surface winds while ignoring the effects of ocean waves. Whitecap coverage is an important characteristic parameter of breaking waves, and researchers believe that this parameter is related to both wave state and wind speed. In this paper, the SSGF is parameterized by the whitecap coverage, and a new SSGF describing different droplet radii is organically integrated based on the whitecap coverage parameter. Then, with the relationship between the whitecap coverage and wave state, the influence of ocean waves on the SSGF for different wave states was analyzed by using observational data in the laboratory. The results show that the new SSGF that considers wave effects can reasonably describe the droplet generation process under different wave state conditions.

On Moment Generating Function of Generalized Order Statistics from Erlang-Truncated Exponential Distribution

In this paper explicit expressions and some recurrence relations are derived for marginal and joint moment generating functions of generalized order statistics from Erlang-truncated exponential distribution. The results for k-th record values and order statistics are deduced from the relations derived. Further, a characterizing result of this distribution on using the conditional expectation of function of generalized order statistics is discussed.

A generalized alpha function of Peng-Robison equation of state for non-polar,weakly polar and polar compounds

A novel alpha function for Peng-Robinson equation of state was proposed and generalized with acentric factor and dipole moment for predicting thermodynamic properties of non-polar,weakly polar,and polar compounds.The parameters of new alpha function were fitted with vapor pressures of 70 compounds.Six different methods were investigated for the correlation of parameters of new alpha function and Heyen alpha function.The generalized new alpha function passed the consistency test.The results indicated that the predictive accuracy of generalized new alpha function and generalized Heyen alpha function was improved for the estimation of vapor pressure of 11 kinds of compounds,with the average relative deviations(ARDs)being 2.60%and 2.76%.The ARDs of the two generalized alpha functions were 2.04%and 2.09%for the enthalpy of vaporization.However,the generalized new alpha function and the other alpha functions had great deviations for the prediction of liquid volumes and isobaric heat capacities.The alpha function that was generalized with acentric factor and reduced dipole moment was more accurate than that was generalized with acentric factor,especially for the prediction of vapor pressure and enthalpy of vaporization of polar compounds.

High-order harmonic generation of the cyclo[18]carbon molecule irradiated by circularly polarized laser pulse

High-order harmonic generation of the cyclo[18]carbon(C_(18) ) molecule under few-cycle circularly polarized laser pulse is studied by time-dependent density functional theory. Compared with the harmonic emission of the ring molecule C_(6)H_(6) having similar ionization potential, the C_(18) molecule has higher efficiency and cutoff energy than C_(6)H_(6) with the same laser field parameters. Further researches indicate that the harmonic efficiency and cutoff energy of the C_(18) molecule increase gradually with the increase of the laser intensity of the driving laser or decrease of the wavelength, both are larger than those of the C_(6)H_(6) molecule. Through the analysis of the time-dependent evolution of the electronic wave packets, it is also found that the higher efficiency of harmonic generation can be attributed to the larger spatial scale of the C_(18) molecule,which leads to a greater chance for the ionized electrons from one atom to recombine with others of the parent molecule.Selecting the suitable driving laser pulse, it is demonstrated that high-order harmonic generation in the C_(18) molecule has a wide range of applications in producing circularly polarized isolated attosecond pulse.

基于密度泛函理论对团簇CrPS_(4)的光谱分析

为快速、高效得到物质的谱图数据,利用计算化学方法,根据拓扑学原理,利用密度泛函理论,对团簇CrPS_(4)10种优化构型的红外光谱、拉曼光谱、偶极矩以及极化率进行了分析,并利用构型2^((4))的理论红外谱图与前人所得实际光谱图进行了对比。结果显示:CrPS_(4)红外光谱的波峰大致分布在300~700 cm^(-1)范围内,拉曼光谱的波峰范围主要分布在200~700 cm^(-1)范围内;团簇CrPS_(4)振动形式为伸缩振动时,其对入射光的吸收强度较大;在频率较低的波段,CrPS_(4)更易发生红外吸收,在频率较高的波段,更易发生拉曼散射;总偶极矩的排列顺序为2^((2))>6^((4))>4^((2))>3^((2))>3^((4))>4^((4))>1^((2))>2^((4))>5^((4))>1^((4)),偶极矩越大,红外活性越强;极化率大小关系满足5^((4))<1^((4))<6^((4))<4^((4))<3^((4))<1^((2))<2^((4))<2^((2))<3^((2))<4^((2)),极化率越大,拉曼活性越强;所有构型的3大主轴中,XX轴的极化率均大于YY轴与ZZ轴;构型2^((4))的理论光谱图与实际结果对比发现,两者光谱图波峰频率基本吻合,实验与理论分析互为补充。

行为m-NA随机变量阵列的完全收敛性

利用截尾方法和矩不等式,在更一般的条件下对m-NA阵列行和的收敛性进行了研究,并得到了m-NA阵列的完全收敛性.所得结果改进了文献[6]的研究结果。

基于投资组合高阶矩分析的电力系统灵活性评估

针对现有灵活性指标形式主要集中于低阶统计量,仅能反映系统灵活性的平均水平与集中程度,而忽视了灵活性的高阶特征这一问题,引入投资组合高阶矩分析理论对电力系统灵活性进行刻画,以揭示系统灵活性的调节潜力与风险。首先,通过分析投资组合的均值-方差-偏度-峰度模型(mean-variance-skewness-kurtosismodel,MVSK Model),给出了灵活性单元组合的定义,基于多元Copula函数构建考虑空间相关性的灵活性单元概率模型。其次,基于灵活性单元组合的各阶矩建立灵活性评估指标,并给出基于核密度估计与蒙特卡洛模拟的指标计算方法。最后,通过FTS-213测试系统与德国某电网的历史数据对所提指标进行了测算和验证。算例表明所提指标能够反映系统灵活性调节能力的平均水平、稳定程度、潜力与风险,且能量化评估灵活性资源种类与投建地区对系统灵活性的影响,为后续的灵活性资源规划提供理论支持。

Cs/O沉积Na_(2)KSb光电阴极表面的第一性原理研究

Na_(2)KSb光电阴极在光电倍增管、图像增强器、真空电子源等领域具有重要应用.为指导高灵敏度Na_(2)KSb光电阴极的制备,采用第一性原理计算方法,研究不同表面取向和原子终止面的Na_(2)KSb表面模型,获得稳定且最有利于电子发射的表面结构.基于该表面进一步研究了不同覆盖度下的Cs原子沉积和Cs/O原子共沉积对Na_(2)KSb表面电子结构和光学性质的影响.对比表面能、吸附能和吸附前后的功函数结果表明,Na_(2)KSb(111)K表面具有优越的电子发射能力以及良好的稳定性.当Na_(2)KSb(111)K表面吸附2/4单层的Cs原子和1/4单层O原子时,获得最大功函数下降量0.16 eV.表面吸附Cs/O原子有利于电荷往表面上方转移,并产生电荷累积,能形成有效表面偶极矩.通过分析能带结构和态密度,发现吸附Cs原子对导带底存在额外的能带贡献,且引入O原子吸附后价带发生上移.此外,吸附Cs/O原子有利于增强表面近红外光吸收,但是会导致表面紫外和可见光吸收变差.

基于多保真度模型的高比例新能源配电网潮流不确定性表征方法

在能源生产和消费低碳化转型的背景下,如何量化源-荷不确定性的影响,高效、准确地实现配电网潮流不确定性表征,对配电网的安全、可靠运行具有重要意义。该文从计算效率和准确性两方面出发,将现有基于概率潮流的不确定性表征方法分为高、低保真度模型两类,综合分析了两种方法存在的问题。在此基础上,提出一种基于多保真度模型的高比例新能源配电网潮流不确定性表征方法,以实现潮流状态变量矩信息的高精度估计与概率分布函数的刻画。在矩信息估计方面,提出结合高、低保真度模型特点的最优输入样本数量分配方法,在给定总计算负担下实现了输出变量矩信息的无偏估计。在概率分布函数刻画方面,提出基于综合启动函数的概率分布函数刻画方法,利用多保真度模型提供的先验信息,提升概率分布函数拟合的准确性。通过118节点配电网的仿真计算,验证所提方法的有效性。

轴向柱塞变量泵斜盘小摆角的稳定性分析

以斜盘式轴向柱塞变量泵作为系统动力源的液压系统,由于节流损失较低,相较于阀控的液压系统具有良好的节能效果。其在斜盘小摆角工况下的工作稳定性是影响其应用的关键问题之一。根据轴向柱塞变量泵的变量原理,将变量泵稳定性转化为变量缸的稳定性分析。首先分析斜盘的受力情况,得出斜盘所受到的平衡力矩方程,从而得出变量缸的负载,再通过变量缸的流量方程与动力学方程推导变量缸的传递函数,最后运用灵敏度分析方法,分析出影响变量泵稳定性的关键因素,为后续优化轴向柱塞变量泵提供了理论基础。

更新过程若干矩性质及其风险理论应用

更新过程作为一类重要的计数随机过程,在金融风险理论、可靠性理论等研究领域均具有广泛应用。本文从更新过程的均值函数更新函数有限证明出发,利用其证明思想,进一步研究了更新过程若干矩函数性质,包括任意阶矩函数、指数阶矩函数性质等。最后本文列举了更新过程矩函数性质在风险理论中的一个简单应用。